Exam 1 Material
The ingredient list must include which of the following information?
all ingredients included in the packaged food item listed in descending order of predominance by weight
Excessive consumption of saturated fat or trans-fat may result in
an increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease.
Where are trans-fatty acids found most abundantly?
animal foods
Which of the following proteins helps the body maintain its resistance to disease?
antibodies
One reason why proteins in fluids can determine the fluids' distribution in living systems is that proteins are:
attracted to water.
8. Energy density is calculated as total kcals divided by total grams of food. What is the energy density of this breakfast menu?
b. 0.88 kcal/g
Tim must consult the government's standards to develop a healthy eating plan for the residents of the facility. Which of the following would be most useful to consult when developing an eating plan for this group of people? - deficiency guidelines - estimated average requirements - adequate intakes - estimated energy requirement - tolerable upper intake levels
NOT estimated energy requirement
Which of the following contains foods from each of the USDA food groups and would be considered a healthy breakfast for Tim's residents?
NOT oatmeal with 2% milk and a hard-boiled egg
As part of a project for their nutrition class, a group of students is asked to design and evaluate a granola bar food label to reflect the FDA's updated Nutrition Facts panel. They decide to begin with the ingredient list. Which of the following ingredient lists is the most nutrient-dense?
NOT out flour, corn, honey
Which of the following should Mario avoid to reduce his chances of contracting Listeria intoxication?
NOT rare steak
Which food item would be most important for Mario to avoid while he has a weakened immune system?
NOT steamed shellfish MAYBE kefir
How do fats exit the GI tract after being absorbed by the intestinal cells?
They are assembled into chylomicrons and actively transported out of the intestinal cells into the lymph.
Introduction Below is Jin Tanek's profile and what he ate for breakfast. He entered his profile information and food intake into Diet & Wellness Plus and then pulled Diet & Wellness Plus Reports. View Jin's Daily Food Log and Intake Spreadsheet Reports and then answer the questions below. Profile for Jin Tanek Age: 34 years old Gender: Male Height: 5 feet, 6 inches Weight: 175 lbs Not Pregnant Smoker, Non-Strict Vegetarian/Vegan Activity Level: Low Active Breakfast Bagel, Plain, Enriched, Toasted (1) Cream Cheese (3 T) Bacon, Pork or Pork Side, Cooked (3 sl.) Syrup, Pancake, 2% Maple (0.25c) Coffee, Brewed (16 fl. Oz.) Apple, Medium (1)
Use for next 10 questions
Which of the following statements is true regarding the effect of alcohol on body weight?
Alcohol slows down the body's use of fat, causing more fat to be stored.
Starting at the mouth and moving toward the anus, what is the correct order of the organs of the GI tract?
esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine
The data collected in nutrition surveys are used by the government to:
establish public policy on nutrition education.
true or false: "Spot reducing" can be achieved by choosing the right resistance training activities.
false
true or false: Amino acid supplements are assumed safe for all people despite limited research.
false
true or false: Double bonds increase a fatty acid's stability which in turn promotes a longer shelf life.
false
true or false: Minerals and water are organic and yield energy in the human body.
false
true or false: Over the past five decades, obesity rates have increased for female children but have stayed the same for male children.
false
true or false: Sphincters are muscles that contract to churn and mix food within the stomach.
false
true or false: The DV recommendation for daily fiber intake can be met by consuming 1 cup of broccoli (3g fiber), 1 cup of strawberries (2g fiber), 1oz 100 percent bran cereal (10g fiber), and 1/2 cup of black beans (8g fiber) during the day.
false
true or false: The stomach is the body's major site for nutrient absorption.
false
true or false: Treatments that promote long-term behavior changes to improve health are based on nutrition-related false claims.
false
true or false: Vitamins, carbohydrates, and proteins all provide energy to the body.
false
A healthy dietary pattern that promotes weight loss encourages intake of
fewer nutrient-dense foods.
Taylor has been overweight for many years. She wants to make healthier food choices but the stores that sell food in her local community don't usually have fresh produce. The food she was to choose from to purchase is mainly inexpensive and energy-dense processed snack foods. Which of the following could explain Susie's problem of overweight?
food dessert
Three monosaccharides important in nutrition are:
fructose, glucose, and galactose.
