Exam 1 Practice Questions

What is a mirror neuron? A. A neuron that comes in pairs connected together. B. Two neurons that look identical. C. Neurons responsible for emotion. D. A type of neuron that fires both when an action is performed, but also when you see someone do the same action.

D. A type of neuron that fires both when an action is performed, but also when you see someone do the same action.

What therapist stereotype does Sean illustrate in "Good Will Hunting"? A. Dr. Wonderful B. Dr. Dippy C. Dr. Intellectual D. Dr. Evil

A. Dr. Wonderful

According to Freud, which stage focuses on the sexual gratification on the mouth, lips, and tongue? A. Oral B. Anal C. Phallic D. Latency

A. Oral

Which event represents the Hero's departure in "The Dark Knight"? A. The Joker stirring up trouble in Gotham with bouts of crime B. Batman wanting to kill the Joker to bring peace to Gotham C. The Joker crashing Bruce Wayne's party and directly engaging him in conflict D. Batman taking blame for Harvey Dent's actions and disappearing into the night

A. The Joker stirring up trouble in Gotham with bouts of crime

Deactivation of the attachment system is associated with A. attachment avoidance B. attachment anxiety C. attachment security D. all of the above

A. attachment avoidance

Parents who set firm rules for their children, without explaining why those rules are good, and who tend to be cold and distant to their children, are known as __________ parents. A. authoritarian B. permissive C. uninvolved D. indifferent

A. authoritarian

Everyday, Meghan feeds the sunfish off the dock at the lake where she lives. Over time, the fish recognize her footsteps and come to the surface of the water when she walks out on the deck. The fish recognizing her footsteps and coming to the surface is an example of: A. conditioned response. B. generalization. C. conditioned stimulus. D. unconditioned stimulus.

A. conditioned response.

A defining characteristic of traits is that they are A. enduring. B. observed. C. fixed. D. evaluative.

A. enduring.

In "The Shawshank Redemption", Red says -"Forty years I been asking permission to piss." He says, "I can't squeeze a drop without say-so." What is the unconditioned stimulus? A. feeling of a full bladder B. urinating when his bladder is full C. someone telling him that he can use the bathroom D. urinating when told he can use the bathroom

A. feeling of a full bladder

According to Erik Erikson, the principal conflict of adolescence is A. identity B. basic trust. C. autonomy. D. generativity

A. identity

What is anterograde amnesia? A. inability to form new long-term memories B. inability to recall procedural memories C. loss of all memories, new and old D. loss of memories that were formed before a certain event

A. inability to form new long-term memories

For the purposes of the Five factor theory, conscientiousness would be described in terms of: ________. A. orderliness and self-discipline B. friendliness and compliance C. honesty and sociability D. imaginativeness and creativity

A. orderliness and self-discipline

The memory loss of events that occurred before a trauma is known as _______. A. retrograde amnesia B. dyskinesia C. aphasia D. apraxia

A. retrograde amnesia

Pavlov repeatedly paired a buzzer with the presentation of food and measured salivation to each. In this experiment the food was the A. unconditioned stimulus. B. conditioned response. C. unconditioned response. D. conditioned stimulus.

A. unconditioned stimulus.

The more lottery tickets you buy, the greater your chances of winning. However, you have no way of knowing how many tickets you will have to buy before you win. It might be fewer than ten; it might be more than a million. This is an example of which type of schedule of reinforcement? A. variable ratio B. fixed ratio C. fixed interval D. variable interval

A. variable ratio

Which of these could occur in the basic trust versus mistrust conflict according to Erikson's theory? A. A child who is not allowed to do things on his own could lack self-confidence. B. An infant who is not fed or changed regularly could come to mistrust others. C. Infants who are regularly frustrated learn to develop greater patience. D. A child allowed to make too many mistakes on his own develops self-doubt.

B. An infant who is not fed or changed regularly could come to mistrust others.

What are the four categories of hope theory? A. Happiness, goals, sadness and barriers B. Goals, pathways to the goals, agency and overcoming barriers C. Happiness, joy, motivation and reinforcement D. Goals, agency, arousal and love

B. Goals, pathways to the goals, agency and overcoming barriers

You are given a list of grocery items to remember to purchase on your trip to the store. These items are; apples, bread, celery, lettuce, grapes, and onions. According to the recency effect, what item are you most likely to remember? A. Apples B. Onions C. none, the recency effect states that you have to learn the items while in the store to be able to retrieve them. D. Lettuce

B. Onions

The stereotype of the "Narcissistic Parasite" is characterized by: A. People with mental illness as treated as objects of amusement or derision for entertainment. B. Outpatients who seek psychotherapy as self-obsessed, over-privileged attention-seekers. C. Eccentric characters whose unusual behaviors are mistaken for insanity. D. The mentally ill as ruthless and unfeeling, are described by others as "evil" or are perceived as being possessed.

B. Outpatients who seek psychotherapy as self-obsessed, over-privileged attention-seekers.

What is true of people with a more reactive than average amygdala? A. They engage in many impulsive and risky behaviors, especially under peer influence. B. They report many unpleasant experiences and they react strongly to stress. C. They are easily distracted while they are trying to concentrate on a task. D. They form social judgments rapidly but modify them slowly.

B. They report many unpleasant experiences and they react strongly to stress.

Thondike described "reinforcer" as A. an enjoyable mental process. B. an event that "stamps in" a response and makes it more likely. C. the person who supervises an experiment. D. a process that strengthens the consolidation of short term memory.

B. an event that "stamps in" a response and makes it more likely.

Suppose your alarm made a slight clicking sound just before the alarm goes off. Even though you didn't wake up to the clicking sound initially, now you do, due to classical conditioning. In this example, the clicking is a/an A. unconditioned stimulus. B. conditioned stimulus. C. unconditioned response. D. conditioned response.

