Exam 1 Questions
According to the 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans, added sugar intake should be limited to less than ________ % of total daily calories.
10%
A serving of food contains 15 g carbohydrate, 3 g protein, 5 g fat, 5 mg vitamin C, and 100 mL water. Based on this information, a serving of this food supplies.
117 kcals
Approximately how many grams of carbohydrate are in a sugar-sweetened beverage that supplies 200 kcals and contains no fiber, fat, protein, or alcohol?
50 grams carbohydrate
Which of the following describe a conditionally essential nutrient?
All of the above
In the United States, consumers eat more ________ than recommended.
Cheese
Most Americans purchase less than recommended amounts of:
Fruits
Which of the following statements is true?
In the United States, poor eating habits contribute to some of the ten leading causes of death
Which of the following foods is the most nutrient-dense per serving?
Leafy greens
A healthy large intestine is home to numerous bacteria. Which of the following is not a function of the gut microbiota?
Neutralize acidic chyme
Which of the following menu items has ingredients that represent all MyPlate food groups?
Salad made with hard-cooked eggs, grapes, leaf lettuce, cooked pasta, and cheddar cheese
For lunch today Quentin ate a turkey sandwich on whole wheat bread, a small bag of pretzels, and an apple. He also drank a 20-fluid ounce orange-flavored sports drink. Which component of his lunch would be considered a source of empty calories?
Sports drink
Which of the following substances is a nutrient that does NOT supply any energy for the human body?
Vitamin D
An Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) is the
amount of a nutrient that meets the needs of 50% of healthy people in a particular population
Which of the following compounds is not secreted by the human stomach?
bile
A primary function of the digestive system is the
breakdown of food into nutrients
45%-65%
carbohydrates
Name the three macronutrients:
carbohydrates, proteins, and fats
What is the semisolid liquid formed by the partial digestion of food in the stomach?
chyme
Dorothy is an 85-year-old woman who is having difficulty swallowing. Food seems to enter her stomach too slowly. Based on this information, Dorothy probably has a(n)
condition characterized by loss of peristaltic functioning
Pancreatic lipase
digests fat
Pancreatic amylase
digests starch
A refined grain product that has iron, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, and folic acid added to replace amounts lost during processing has been
enriched
True or False According to scientific research, most dietary supplements provide considerable health benefits.
false
20%-35%
fat
Correctly order the major organs of the digestive system in ascending order, beginning with the mouth as number 1
mouth, esophagus, stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, large intestine, rectum, anus
Name the 3 accessory organs of the digestive system:
pancreas, gallbladder, and liver
Trypsin & chemotrypsin
partially digest proteins
10%-35%
protein
Most absorption takes place in the
small intestine
True or False A nutrient requirement is the smallest amount of a nutrient that maintains a defined level of nutritional health.
true
True or False Most food guides classify eggs in the protein foods group.
true
True or False Saliva includes enzymes that are important for digestion.
true
True or False The FDA can recall a dietary supplement when there is evidence that it is harmful.
true
The lining of the small intestine is covered with ________, tiny, finger-like structures that absorb nutrients from food.
villi
Which of the following foods typically acts as a prebiotic (NOT probiotic)?
whole grains
Which of the following represent the five overarching guidelines of the 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans?
Focus on variety, nutrient density, and amount, Limit calories from added sugars and saturated fats and reduce sodium intake, Follow a healthy eating pattern across the lifespan, Support healthy eating patterns for all, and Shift to healthier food and beverage choices
True or False In order for a dietary supplement to be on the market, all research studies on the supplement must show a beneficial effect on health.
false
True or False When a sphincter relaxes, the passageway closes to prevent movement of GI contents.
false