What hormone is secreted by cells of the stomach and stimulates the stomach glands to secrete the components of hydrochloric acid?
gastrin
The question of whether a person should lose weight depends on all the following except:
genetics
Surplus dietary carbohydrate is first stored as:
glycogen
Which of the following is a polysaccharide?
glycogen
A vegetarian must be careful about intakes of:
iron and zinc; they may be too low
Commercial freezing of seafood/fish will ____.
kill parasitic worms only
An expert in nutrition who has earned at least a bachelor degree in nutrition from an accredited university or college and completed coursework from the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics is given which name?
registered dietitian nutritionist
Which structure facilitates the absorption of nutrients?
microvilli
Which of the following provides the highest-quality protein?
milk
Which term refers to a characteristic of a nutritious diet that contributes to adequacy, balance, and kcalorie control?
moderation
The liquefying process of digestion begins in the _____.
mouth
The function of high-density lipoprotein is to _____.
move cholesterol from other body cells to the liver cells for breakdown
Enzymes from the intestine and pancreas work best in which type of environment?
neutral or slightly alkaline
Choose the radio button below the image that depicts an individual making a change in nutrition behavior that increases the nutrient richness of his/her diet.
ordering fast food from a drive-thru deciding to switch to... buying fresh food at a grocery store
Two or more cases of a similar illness resulting from the ingestion of a common food is considered a(n) ____?
outbreak
Which process involves the periodic squeezing or partitioning of the intestine by circular muscles of the GI tract?
segmentation
Which strategy would best protect Mario against foodborne illness?
refrigerate leftovers promptly
Which phrase is an example of a structure-function claim on a food label?
"calcium builds strong bones"
Day 2 dinner options: - alfredo sauce (white creamy sauce) - brown rice with shredded chicken breast and black beans - frozen yogurt - graham crackers - juice drink (10% fruit) - lean cuisine fiesta grilled chicken (seasoned and grilled white-meat chicken with santa fe style rice and beans) - orange juice - regular yogurt with fruit on the bottom - skim milk - white rice with shredded chicken breasts and black beans - yellow and orange bell peppers
- brown rice with shredded chicken breast and black beans - skim milk - yellow and orange bell peppers
Day 3 dinner options: - broccoli in cheese sauce - canned peaches in syrup - carrot sticks - cheeseburger with white hamburger bun, ground beef (80% fat), cheddar cheese - cheeseburger with whole wheat hamburger bun, ground beef (80% fat), cheddar cheese - french fries - frozen peas in butter sauce - grapes - pretzels - soda - strawberry nutri-grain cereal bar
- carrot sticks - frozen peas in butter sauce - grapes
Match the digestive organ with the associated function or role given below. (Note: Each organ can only be used once.)
- liver: manufactures bile - large intestine: absorbs water and minerals, Creates waste product - small intestine: the major site of nutrient absorption, Where most digestion and absorption occur, Approximately 10-feet in length - stomach: grinds and churns swallowed food, Mixes food with acid and enzymes, Mixes swallowed food with acid and enzymes - gallbladder: stores and concentrates bile - pancreas: Secretes enzymes to facilitate the digestion of all three macronutrients
The breakdown of food into nutrients requires secretions from different organs or glands. Many of these secretions contain enzymes or other compounds that break down one or more of the macronutrients. Five secretions involved in the digestive process are listed below. Choose the macronutrient(s) that each secretion either breaks down or facilitates the breakdown of. Note that some secretions may support the breakdown of more than one macronutrient.
- pancreatic juice: proteins, carbohydrates, lipids - gastric juice: proteins - saliva: carbohydrates - bile: lipids - intestinal juice: proteins, carbohydrates, lipids
Foods provide our bodies with the energy, structural materials, and regulating agents we need to live. Although the body can make some of its own nutrients, it must obtain others through foods. These are essential nutrients. Three of those provide our bodies with energy — carbohydrates, protein, and fat — and are referred to as macronutrients. The other three essential nutrients are vitamins, minerals, and water. They do not provide the body with energy, but all play significant and essential roles in the body. Match the nutrient term that corresponds with the description of the nutrient given below. (Note: Each word can only be used once.)
