Exam 1

What specific type of tissue makes up the epidermis of the skin?

Stratified squamous epithelium

Which layer of the epidermis is seen only in thick skin?

Stratum lucidum

The cells of the epidermis that are antigen-presenting cells of the immune system are the cells.

Langerhan

Which cell type is part of the immune system?

Langerhans cells

The stratum lucidum ______.

appears transparent has dispersed keratohyalin around keratin fibers

Apocrine sweat glands become active ______.

beginning at puberty

The heel is referred to as the_________ region.

calcaneal

On a hair, the outermost layer is composed of single layer of cells with overlapping edges. This layer is called the ______.

cuticle

Fingerprints and footprints are the external expression of the ______.

dermal papillae

Cells in the stratum spinosum are nourished by blood vessels located in the ______.

dermis

The structural strength of the skin is predominately the responsibility of the ______.

dermis

The gallbladder, salivary glands, and the esophagus are organs of the

digestive

The ______ are found in the abdominal cavity.

digestive organs

The hypodermis, or subcutaneous tissue, is located ______.

directly deep to the skin

Body temperature regulation is a function of the _____ glands.

eccrine

Sweat glands that are simple, coiled, tubular glands opening directly onto the surface of the skin of the palms and soles through sweat pores are _____ sweat glands.

eccrine

Sweating is important in thermoregulation as well as:

excretion of waste

The skin, its accessory glands, and hair are all part of the ______ system.

integumentary

Thermoregulation, sensory reception, vitamin D production and protection are all functions of the ______.

integumentary system

The cuticle of a hair ______.

is the outermost single layer of cells with hard keratin

The majority of cells found in the epidermis are ______.

keratinocytes

The granules in the cells of the stratum granulosum are made of ______.

keratohyalin

By the fifth or sixth month of fetal development, delicate, unpigmented hair called the________ has developed and covers the fetus.

lanugo

The forearm (elbow to wrist) is the _______ region.

antebrachial

Select all that apply The functions of vitamin D include ______. A.promoting calcium and phosphate release from bones. B.reducing calcium loss from the kidneys. C.stimulating the production of melanin. D.stimulating the uptake of calcium and phosphate from the intestines.

A B & D

Select the mechanisms the skin uses to limit the movement of microorganisms into the body. Select all that apply. Multiple select question. A.Langerhans cells B.Deposition of melanin and carotene C.Tight junctions between epidermal cells D.Avascular nature of the epidermis

A C & D

Select all that apply Indicate the statements that describe the function of sebum. A.Prevents the drying of the skin surface B.Protects against some bacteria C.Secretion increases in times of emotional distress D.Helps regulate body temperature

A&B

Select all that apply Identify the functions of the integumentary system. A.Thermoregulation B.Vitamin E synthesis C.Blood cell production D.Sensation of environmental stimuli E.Resistance to infection

A, D & E

The trunk consists of what three body regions?

Abdomen Pelvis Thorax

Select all that apply Select the items that describe Merkel cells. A.Irregularly shaped cells with long processes that extend between the keratinocytes of the stratum basale and the stratum spinosum B.Detect light touch and superficial pressure changes C.Specialized epidermal cells associated with nerve endings D.Contribute to skin color

B & C

Select the major glands of the skin. A.Arrector glands B.Sweat glands C.Endocrine glands D.Sebaceous glands

B & D

Select all that apply Identify the properties that help the skin prevent microorganisms and other foreign substances from entering the body. Select all that apply. A. The high proportion of collagen fibers in the dermis retard the movement of pathogens. B.The lack of blood vessels in the epidermis limits access to central circulation. C.Multiple layers of dead cells make it difficult for pathogens to enter. D.Secretions from skin glands produce an environment unsuitable for some microorganisms.

B C & D

Select all that apply Select the regions that are composed of loose connective tissue. A.Reticular layer of the dermis B.Papillary layer of dermis C.Subcutaneous tissue or hypodermis D.Epidermis of the skin

B&C

Name an organ located in the pelvic cavity.

Bladder

Identify locations of serous membranes.

Covering organs within trunk cavities. Lining the trunk cavities.

Identify the components of the integumentary system.

Cutaneous glands Skin Nail Hair

Describe lanugo.

Delicate, unpigmented hair that covers the fetus during development

What portion of a feedback mechanism carries out a response to change a body variable?

Effector

Identify the layer associated with the integument that is avascular.

