Exam 1 Questions

According to the 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans, added sugar intake should be limited to less than ________ % of total daily calories.

10%

A serving of food contains 15 g carbohydrate, 3 g protein, 5 g fat, 5 mg vitamin C, and 100 mL water. Based on this information, a serving of this food supplies.

117 kcals

Approximately how many grams of carbohydrate are in a sugar-sweetened beverage that supplies 200 kcals and contains no fiber, fat, protein, or alcohol?

50 grams carbohydrate

Which of the following describe a conditionally essential nutrient?

All of the above

In the United States, consumers eat more ________ than recommended.

Cheese

Most Americans purchase less than recommended amounts of:

Fruits

Which of the following statements is true?

In the United States, poor eating habits contribute to some of the ten leading causes of death

Which of the following foods is the most nutrient-dense per serving?

Leafy greens

A healthy large intestine is home to numerous bacteria. Which of the following is not a function of the gut microbiota?

Neutralize acidic chyme

Which of the following menu items has ingredients that represent all MyPlate food groups?

Salad made with hard-cooked eggs, grapes, leaf lettuce, cooked pasta, and cheddar cheese

For lunch today Quentin ate a turkey sandwich on whole wheat bread, a small bag of pretzels, and an apple. He also drank a 20-fluid ounce orange-flavored sports drink. Which component of his lunch would be considered a source of empty calories?

Sports drink

Which of the following substances is a nutrient that does NOT supply any energy for the human body?

Vitamin D

An Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) is the

amount of a nutrient that meets the needs of 50% of healthy people in a particular population

Which of the following compounds is not secreted by the human stomach?

bile

A primary function of the digestive system is the

breakdown of food into nutrients

45%-65%

carbohydrates

Name the three macronutrients:

carbohydrates, proteins, and fats

What is the semisolid liquid formed by the partial digestion of food in the stomach?

chyme

Dorothy is an 85-year-old woman who is having difficulty swallowing. Food seems to enter her stomach too slowly. Based on this information, Dorothy probably has a(n)

condition characterized by loss of peristaltic functioning

Pancreatic lipase

digests fat

Pancreatic amylase

digests starch

A refined grain product that has iron, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, and folic acid added to replace amounts lost during processing has been

enriched

True or False According to scientific research, most dietary supplements provide considerable health benefits.

false

20%-35%

fat

Correctly order the major organs of the digestive system in ascending order, beginning with the mouth as number 1

mouth, esophagus, stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, large intestine, rectum, anus

Name the 3 accessory organs of the digestive system:

pancreas, gallbladder, and liver

Trypsin & chemotrypsin

partially digest proteins

10%-35%

protein

Most absorption takes place in the

small intestine

True or False A nutrient requirement is the smallest amount of a nutrient that maintains a defined level of nutritional health.

true

True or False Most food guides classify eggs in the protein foods group.

true

True or False Saliva includes enzymes that are important for digestion.

true

True or False The FDA can recall a dietary supplement when there is evidence that it is harmful.

true

The lining of the small intestine is covered with ________, tiny, finger-like structures that absorb nutrients from food.

villi

Which of the following foods typically acts as a prebiotic (NOT probiotic)?

whole grains

Which of the following represent the five overarching guidelines of the 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans?

Focus on variety, nutrient density, and amount, Limit calories from added sugars and saturated fats and reduce sodium intake, Follow a healthy eating pattern across the lifespan, Support healthy eating patterns for all, and Shift to healthier food and beverage choices

True or False In order for a dietary supplement to be on the market, all research studies on the supplement must show a beneficial effect on health.

false

True or False When a sphincter relaxes, the passageway closes to prevent movement of GI contents.

false