Eukaryotic Cell Organelles Functions

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

The main function is to synthesize protein for secretion from the cell. Protein synthesized by the ribosomes passes into its cisternae and is then carried by vesicles, which bud off and are moved to the Golgi apparatus.

Lysosome

They contain digestive enzymes, which can be used to break down ingested food in vesicles or break down organelles in the cell or even the whole cell.

Mitochondrion

They produce ATP for the cell by aerobic cell respiration. Fat is digested here is being used as an energy source in the cell.

Chloroplast

They produce glucose and a wide variety of other organic compounds by photosynthesis. Starch grains may be present inside this organelle if they have been photosynthesizing rapidly.

Nucleus

Where DNA is replicated and transcribed to form mRNA, which is exported via its own pores to the cytoplasm.

Microtubules and centrioles

________ have a variety of roles, including moving chromosomes during cell division. ________ form an anchor point for _________ inside cilia and flagella.

Free Ribosomes

Synthesize protein, releasing it to work in the cytoplasm, as enzymes or in other ways. Are constructed in a region of the nucleus called the nucleolus.

Cilia and flagella

Can be used for locomotion. ________ can also be used to create a current in the fluid next to the cell.

Golgi apparatus

Processes proteins brought in vesicles from the rER. Most of these proteins are then carried in vesicles to the plasma membrane for secretion.

Vacuoles and vesicles

Some animals absorbs food from outside and digest them inside ________ to expel excess water. ________ are very small _________ used to transport materials inside the cell.