Exam 1

Facilitated diffusion and active transport differ in that A) facilitated diffusion uses cell membrane proteins to move substances, whereas active transport does not. B) facilitated diffusion uses a substrate to bind to a protein carrier, whereas active transport does not. C) ATP is necessary for active transport, but not for facilitated diffusion. D)facilitated diffusion moves water across the cell membrane, whereas active transport does not. E) potential energy is required for active transport but not for facilitated diffusion

C) ATP is necessary for active transport, but not for facilitated diffusion.

In a normal kidney, which of the following conditions would cause an increase in the glomerular filtration rate (GFR)? A) constriction of the afferent arteriole B) a decrease in the hydraulic pressure of the glomerulus C) an increase in the capsular hydraulic pressure D) a decrease in the concentration of plasma proteins in the blood E) a decrease in the net glomerular filtration pressure

D) a decrease in the concentration of plasma proteins in the blood

Which of the following cytoskeleton components are responsible for the movement of chromosomes during cell division? A)microfilaments B) intermediate filaments C) thick filaments D) microtubules E) All of the answers are correct

D) microtubules

Most of the ATP required to power cellular operations is produced in the A) ribosomes. B) endoplasmic reticulum. C) nucleus. D) mitochondria. E) Golgi apparatus

D) mitochondria.

The release of many GI tract hormones is stimulated by a particular food or substance. Which hormone is INCORRECTLY paired with its stimulus? A) CCK—fatty foods B) secretin—acid in the small intestine C) GIP—glucose in the small intestine D) motilin—acid in the stomach E) gastrin—peptides, increased sympathetic activity

D) motilin—acid in the stomach

Which type of graph is best to explore a relationship between race finish time and vitamin dose? A) bar graph B) line graph C) scatter plot

C) scatter plot

Digestion is essentially completed in the______

small intestine

One substance has no membrane transporters to move it but can diffuse freely through open leak channels if there is a concentration gradient. Initially, this substance's concentrations in the filtrate and extracellular fluid are equal. Later, however, the active transport of Na+ and other solutes creates a gradient by removing water from the lumen of the tubule where it is located. What substance is this? A) glucose B) calcium C) urea

C) urea

A technique used to resolve contradictory results in scientific studies is A) meta-analysis. B) retrospective analysis. C) prospective analysis. D) cross-sectional analysis. E) longitudinal analysis

A) meta-analysis.

Which of the following is a way for solutes in an aqueous solution to move from an area of high solute concentration to an area of low solute concentration? A) only facilitated diffusion B) only osmosis C) only active transport D) both facilitated diffusion and osmosis E) None of the answers are correct

A) only facilitated diffusion

In the digestive system, HCl is released by ________, whereas HCO3-is secreted primarily from the ________. A) parietal cells of the stomach, pancreas B) the pancreas,parietal cells of the stomach C) parietal cells of the stomach, liver D) the liver, parietal cells of the stomach

A) parietal cells of the stomach, pancreas

What are the two extracellular fluid compartments in the body? A) intracellular and plasma B) plasma and interstitial C) interstitial and intracellular D) plasma and the fluid portion of the blood E) None of the answers are correct

B) plasma and interstitial

The term meaning programmed cell death is A) necrosis. B) apoptosis C) oncogenesis. D) diuresis. E) cytocide

B) apoptosis

A study in which a participant acts as an experimental subject in part of the experiment and a control in another part of the experiment is called what? A) doubleblind study B) crossover study C) meta-analysis study D) retrospective study

B) crossover study

An obstruction in a glomerulus would affect the flow of blood into the A) renal artery. B) efferent arteriole. C) afferent arteriole. D) renal vein.

B) efferent arteriole

Substances that readily dissolve in water and do not readily dissolve in lipids are A) hydrophobic and lipophobic. B) hydrophilic and lipophobic. C) hydrophobic and lipophilic. D) hydrophilic and lipophilic

B) hydrophilic and lipophobic

Water will always move from ________ areas to ________ areas, if there are no impermeable barriers. A) hyperosmotic, hyposmotic B) hyposmotic, hyperosmotic C) isosmotic, hyposmotic D) hyperosmotic, isosmotic

B) hyposmotic, hyperosmotic

Movement of material between cells is known as the ________ pathway. A) transcellular B) paracellular C) metacellular D) transendothelial E) cisendothelial

B) paracellular

In response to the hormone secretin, the pancreas secretes a fluid A) rich in enzymes. B) rich in bicarbonate. C) rich in bile. D) that contains only proteases. E) that contains only amylase

B) rich in bicarbonate.

A rattlesnake is 2.44 m long. How many millimeters long is the snake? A.2440 mm B.244 mm C.24.4 mm D.0.244 mm

A.2440 mm

List the forces that influence filtration across the walls of glomerular capillaries

1. hydrostatic pressure 2. colloid osmotic pressure 3. hydrostatic fluid pressure

Measurements in a nephron reveal a glomerular hydraulic pressure of 69 mm Hg, and a fluid pressure in the Bowman's capsule of 15 mm Hg. Assuming that the plasma osmotic pressure is 30 mm Hg, and that essentially no plasma proteins are filtered by the glomerulus, what is the net glomerular filtration pressure in this case? A)-6 mm Hg B) 24 mm Hg C) 54 mm Hg D) 84 mm Hg E) 114 mm Hg

B) 24 mm Hg

A placebo is A) any drug being tested in a clinical trial. B) any drug in a class of drugs commonly used as pain relievers. C) a drug or treatment that is expected to have no pharmacological effect. D) a nutritive and respiratory organ in fetal development. E) a hole in a cavity wall through which an organ protrudes

C) a drug or treatment that is expected to have no pharmacological effect.

If a cell lacked lysosomes, it would not be able to A) synthesize lipids. B) produce enzymes. C) digest cellular wastes and bacteria. D) destroy H2O2 E) transport water-soluble molecules

C) digest cellular wastes and bacteria

The means by which a cell transports large molecules out of the cell is called A) phagocytosis. B) endocytosis. C) exocytosis. D) diffusion. E) active transport

C) exocytosis.

A scientifically logical guess is a A) model. B) theory. C) hypothesis. D) law. E) variable.

C) hypothesis.

Homeostasis is the ability of the body to A) prevent the external environment from changing. B) prevent the internal environment from changing. C) quickly restore changed conditions to normal. D) ignore external stimuli to remain in a state of rest. E) prevent excessive blood loss

C) quickly restore changed conditions to normal.

Which of the following is NOT a function of membrane proteins? A) bind to ligands B) regulate the passage of ions C) act as transport molecules for various solutes D) anchor or stabilize the cell membrane E) produce energy

E) produce energy

An enzyme that will digest proteins into peptides is A) lipase. B) amylase. C) nuclease. D) maltase. E) trypsin

E) trypsin

A solution with a high concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) A.Is an acid B.Is a base C.Has a low pH D.Has a high pH E.Both A & C

E.Both A & C

A person with cirrhosis of the liver has lower than normal levels of plasma proteins and a higher than normal GFR. Explain why a decrease in plasma protein concentration would cause an increase in GFR

If a person has fewer plasma proteins due to liver disease, the plasma will have a lower osmotic pressure. With less osmotic pressure opposing the GFR, GFR will increase

Digestive reflexes originating in the CNS are called________

long reflexes