EX3 Disease #2 Scarlet fever

What is the causative agent of Scarlet Fever

Streptococcus pyogenes (Erythrogenic toxin-producing strain)

What is the virulence factor of Scarlet Fever

-Exotoxin -Erythrogenic (reddening) exotoxin which causes redness and lysogeny

What are the incidence and prevalence of disease of Scarlet Fever

1830-1880 pandemic was the most common cause of death in children. Spontaneous reduction in virulence and penicillin brought down incidence

What is the treatment for Scarlet Fever

Antibiotics (penicillin)

What is the classification of this disease of Scarlet Fever

Bacteria

What is the gram stain of Scarlet Fever

Gram positive (in chains)

What is the characteristic of the causative agent of Scarlet Fever

Group A Beta hemolytic streptococci

What is the mode of transmission

Human droplet (Respiratory secretions)

What causes "strawberry tongue"?

The tongue has a spotted, strawberry-like appearance due to the toxin being lysogenized by a bacteriophage. The genetic information of the bacteriophage has been incorporated into the chromosome of the bacterium, so the characteristics of the bacterium are altered. The toxin causes a pinkish red skin rash, which is the skin's hypersensitivity reaction to the circulation toxin and a high fever. as the tongue loses its upper membrane, it become very red and enlarged.

What are the signs and symptoms of Scarlet Fever

Toxemia causees hypersensitive reaction: high fever, skin rash, "strawberry tongue"