EVR 1001 Chapter 9
Today's system of national forests consists of 77 million ha (190 million acres), managed by the U.S. Forest Service and covering more than __________% of the nation's land area.
8
You own 500 acres of forest and decide to sell the carbon as credits. Which of the following would most likely be interested in purchasing them from you?
A coal-fired power plant
You own 700 acres of forest and are interested in entering the carbon market. Which of the following will you need to have done on your land?
A thorough inventory of trees.
Based on population and consumption trends, which region would have had the highest paper consumption in the year 2010?
Asia, due to rising population and rising consumption rates
An initial review of the environmental assessment in the 1002 area indicates substantial damage is likely. Which of the following agencies will determine what happens next?
Bureau of Land Management
Based on the data in the graph, in which region(s) did forest area as a proportion of total land area increase between 1990 and 2015? Select all that apply.
Europe and North America Central and South Asia Eastern and Southeastern Asia
This figure shows population growth over time for a harvestable resource. Which of the following graphs depicts the population growth rate for this population?
Figure E: BELL CURVE
A fire hits an old forest with large, old trees. A large section of the forest is burnt down. Over many years, new, immature trees replace the old ones. How can the new area be characterized?
It is a secondary forest.
Why are small, privately owned forests a target for carbon markets?
They store large quantities of carbon.
What is most likely to happen to market prices for carbon as the Paris climate deal is put into place worldwide?
They will go up.
What is the difference between biosphere reserves and other protected areas?
Local people are allowed to live in and harvest resources from the outer areas of the reserve.
"Edge effects" become particularly problematic when ________.
formerly large habitats are reduced to small fragments
Salvage logging is most likely to do which of the following?
increase soil erosion
What are corridors?
protected lands that allow animals to travel between islands of habitat
Fire history in an open pine woodland ecosystem would be best determined by ________.
tree ring scars
Many environmental advocates believe that biofuel made from palm oil is not an appropriate replacement for fossil fuels such as petroleum because ________.
tropical forests must be cleared to plant oil palms
You are part of a Fish and Wildlife Service team doing seismic testing. Which season is best for your team to work to cause the least amount of damage?
winter
The first national park was ________.
yellowstone
In the year 2000Africa had a population of 840 million peopleAsia had a population of 3,766 million peopleNorth America had a population of 319 million people Which region had the highest per capita paper use in 2000?
North America
Forest Management: Which three regions used the most paper overall for the entire time period represented on the graph?
North America, Europe, Asia
________ are replacing primary forests in much of southeast Asia.
Oil palm plantations
Which of the following is true?: Oil Exploration Cut
Old seismic testing techniques left tracks that can still be seen 30 years later.
If the Tongass is logged, which of the following will occur?
Overall, the forest will switch from sequestering carbon to emitting it.
If the 2019 Roadless Area Conservation Act is passed, which of the following will occur?
Extraction of resources on federally owned public lands will decrease as states lose some control of them.
Which of the following is true? CURRENT EVENTS: Oil Exploration scars
As climate change continues, the permafrost will get wetter causing more thawing.
What environmental issue, partially affected by human activities, is directly threatening to cause problems for our forest protection efforts?
climate change
Land trusts are ________.
private nonprofit groups
You are a U.S. senator who plans to introduce an updated version of the Organic Administration Act of 1897. What scientific information would be useful for rewriting the original law?
Research on the effects of logging on ecosystem services provided by forests
If Congress listened to the majority of Americans, which of the following would occur?
The Roadless Rule would remain.
When will a population grow most rapidly?
When it is at 50% of carrying capacity
Forests cover ___________ of Earth's land surface.
31%
Approximately how many tons of paper and paperboard were consumed worldwide in 1970?
130 million tons
Now calculate the tons of paper and paperboard consumed worldwide in 2000. Use your answer to this question and your answer from Part B to calculate the approximate percentage change in consumption from 1970 to 2000.