- protein: Minor fuel source with 4 kcal per gram - vitamins: Organic and easily destroyed by heat and light - fat: Has the highest energy density per gram - carbohydrate: Major energy source with 4 kcal per gram - minerals: Inorganic and indestructible - alcohol: One gram yields 7 kcals
Some foods are nutrient-rich, while others are energy-rich yet nutrient-poor. Whole foods are the most nutrient dense because nutrients are left intact, which supports the best satiety cues (for example, an orange vs. orange juice), and overall confer the best outcome physiologically. Three-day diet records are often used to get an idea of an individual's overall dietary habits to determine average daily caloric intake and how nutrient-rich the diet is. For the next three days, select the items that are richest in nutrients. Choose three items for each day's dinner. Day 1 Dinner Options: - Alfredo sauce (white creamy sauce) - broccoli in cheese sauce - frozen pizza - garlic bread - sausage - soda - steamed carrots - tea sweetened with sugar - water - white spaghetti pasta (regular) with meatballs - whole-grain spaghetti pasta with meatballs
- steamed carrots - water - whole-grain spaghetti pasta with meatballs
What percentage of the water entering the small intestine is not absorbed during the digestive process?
2
How many calories are in 13 grams fat?
117
Which of the following carbohydrate intakes falls within Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) range for an individual whose estimated energy needs are 2,500 calories?
155 grams carbohydrate
What is the recommended temperature that leftovers should be heated to in order to ensure food safety?
165°F
10. The MyPlate Analysis report includes goals to help "Vary Your Veggies." How many Dry Beans & Peas should Miya aim to eat weekly?
2.5 cups weekly
The granola bar contains 520 mg of sodium. What should be listed under the % Daily Value for this nutrient?
23%
Which of the following body mass index (BMI) values is typically associated with few weight-related health risks?
24
Tim is calculating the energy available from a soup that is served in the café. One cup of the soup provides 28 grams of carbohydrate, 12 grams of fat, and 5 grams of protein. How many calories does this soup provide?
240
What percentage of the water entering the small intestine is not absorbed during the digestive process?
3
What percentage of the water entering the small intestine is absorbed by the large intestine?
4
7. How much does Coffee, Brewed (16 fluid ounces) weigh?
474 g
What percentage of the water entering the small intestine is absorbed by the large intestine?
5
What is the minimum amount of dietary carbohydrate that an individual needs to consume on a daily basis to spare body protein and prevent ketosis?
50 to 100 grams
What percentage of the water entering the small intestine is absorbed by the large intestine?
6
Which of the following is equivalent to approximately 4 teaspoons of white sugar?
6 ounces carbonated non-diet soft drink
How many ounces of fish do the AHA Dietary Guidelines recommend that individuals consume each week?
7 ounces
What percentage of the water entering the small intestine is absorbed by the small intestine?
92
What percentage of the water entering the small intestine is absorbed by the small intestine?
92%
What percentage of the water entering the small intestine is absorbed by the small intestine?
94
Which of the following is a component of the national goals to combat obesity?
Advertise healthy lifestyle choices.
The surgical approach to weight loss can often be justified in cases of:
Body mass index (BMI) 25-30.
What branch of the Department of Health and Human Services is responsible for identifying, monitoring, and reporting foodborne illnesses and outbreaks?
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
Subcategories of Total Carbohydrate on the Nutrition Facts panel are _____.
Dietary Fiber, Total Sugars, Added Sugars
Which set of standards defines the amounts of energy, nutrients, other dietary components, and physical activity that best support health?
Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI)
What is the best strategy for consuming adequate amino acids?
Eat high-quality proteins or foods containing complementary proteins.
Ethan is trying to gain weight. Which of the following is the healthiest option that you would suggest to help Ethan with his goal?
Eat peanut butter and crackers.
Characteristics of olestra include which of the following?
It cannot be absorbed by the body.
Why is the serving size on the Nutrition Facts panel important?
It is the basis for the other information on the Nutrition Facts panel.
What might be a concern with Shane's diet?
It may not provide the energy-yielding nutrients in appropriate proportions.
Which of the following is an educational tool used to illustrate the five food groups?
MyPlate
Which health claim would require FDA approval before appearing on the granola bar box?
NOT "Promotes healthy blood vessels."
Next, the group decides to work on the Nutrition Facts panel, beginning with the serving size. The serving size is one bar and the box contains six granola bars. How should the nutrition label read, using the new FDA-proposed label?
NOT Serving size: 1 bar (Servings per container: 6)
Which of the following Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) categories is most appropriately used to develop and evaluate nutrition programs for groups?
Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA)
Which set of values establishes an evidence-based goal for dietary intake that will meet the needs of almost all healthy people?
Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA)
Tracy attends a potluck lunch and eats tuna salad that contains mayonnaise prepared with uncooked eggs. The next day she develops a fever and suffers from abdominal pain and diarrhea. Which foodborne illness did Tracy most likely contract?
