Exam 1 computer concepts quiz 1 chapter 1
what is the purpose of a complier
1) translating application programs into system programs 2) translating high-level language into machine language 3) translating FORTRAN and COBOL 4) translating machine language into assembly language 5) translating machine language into FORTRAN
which decade was the first generation of computers developed
1950s
miller's law states that a human being can actively manage about _____ plus or minus two pieces of information in short-term memory at one time
7
how many pieces of information can a human being actively manage in short term memory at once?
7 +- 2
The ____ programming language was designed by Sun Microsystems in the 1990s
Java
a(n) ______ is a mental model that removes complex details
abstraction
which of the following phrases best describes a turing machine
an abstract mathematical model of computing
charles babbage invented which early computing device
analytical engine
steve wozniak and steve jobs started the ____ computer company in the fourth generation of computing hardware
apple
_____ language created a buffer between the programmer and the machine hardware by the end of the first generation of computer software
assembly
______ language created a buffer between the programmer and the machine hardware by the end of the first generation of computer software
assembly
which language is built into the electrical circuitry of a computer
assembly language
who designed the first mechanical machine that included memory
babbage
in the earliest electronic computers, programmers had to write machine language code expressed as ____ digits
binary
in the earliest electronic computers, programmers had to write machine language code expressed as _____ digits
binary
who was ada lovelace's father
byron
_____ is considered by many to be the first all-programmable electronic digital computer
colossus
a(n) _____ system uses integrated computing technology to run or regulate devices such as toasters, cars, and satellites
embedded
in 1973, robert metcalfe and david boggs invented ______, which used a cheap coaxial cable to connect computers into a network
ethernet
A computer with a parallel architecture uses multiple transistors to solve a problem
false
A vacuum tube was a device used in the first generation of computers to link computers together into a network
false
an embedded system describes computing technology that has been enclosed in protective shielding for security reasons
false
large-scale integration is the process of using multiple input devices on a single computer
false
the abacus was the world's first electronic digital computer
false
the most prestigious award given in computer science is called the fields medal
false
the topic areas in the 1989 computer science curriculum model are the same as those in the 2001 model
false
to which software generation does HTML for the web belong
fifth
to which software generation does java belong
fifth
to which hardware generation do magnetic tape drives belong
first
to which hardware generation does magnetic drum belong to
first
to which software generation do assemblers belong
first
to which hardware generation does networking belong
fourth
to which hardware generation does parallel computing belong
fourth
to which hardware generation does personal computers belong to
fourth
to which software generation do spreadsheet belong
fourth
to which software generation does C++ belong
fourth
to which software generation does PC-DOS belong
fourth
to which software generation does structured programming belong
fourth
information ____ is a technique for isolating program pieces by eliminating the ability for one piece to access information in another
hiding
information ______ is a technique for isolating program pieces by eliminating the ability for one piece to access information in another
hiding
FORTRAN and COBOL are two of the earliest ______ programming languages
high-level
who is associated with IBM
hollerith
who developed the concept of punched holes used in weaving cloth
jacquard
the eighteenth-century device that used cards with holes punched in them to dictate the design of woven cloth was known as_____
jacquard's loom
who built the first mechanical machine that did addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division
leibniz
who edited babbage's work
lovelace
who is considered the first programmer
lovelace
the set of instructions that each type of computer is designed to understand is called _____ language
machine
which of the following are tiny doughnut-shaped devices that could each store one bit of information in second-generation computer memory
magnetic cores
by what name are input devices, output devices, and auxiliary storage devices collectively known
peripheral devices
a computer with a parallel architecture uses multiple central _____ units to solve a problem
processing
in which software generation were the FORTRAN and COBOL languages developed
second
to which hardware generation does magnetic core memory belong to
second
to which software generation does lisp belong to
second
time _____ sharing allows many users at different terminals to communicate with a single computer at the same time
sharing
_____ has been considered an astronomical calendar, a temple, and a predictor of lunar eclipses
stonehenge
the computer's operating system and language translators are generally known as ____ software
systems
to which hardware generation do circuit boards belong
third
to which software generation do loaders/linkers bundled into operating system belong
third
to which software generation do operating systems belong
third
to which software generation does SPSS belong
third
to which software generation does time sharing belong
third
John Bardeen, Walter H. Brattain, and William B. Shockley won a nobel prize for inventing the _____
transistor
what device replaced vacuum tube
transistor
what is the purpose of a complier
translating high-level language into machine language
a computer that has parallel architecture uses multiple central processing units
true
a high-level language is more english-like than assembly language
true
a systems programmer writes programs that make it easier for others to program
true
ada augusta, countess of lovelace, is credited with being the first programmer
true
an abstraction is a mental model that removes or hides complex details
true
an algorithm allows us to develop and express solutions to problems
true
an assembler translates assembly-language programs into machine code
true
computer software is a collection of programs that provides instructions that a computer carries out
true
magnetic disks were introduced in the second generation of computer hardware
true
object-oriented design is currently the dominant approach for large programming projects
true
spreadsheets and word processors are known as software applications
true
the fourth generation of computer hardware was characterized by large-scale integration
true
the internet developed from a U.S. government-sponsored network called ARPANET
true
the personal computer was introduced in the fourth generation of computer software
true
the transistor ushered in the second generation of commercial computers
true
the most prestigious award given in computer science is called the _____ award
turing
who would have been mentioned in the book the code breakers
turing
first generation computers were built using _____ tubes to store information
vacuum
which of the following is an application package assembly language word processor c++ object oriented program FORTRAN
word processor