170%
Dale Bosworth describes several reasons why America's national forests are not pristine landscapes. Which of the following reasons does he include in his essay?
American Indians have managed forests for thousands of years through the use of fire.
Matthew Koehler includes several statistics about impacts of logging in national forests. Which of the following statements describe an ecological impact of logging?
Approximately 50% of riparian areas require restoration due to logging and other land uses.
You are an employee of the Colorado Environmental Protection Agency. Which of the following states would be best to look into as you state explores the idea of creating a market for carbon?
California
Most commercial logging today takes place in ________.
Canada, Russia, Indonesia, and Brazil
Which of the following regions of the world is the most threatened by desertification?
Central and Southwest Asia
Both authors describe the unhealthy state of forests but describe very different solutions. Which of the following answers list Koehler's primary solution and Bosworth's primary solution?
Koehler: ecological restoration; Bosworth: active management (tree thinning)
Based on the mission of your organization and these recent trends, which of the following regions would you prioritize for forest conservation efforts in the future?
Latin America and the Caribbean
Based on the distribution of salinization in Australia and South America, which agricultural type is most at risk from groundwater salinization?
Livestock ranching
Although Koehler and Bosworth disagree about the role of logging in U.S. national forests, their essays suggest one potential point of agreement. Which of the following statements would both authors support?
Removing some trees from forests can reduce the threat of wildfire in protected areas.
Which of the following agriculture practices in Sub-Saharan Africa are most associated with areas of serious concern for soil degradation?
Shifting cultivation
Which of the following statements is true regarding the edge effect in the Amazon?
Small fragmented populations lose more species and lose them faster than large fragmented populations.
Which of the following is a consequence of clearing forests for agriculture purposes?
Soil erosion increases because the tree roots and other vegetation that stabilize the soil have been removed.
The agency in charge of the Roadless Rule holds open forums in the areas surrounding the Tongass. Who is running these meetings?
United States Department of Agriculture
This study strongly suggests which of the following is true?
The populations of some species can be reproductively isolated in an urban setting.
Regarding evolution in urban areas, which of the following is true?
There are many evolutionary mechanisms for change.
You study mosquitoes found in the Oslo, Norway subway system. You find they are very similar to those found in the London subway system. Which of the following is true?
They are not dormant.
Why are bedbugs much more common today than 30 years ago?
They have developed resistance to pesticides.
How do resource managers achieve maximum sustainable yield?
They keep the population at 50% of the carrying capacity, thus maximizing the growth rate.
Within which country did the world's first national parks open?
United States
Your cousin thinks the Tongass should be logged. Who is most likely to agree with them?
an Alaskan Forest Association board member
This figure shows population growth over time for a harvestable resource. At what two population sizes would this population be experiencing the same population growth rate?
at 1/4 and 3/4 of the carrying capacity
Which of the following is most likely to support seismic testing in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge?
exxon mobil
Most of the areas in the Sahel experiencing "very high" desertification risk occur in what land cover type?
grasslands
The Forest Stewardship Council ________ national forest land.
has rigorous standards to certify that forest products are produced sustainably on
If the Sky Islands become warmer and drier, the species that live at lower elevation will ________.
move into and dominate the altered sky islands
Use the data from the graph to calculate absolute change and relative change in protected forest between 1990 and 2015 in each climatic domain. Match the values with the correct climatic domain in the table.
pic on computer
This figure shows population growth over time for a harvestable resource. The point on the curve at the top right of the graph indicates the ________.
population size where births in the population exactly offset deaths
An effective strategy for protecting the endemic species of the Sky Islands could be to ________.
protect as many adjacent Sky Islands as possible, giving wildlife corridors to move between mountaintops
Clear-cutting ________.
removes all trees from an area
Which of the following is the largest concern when it comes to mosquitoes in urban areas?
spread of disease
In recent years, global climate change has caused more severe droughts in the western United States, resulting in ________.
trees being weakened and stressed, making them more susceptible to bark beetle infestation