Evoltution

Lamarck and Darwin both agreed that organisms change over time and the process is linked to:

Environmental conditions

Tail length in mice varies within a population. Scientists observed change in the distribution of tail lengths in a mouse population over time. At the genetic level, what has most likely happened to the allele for the shortest tail lengths?

The allele for shorter tail length was less beneficial for the mice.

Which aspect of Lamarck's theory is incorrect?

acquired traits are inherited by offspring

Any trait that aids the chances of survival and reproduction of an organism.

adaption

A mutation occurs in the genes that code for coat color in deer. Which change will most likely result from this mutation?

an increase in coat-color diversity in the population

What is a structure that has the same function but different structure and is not used to show a relationship between 2 organisms?

analogous structure

Type of isolating mechanism: Herds of caribou misinterpret each other's mating behavior, so they fight instead of mate

behavioral isolation

Type of isolating mechanism: Species of birds have elaborate courtship dances, and females select the best dancers as mates.

behavioral isolation

Charles Darwin was best known in the 19th century for _______________________.

creating the idea of natural selection

Charles Darwin's ideas concerning the causes of evolution were probably formulated ______________________________.

during his voyage on the HMS Beagle, especially after he reached the Galapagos Islands

What are the random effects that can occur when a small population settles in an area away from the rest of the population and interbreeds; this produces unique genetic variations.

founder effect

Which two structures are homologous?

front leg of a dog and arm of a human

Type of isolating mechanism: Populations of the same species of seal live on islands too far apart to swim between them for mating.

geographical isolation

The alleles of the individuals best suited to a particular environment tend to ___________________.

increase in a population over time

The graphs illustrate change in a lizard population over time. Which process most likely led to the change in the lizard population?

natural selection for a trait that is beneficial to lizards

Which structure(s) are vestigial in humans? Check all that apply.

tail bone, wisdom teeth, tonsils, appendix

In North America, the eastern spotted skunk mates in late winter, and the western spotted skunk mates in late summer. Even though their geographic ranges overlap, the species do not mate with each other. What most likely prevents these two species from interbreeding?

temporal isolation

Type of isolating mechanism: Varieties of oak tree produce pollen during different seasons, so they can't pollinate one another.

temporal isolation

The skeletons of mammalian forelimbs represent variations of a structure. An analysis of DNA from these organisms would indicate that _____________________.

their nucleotide sequences show many similarities

What is a structure that is reduced in size and function; it may have been used in an ancestor?

vestigial structure