Essential AP Chapter 5 questions

Which bone is part of the axial skeleton?

Sternum

Which of these is a function of the skeletal system?

Storage site for calcuim

Two or more bones meet at a location called a(n) ________.

articulation (joint)

The dens is a process projecting from the ________.

axis

What is the function of red bone marrow?

blood cell formation

Hypercalcemia promotes the deposition of calcium to _______.

bones.

The most important minerals stored in bones are ________.

calcium and phosphorus

Which of these allow nutrients to diffuse from the central canal to all the osteocytes within an osteon?

canaliculi

What type of vertebrae have openings in their transverse processes that guide the vertebral arteries up toward the brain?

cervical

The tailbone is the ________.

coccyx

What term refers to the end of a long bone?

epiphysis

Which of these bones articulates with the acetabulum of the coxal bone?

femur

The intervertebral discs that cushion the spine and absorb shock are composed of ______.

fibrocartilage

The atlas is the ________.

first cervical vertebra

The large hole located in the base of the occipital bone that allows the spinal cord and brain to connect is the ________.

foraman magnum

The head of the humerus fits into the ________ of the scapula.

glenoid cavity

The hyoid bone is unique because it ________.

is the only bone of the body that does not directly articulate with any other bone

The small cavities in bone tissue where osteocytes are found are called ________.

lacunae

The sternum is the result of fusion of three bones called the ________.

manubrium, body, xiphoid process

What bones form the hard palate?

maxillary and palatine

The process of bone formation is known as ________.

ossification

What type of bone cell is primarily active when bone growth occurs?

osteoblast

The arrangement of lamellae around central (Haversian) canals forms ___________.

osteons (Haversian systems).

Bone-destroying cells known as osteoclasts are activated by the hormone ________.

parathyroid hormone (PTH)

What type of joint is found between the atlas and the dens of the axis?

pivot- it allows side to side movement of the head.

How many true ribs do humans have?

seven

Cube-shaped bones that contain mostly spongy bone are called ________ bones.

short

In adults, the function of the yellow marrow is to ________.

store adipose tissue

The factor(s) that determine where bone matrix is to be remodeled is (are) ________.

stress of gravity and pull of muscles on the skeleton

The shin bone is called the ________.

tibia

Which bones attach directly to the sternum?

true ribs

Which of these bone markings is a projection that serves as a site for muscle or ligament attachment?

tubercle

What bones protect the spinal cord?

vertebrae

______ allow the fetal skull to be compressed slightly during childbirth.

Fontanels

Which of these is responsible for the flexibility of bone?

Collagen

The arrangement of bone tissue shown in the figure consists of ________.

Osteons