Salmonella infection
Which of the following statements is true?
Saturated fatty acids elevate LDL blood cholesterol.
Introduction Below is Miya Alvaro's profile and what she ate in a day. She entered her profile information and food intake into Diet & Wellness Plus and then pulled Diet & Wellness Plus Reports. View Miya's MyPlate Analysis , Intake vs. Goals, and Intake Spreadsheet Report and then answer the questions below. Profile for Miya Alvaro Age: 22 years old Gender: Female Height: 5 ft, 4 in. Weight: 155 lbs Non-Smoker, Strict Vegetarian/Vegan Activity Level: Active Sample 1-day menu (from MyPlate) Breakfast: Huevos rancheros (1 item) Banana (1 item) Coffee, Brewed (16oz) Lunch: Tortilla chips (1 oz) Beans, Refried, Vegetarian, Canned (0.50 cup) Cheese, Cheddar, Shredded (0.25 cup) Avocado (.25 item) Salsa, Red, Uncooked (4T) Soy milk, Chocolate (1 c.) Dinner: NAYOSA, Tofu, Organic, Firm (2 Pcs.) Onions, Chopped (0.25c.) Corn, Yellow, Fresh, Cooked (1 item) Pepper, Bell or Sweet, Red (0.25c.) Frontier Coop Seasoning Bl
Use this for the next 10 questions
Which vitamin or mineral does not need to be listed on the Nutrition Facts panel?
Vitamin C
Which person is at the greatest health risk?
a 27-year-old woman with a waist circumference of 40 inches
A Closer Look: Physiology of Human Digestion and Absorption The food consumed when we eat must be digested, or broken down, before the body is able to use the nutrients. The digestive system consists of the organs of the gastrointestinal tract and associated organs. The diagram shows the most important organs of the digestive system. Select the correct organ names from the drop-down list for the indicated labels (A-L) below the image.
a- mouth b- pharynx c- esophagus d- stomach e- small intestine f- large intestine g- rectum h- anus I- salivary gland j- liver k- gallbladder L- pancreas
A Closer Look: Physiology of Human Digestion and Absorption The food consumed when we eat must be digested, or broken down, before the body is able to use the nutrients. The digestive system consists of the organs of the gastrointestinal tract and associated organs. The diagram shows the most important organs of the digestive system. Select the correct organ names from the drop-down list for the indicated labels (A-L) below the image.
a- salivary gland b- esophagus c- gallbladder d- pancreas e- large intestine f- mouth g- pharynx h- liver I- stomach j- small intestine k- rectum L- anus
6. This breakfast menu contains 142.08 mcg vitamin A (RAE). How many calories does this amount of vitamin A yield?
a. 0 calories
4. How many calories from carbohydrate does the apple provide?
a. 100.54 calories from carbohydrate
2. If Jin ate all of the foods in this breakfast menu, how many kcals (calories) did he eat?
a. 765.37 kcal
4. Miya's dietary fiber intake from this 1-day menu was what percent of her dietary fiber DRI?
a. 97.287
2. This menu meets or exceeds Miya's DRI for all of the following EXCEPT __________.
a. Folate (DFE)
3. The Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) for sodium is 2,300 mg. How does Miya's intake from this menu compare to the UL for sodium?
a. She ate 603 mg sodium more than the UL.
5. The Daily Values (DV) on the Nutrition Facts panel of a food label differ from the DRIs. The DV for total fat for a 2,000-calorie diet is 65 grams of total fat. With Miya's 1-day intake in this menu, how did her fat intake compare to the DV?
b. She ate about 38 grams more fat than the DV.
1. The DRI for potassium for 19- to 30-year-old females is 2600 mg. How does the amount of potassium in this menu compare to the DRI?
b. There is more potassium in the menu than the DRI.
7. Which MyPlate food groups did Miya meet or exceed her servings for on this 1-day menu?
b. grains, vegetables, and empty calories
What is responsible for the digestion of some types of fiber in the digestive tract?
bacterial enzymes
Which term refers to the dietary characteristic of providing foods in proportion to one another and in proportion to the body's needs?
balance
The energy needed to maintain life when a person is at complete digestive, physical, and emotional rest is termed:
basal metabolism.