Epidermis

Name the layer from which fingernails and toenails are derived.

Epidermis

Isabella has pain in her lumbar region. Where is her pain?

In her lower back

Benjamin needed surgery in the cranial region. He needed surgery where?

In his head

Lucas has a cramp in his crural area. Where is his cramp?

In his lower leg

Protection of underlying tissues, production of vitamin D, and regulation of body temperatures are all functions of what body system?

Integumentary

Which statements describe the stratum basale?

It is attached to the basement membrane. It is made up of a single layer of cells.

The cells of the epidermis that are responsible for detecting light touch and superficial pressure are the ____ Cells

Merkel

Describe the stratum lucidum.

Observed only in thick skin

Indicate the areas that contain eccrine sweat glands.

Soles Axillae Palms

What subdivisions of the body are created when a vertical line and a horizontal line divide the abdomen into four sections?

Quadrants

Identify the function of the control center within a feedback mechanism.

Receives and processes information.

Identify any material that is LOST through the skin.

Salts Urea Water

True or False: The pelvic region is the inferior-most region of the trunk.

True

Describe the components of sweat when it reaches the surface of the skin.

Water, urea, sodium chloride, and ammonia

Growth is _____.

an overall enlargement of an organism

Homeostasis is the body's ability to maintain _____.

a relatively stable internal condition

The sweat glands are considered _______ skin structures.

accessory

Receptors in the skin can detect all but _____.

acidity

Thick skin is found covering the ______.

finger tips tips of toes palms of hands soles of feet

The buttocks forms the ______ region of the body.

gluteal

The characteristic of living organisms that accounts for the increase in body size is called ______.

growth

Hair is produced in cycles that involve a _____ stage and a _____ stage.

growth, resting

An example of a structure located in the mediastinum is the ______.

heart

The tip of the nose is ______ and ______ to the eyes.

inferior medial

A cut through the long axis of an organ is a(n) ______.

longitudinal section

The subcutaneous tissue is largely composed of adipose tissue and _____ tissue

loose connective

The term for the region of the lower back between the ribs and the pelvis is ______.

lumbar

The entire hand is referred to as the _____ region

manual

Using nutrients from food as a source of energy is an example of an organism's ______.

metabolism

The plane that cuts through the body lengthwise and divides it into equal left and right halves is ______.

midsagittal (median)

Body temperature decreases. Shivering occurs. Body temperature increases. This is an example of _____ feedback.

negative

The lower posterior region of the head is the ______ region.

occipital

Epithelial tissue, connective tissue, nervous tissue, and muscle tissue make up a structure. This structure would be considered a(n) ______.

organ

A living thing considered as a whole is a living

organism

The most superficial dermal layer is the _______ layer.

papillary

The foot is referred to as the _______region of the body.

pedal

The reproductive organ are found in the______ cavity

pelvic

The term referring to the area behind the knee is ______.

popliteal

The thickness of the skin is an important factor for ______.

protecting against abrasion

Negative feedback is a mechanism that ______.

reverses the change and maintains homeostasis

The posterior area between the hip bones is the________ region of the body.

sacral

A lengthwise cut that separates the body into left and right portions is a ______ plane.

sagittal

An oily, white substance rich in lipids that lubricates the hair and the skin surfaces thereby preventing drying is called

sebum

Oliver has a vertebral tumor. His tumor is associated with the ______.

spinal column

The deepest layer of the epidermis is the ______.

stratum basale

The most superficial layer of the epidermis is the ______.

stratum corneum

Glands in the skin designated as eccrine or apocrine glands are types of _________glands.

sudoriferous(sweat)

The two major glands of the skin are the______ glands and the _____ glands.

sweat(sebaceous) & Oil(sudoriferous)

Mia has a scrape on her femoral region. She has a scrape on her ______.

thigh

Fingernails are comprised of ______.

thin, dead scaly epidermal cells

The chest is referred to as the ______.

thorax

Charlotte is having abdominal pain. She is having pain between her ______.

thorax and pelvis

A longitudinal section cuts an organ ______.

through its entire length

A cut through the body parallel to the floor that divides the body into superior and inferior parts is called a ______ plane.

transverse

What is the term used for body conditions, such as temperature and blood pressure, that must remain within a narrow range and also can change?

variable

Near the time of birth, lanugo hair is replaced by _____ hairs which are short, fine, and usually unpigmented, and _____ hairs which are typically long, coarse, and pigmented.

vellus, terminal