evolve chapter 28

Which drug acts by inhibiting the enzyme carbonic anhydrase in the kidney?

Acetazolamide (Diamox)

Which diuretic drug acts on the ascending limb of the loop of Henle and the proximal and distal tubules?

Ethacrynic acid (Edecrin)

Which diuretic should be used to treat edema in a hospitalized pediatric patient with congenital heart disease?

Ethacrynic acid (Edecrin)

What are the serious adverse effects of furosemide (Lasix)? Select all that apply.

Hyperuricemia Pruritus

Which gastrointestinal adverse effect of furosemide (Lasix) is most common?

Oral irritation

Which diuretic is used to reduce intraocular pressure associated with glaucoma?

Acetazolamide

Which drug acts by increasing renal blood flow into the glomeruli and inhibiting electrolyte absorption in the proximal tubule?

Bumetanide (Bumex)

What is the significant sign of dehydration in a patient with diuresis?

Crusted lips

Which diuretic blocks the exchange of potassium for sodium in the distal tubule of the kidney?

Triamterene (Dyrenium)

Which statements regarding triamterene (Dyrenium) are true? Select all that apply.

1,4,5 Triamterene (Dyrenium) is a very mild diuretic that acts by blocking the exchange of potassium for sodium. Common side effects of triamterene (Dyrenium) include electrolyte imbalance, dehydration, leg cramps, and weakness. Triamterene (Dyrenium) helps reduce edema and improves symptoms related to excessive fluid accumulation.

Which adverse effects can occur if a patient is administered ethacrynic acid (Edecrin) intravenously? Select all that apply.

Dark, tarry stools Coffee-ground vomitus

Which is a serious adverse gastrointestinal effect of spironolactone (Aldactone)?

Diarrhea

Which actions are related to ethacrynic acid? Select all that apply.

Diuretic activity lasts for 6 to 8 hours. The drug action is on the proximal and distal tubules.

Which drug is used in combination with 0.9% sodium chloride infusions to enhance the excretion of calcium in patients with hypercalcemia? Select all that apply.

Furosemide (Lasix) Ethacrynic acid (Edecrin)

What are the common adverse effects of the combination diuretics spironolactone (Aldactone) and hydrochlorothiazide (HydroDIURUIL)? Select all that apply.

Hyponatremia Hyperkalemia

Which drug inhibits the diuretic activity of ethacrynic acid?

Indomethacin

What are the advantages of combination products used for diuresis? Select all that apply.

Promotion of diuresis and antihypertensive effects Maintenance of normal serum potassium levels in the body

Which drug might have led to a male patient developing gynecomastia?

Spironolactone (Aldactazide)

Which drug is particularly useful for relieving edema and ascites in patients who do not respond to the usual diuretics?

Spironolactone (Aldactone)

Which drug is an effective agent to use in conjunction with potassium-sparing diuretics?

Triamterene (Dyrenium)

Which statements are true regarding spironolactone? Select all that apply.

last 3 Gynecomastia and reduced libido are known adverse effects of spironolactone. Correct4 Spironolactone causes increased amounts of sodium and water to be excreted, but potassium is retained. Correct5 When spironolactone and an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor are taken concurrently, there is a reduction in mortality of patients with heart failure.