Where does protein digestion begin and end?
begins in stomach; ends in small intestine
Which component of pancreatic juice is responsible for neutralizing the chyme entering the small intestine?
bicarbonate
Which secretion acts as an emulsifier?
bile
9. In addition to the fluids you drink, foods you eat also provide water. Approximately how many liters (L) of water (H2O) are in this breakfast menu? (Hint: 1 g = 1 ml water and there are 1,000 ml in 1 liter.)
c. 0.70 L
5. What percent of the calories in the breakfast menu come from fat?
c. 29.2% calories from fat
1. Which item from the breakfast menu contains the most calories?
c. Bagel, Plain, Toasted, Enriched, Toasted (1)
6. How does Miya's iron intake compare to the DRI?
c. She ate 53% of the amount of iron she needs.
Essential amino acids:
cannot be synthesized by the body.
A healthy dietary pattern that supports weight loss is lower in:
carbohydrates and added sugars.
The six classes of nutrients are _____.
carbohydrates, fats, protein, water, vitamins, and minerals
Which food is most appropriate to include in a diet plan for an individual who is limiting their consumption of solid fats and/or added sugars?
cod
Complementary proteins:
combine proteins from different foods to provide all essential amino acids.
Which term refers to an awareness and acceptance of one's own and others' cultures, combined with the skills needed to interact effectively with people of diverse cultures?
cultural competence
8. According to the MyPlate Analysis report, empty calories should exceed no more than 362 calories for someone like Miya. How many empty calories did Miya consume on this 1-day menu?
d. 693.74 empty calories
3. According to Jin's Intake Spreadsheet, which item in the breakfast menu contains the most protein?
d. Bacon, Pork or Pork Side, Cooked (3 sl)
A known side effect of amino acid supplements is:
diarrhea
A typical volume leaving the large intestine might be 140 mL. If the volume exiting the large intestine were 364 mL, then it would most likely indicate a case of ____.
diarrhea
A typical volume leaving the large intestine might be 180 mL. If the volume exiting the large intestine were 396 mL, then it would most likely indicate a case of ________.
diarrhea
A typical volume leaving the large intestine might be 200 mL. If the volume exiting the large intestine were 408 mL, then it would most likely indicate a case of ________.
diarrhea
There is no need to seek medical attention when suffering from a foodborne illness unless which of the following symptoms occurs?
diarrhea lasting 4 days
Tim is a new registered dietitian, working in his first job in a skilled nursing facility. He wants to re-evaluate the meal planning at the facility's café, where the majority of the residents eat their meals. The facility serves a culturally diverse group of residents, so Tim decides to interview the residents to get a sense of the variety of eating patterns and dietary needs. Shane, one of the residents, tells him that he typically chooses snacks over meals, but that he loves to eat tuna fish sandwiches to get his omega-3 fatty acids. Which term would best explain why Shane eats a tuna fish sandwich every day?
health and nutrition
One of the reasons why acid-base balance is so important for the body is that:
highly acidic conditions cause vital proteins to denature.
Which sphincter separates the small and large intestines?
ileocecal
Identify the organ of the digestive tract where most of the water gets reabsorbed.
large intestine
Which of the following is an example of an omega-6 fatty acid?
linoleic acid
Nutrients that are transported through the blood from the gastrointestinal tract travel to the _____ before returning to the heart.
liver
Excess glucose in the blood is converted into glycogen and stored primarily in the:
liver and muscles.
The granola bar contains 5 mg of cholesterol per serving and no saturated or trans fats. Which claim can be placed on the label?
low cholesterol
Fat-soluble nutrients are transported through the _____ by chylomicrons.
lymphatic system
Which of the following ingredients is a sugar alcohol?
maltitol
Hailey is 5'4" tall and weighs 152 pounds which means her body mass index (BMI) classifies her as:
overweight
Which food has the least amount of cholesterol?
peanut butter
The involuntary muscular contractions passing along the walls of the GI tract that push contents along is referred to as _____and begins when the bolus enters the esophagus.
peristalsis
The _____ directs food from the mouth to the esophagus.
pharynx
Which of the following is required to be on the updated Nutrition Facts panel but was NOT required on the original label?
potassium
Which are indigestible substances in foods that stimulate the growth of beneficial bacteria?
prebiotics
Which indigestible substance in food stimulates the growth of beneficial flora?
prebiotics
Which of the following would be useful in promoting the growth of bacteria in Mario's GI tract?
prebiotics
When exposed to oxygen, fats can become:
rancid.
