Essential AP Chapter 5 questions
Which bone is part of the axial skeleton?
Sternum
Which of these is a function of the skeletal system?
Storage site for calcuim
Two or more bones meet at a location called a(n) ________.
articulation (joint)
The dens is a process projecting from the ________.
axis
What is the function of red bone marrow?
blood cell formation
Hypercalcemia promotes the deposition of calcium to _______.
bones.
The most important minerals stored in bones are ________.
calcium and phosphorus
Which of these allow nutrients to diffuse from the central canal to all the osteocytes within an osteon?
canaliculi
What type of vertebrae have openings in their transverse processes that guide the vertebral arteries up toward the brain?
cervical
The tailbone is the ________.
coccyx
What term refers to the end of a long bone?
epiphysis
Which of these bones articulates with the acetabulum of the coxal bone?
femur
The intervertebral discs that cushion the spine and absorb shock are composed of ______.
fibrocartilage
The atlas is the ________.
first cervical vertebra
The large hole located in the base of the occipital bone that allows the spinal cord and brain to connect is the ________.
foraman magnum
The head of the humerus fits into the ________ of the scapula.
glenoid cavity
The hyoid bone is unique because it ________.
is the only bone of the body that does not directly articulate with any other bone
The small cavities in bone tissue where osteocytes are found are called ________.
lacunae
The sternum is the result of fusion of three bones called the ________.
manubrium, body, xiphoid process
What bones form the hard palate?
maxillary and palatine
The process of bone formation is known as ________.
ossification
What type of bone cell is primarily active when bone growth occurs?
osteoblast
The arrangement of lamellae around central (Haversian) canals forms ___________.
osteons (Haversian systems).
Bone-destroying cells known as osteoclasts are activated by the hormone ________.
parathyroid hormone (PTH)
What type of joint is found between the atlas and the dens of the axis?
pivot- it allows side to side movement of the head.
How many true ribs do humans have?
seven
Cube-shaped bones that contain mostly spongy bone are called ________ bones.
short
In adults, the function of the yellow marrow is to ________.
store adipose tissue
The factor(s) that determine where bone matrix is to be remodeled is (are) ________.
stress of gravity and pull of muscles on the skeleton
The shin bone is called the ________.
tibia
Which bones attach directly to the sternum?
true ribs
Which of these bone markings is a projection that serves as a site for muscle or ligament attachment?
tubercle
What bones protect the spinal cord?
vertebrae
______ allow the fetal skull to be compressed slightly during childbirth.
Fontanels
Which of these is responsible for the flexibility of bone?
Collagen
The arrangement of bone tissue shown in the figure consists of ________.
Osteons