B. conditioned stimulus.

Individuals who are open to experience tend to be A. self-monitoring. B. creative. C. talkative. D. quiet. E. sociable.

B. creative.

_____ expect the worst to happen before the event even occurs in order to avoid anxiety. A. learned helplessness B. defensive pessimists C. defensive optimists D. people in flow

B. defensive pessimists

Activity of the parasympathetic nervous system leads to an increase in A. heart rate. B. digestion. C. sweating. D. breathing rate.

B. digestion.

One difference between long-term memory and short-term memory is that A. we forget long-term memories because of decay and short-term memories because of interference. B. long-term memory can hold a vast amount of information and short-term memory can hold only about seven items C. short-term memory holds language items and long-term memory holds skills. D. short-term memory holds skills and long-term memory holds language items.

B. long-term memory can hold a vast amount of information and short-term memory can hold only about seven items

What is the psychological theme of the anal stage? A. dependency B. self-control C. sexuality D. trust

B. self-control

Someone asks you what time it is. You check your watch and answer. A few seconds later, after you have been distracted, someone asks what time you said it was. You have forgotten. According to the traditional information-processing view, what type of memory was this? A. procedural B. short-term C. long-term D. semantic

B. short-term

A trait approach to personality is primarily focused on A. the characteristics of the social situation. B. the characteristics of the person. C. the role of genetics. D. the role of the unconscious.

B. the characteristics of the person.

If you like to go fishing, and the fish are biting on some days and not others, you are reinforced on which schedule? A. fixed-ratio B. variable-interval C. fixed-interval D. variable-ratio

B. variable-interval

Which psychosocial stage characterized 12 year old Chris in Stand by Me. A. Industry vs. Inferiority B. Generativity vs. Stagnation C. Identity vs. Role Confusion D. Intimacy vs. Isolation

C. Identity vs. Role Confusion

The Schizophrenogenic parent myth presumes: A. Individuals can be institutionalized for being flamboyant, charismatic and colorful. B. Multiple traumatic events are the cause of mental illness. C. Parents (mother) are most often responsible for serious mental illness in their children D. A single traumatic event is the cause of mental illness.

C. Parents (mother) are most often responsible for serious mental illness in their children

What type of parenting did Teddy most likely experience in "Stand by Me"? A. avoidant B. secure C. anxious-ambivalent

C. anxious-ambivalent

Individuals who are neurotic tend to be A. successful. B. unemotional. C. high-strung and tense. D. mentally ill. E. creative.

C. high-strung and tense.

The part of personality development where one seems to have no evidence of exploration and also does not have a clear identity is A. identity achievement B. moratorium C. identity diffusion D. identity foreclosure

C. identity diffusion

What is retrograde amnesia? A. loss of ability to recall procedural memories B. a total loss of all memories, new and old C. loss of memories that formed before a certain event D. an inability to form new long-term memories

C. loss of memories that formed before a certain event

The wise old man archetype represents A. masculinity and femininity. B. life and death. C. meaning and wisdom. D. strength and courage.

C. meaning and wisdom.

In the following scenario, what is the conditioned stimulus? "Miles is an extremely smart dog. His owner always feeds him dog food from a can, which the owner opens using an electric can-opener. Whenever Miles hears the sound of the electric can opener, he runs into the kitchen and over to his food bowl." A. the food bowl B. running to the food bowl C. the sound of the can opener D. the can of dog food

C. the sound of the can opener

_____ involves letting one's mind wander and saying everything that comes to mind without censorship. A. The inkblot test B. Dream analysis C. Identification D. Free association

D. Free association

During the Oedipal Conflict, according to Freud, what do boys want from their mothers? A. attention B. a baby sister or brother C. nurturance D. a sexual relationship

D. a sexual relationship

A person who is good natured and cooperative would score high on the trait of A. extraversion B. emotional stability. C. conscientiousness. D. agreeableness.

D. agreeableness.

A baby being measured for attachment using Ainsworth's Strange-situation procedure appears to be extremely clinging and attached to the mother's side when she comes back into the room. This baby would be classified as A. avoidant B. secure C. disorganized D. anxious

D. anxious

Suppose you decide to reward yourself by going out for a snack every time you finish reading a chapter in your text. This is an example of which type of schedule of reinforcement? A. variable ratio B. fixed interval C. variable interval D. fixed ratio

D. fixed ratio

In "Memento", why does Leonard argue that his condition has no real impact on his ability to discover truth? A. he believes that he does not have a memory impairment B. his truth is unconscious C. it is his long-term memory that is impaired, not his ability to form new memories D. memories are reconstructive and unreliable

D. memories are reconstructive and unreliable

Erik Erikson's stages of development deal with A. language development B. development of moral reasoning. C. intellectual development D. social development.

D. social development.

According to Jung, a mental storehouse for unconscious ideas and images shared by all humans is A. the persona. B. the personal unconscious. C. the anima. D. the collective unconscious.

D. the collective unconscious.

A slow but steady rate of responding is most characteristic of behavior reinforced on a __________ schedule. A. fixed ratio B. fixed interval C. Continuous D. variable interval

D. variable interval

You enjoy getting e-mail messages, so you occasionally check your e-mail to find out if you have any new messages. Which schedule of reinforcement is present in this case? A. fixed ratio B. variable ratio C. fixed interval D. variable interval

D. variable interval

The hero archetype A. often has a tragic flaw. B. is sometimes part god. C. fights to conquer evil. D. may be represented by comic book characters such as Superman. E. all of the above.

E. all of the above.