What effect could Mario's current diet have on his digestion?
rapid rate of digestion
Which of the following is most likely to occur after the implementation of severe kcalorie restriction and rapid weight loss once normal intake is resumed?
rapid regain of weight
Most of the absorption of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats are absorbed in which organ of the gastrointestinal tract?
small intestine
Villi are part of the structure of the:
small intestine
Where does the majority of nutrient absorption occur?
small intestine
Which organ of the GI tract absorbs most of the nutrients into the bloodstream?
small intestinesmall intestine
Low glycemic index (GI) foods are often a good source of:
soluble fiber
A bolus is a(n):
sphincter muscle separating the stomach from the small intestine
Saliva contains an enzyme that digests:
starches
When carbohydrate consumption exceeds body needs, the excess glucose is:
stored as glycogen and fat.
The normal intestinal flora (bacteria) that live in the intestines _____.
synthesize vitamin K
The presence of fat in the duodenum stimulates what action?
the gallbladder to secrete bile
What is one goal of the National Nutrition Surveys?
to assess food assistance programs
What is the function of the epiglottis?
to protect the airway
9. According to the MyPlate Analysis, Miya is low in protein. What could she add/increase to her 1-day menu to improve her protein intake?
tofu
Which of the following are required to be listed on the new proposed label?
total fat, cholesterol, and added sugars
10. All types of fat provide 9 kcal per g. This breakfast menu contains almost none of which type of fat?
trans fat
Elevated low-density lipoprotein (LDL) concentrations are associated with a high risk of heart disease because they:
transport cholesterol and triglycerides from the liver to the tissues
true or false: Blood levels of ghrelin typically rise before and fall after a meal.
true
true or false: Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI) are values that are appropriate to use for planning and assessing diets for individuals and groups.
true
true or false: Digestion of carbohydrates begins in the mouth.
true
true or false: Foods contributing few nutrients, those produced by small businesses, and foods prepared and sold in the same establishment do not require a nutrition facts label.
true
true or false: In general, basal metabolic needs make up the largest component of energy expenditure.
true
true or false: Organic nutrients contain carbon.
true
true or false: Replacing saturated fats with monounsaturated fats can lower LDL concentrations and raise HDL concentrations.
true
true or false: Tolerable Upper Intake Levels (UL) represent the upper limits of intake for nutrients posing a hazard when consumed in excess.
true
true or false: Yogurt is considered a prebiotic, which is an indigestible substance in food that stimulates the growth of beneficial bacteria in the GI tract.
true
People have many different motivations for their dietary choices. Some people eat more when bored or alone, while others will only eat full meals during social interactions. Other factors include convenience, price, cultural influences, workday schedules, stores available for purchase (convenience store versus grocery store), and so on. What might a person whose greatest motivation in dietary choices is convenience be most likely to eat?
tv dinner
Which term is given to foods made from substances that are typically used in food preparation, but not consumed as foods themselves?
ultra-processed foods
While both the small and large intestines absorb water, they do not share the job equally. Consider the following typical measurements: Volume entering the small intestine: 10,200 mL Volume entering the large intestine: 800 mL Volume leaving the large intestine: 200 mL
use this to answer the next 3 questions
While both the small and large intestines absorb water, they do not share the job equally. Consider the following typical measurements: Volume entering the small intestine: 9,400 mL Volume entering the large intestine: 750 mL Volume leaving the large intestine: 300 mL
use this to answer the next 3 questions
While both the small and large intestines absorb water, they do not share the job equally. Consider the following typical measurements: Volume entering the small intestine: 9,500 mL Volume entering the large intestine: 580 mL Volume leaving the large intestine: 200 mL
use this to answer the next 3 questions
You are referred a client named Mario, a 48-year-old male, who has recently received a kidney transplant and is currently taking several immunosuppressive drugs and antibiotics to prevent organ rejection. It is your job to outline a safe and healthy eating plan for him as he recovers. During your first visit with Mario, he tells you that the immunosuppressants are causing nausea and loss of appetite. Some of the few items that he can tolerate are simple sugars such as smoothies and Jell-O.
use this to answer the next 6 questions
What type of lipoproteins are made mostly by the liver cells to transport lipids to various tissues in the body?
very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL)
Which nutrient is not required on food labels?
vitamin C
Which of the following does not provide energy? - protein - vitamins - fats - carbohydrates - phyotchemicals
vitamins
A good indicator of fat distribution on an individual is:
waist circumference.
Ms. Flores, another resident, tells Tim that she grew up in Mexico and misses the food she ate during that time. Which menu item might help her to reconnect with her heritage?
wheat tortillas filled with black beans and rice