Exam 1 review
Nasal septum consist of:
Ethmoid & vomer
Which bone is in between the nasal bones and the eyes?
Ethmoid bone.
Which gland discharges secretions onto surface:
Exocrine gland
Destroys gland cells by busting them stem cells replace them happen in which type of secretion?
Holocrine
Large, rugged projection. You can feel this on yourself if you put your fingers behind your ear, and notice a big, hard lump.
Mastoid process
Which of cells are in charge of bone resorption?
Osteoclasts
What are secretory sheets?
columnar epithelium found in stomach and protects walls form acid & enzymes
____ articulates with the temporal bone at the mandibular fossa:
condylar process
What is the dense layer made of ?
protein filaments
Mastoid Process is a bone feature on the?
temporal bone
Which type of cell is the most abundant type and changes function as it moves up the epithelia?
Kerantinocytes
What are the two types of kerantinocytes?
Keratohyalin & Keratin
What cell types in the epithelium forms the intercellular matrix?
Keratohylain
Where does the nail root grow out of?
Lumina
Which cells produce T cells found in pathogens?
Lymphocytes
Where does the mandible articulate with the cranium?
Mandibular fossa (on temporal bone)
An exposed apical surface and an attached basal surface is an example of ?
Polarity
lines nasal cavity, tracheo & bronchi, portions of male reproductive tract.
Pseudostratified cilated columnar
Which layer is inferior and have very organized collagen fibers that are able to move up and down and hold it all together?
Reticular layer
What are the name of the 3 foramen on the sphenoid bone?
Rotundum, oval, spnosum (ROS)
Lines stomach, intestines, gallbladder, uterine tubes and collecting ducts of kidneys: (has microvili)
Simple columnar
Which epithelium lines central body cavities like heart, blood vessels, portion of kidney and inner lining of cornea?
Simple squamous
Sebaceous follicles secrete onto?
Skin surface
Which bone articulates with all the bones of the cranium and the facial bones?
Sphenoid bone
Which bone forms the posterior part of the eye orbit.
Sphenoid bone
Which layer of epithelia are stem cells present in?
Stratum basale
Melanocytes are in what layer(s) ?
Stratum basale & spinosum
Which layer contains dead cells and does insensible perspiration and determines if skin is thick or thin?
Stratum corneum
Which is the last layer of the skin which the cells are still living?
Stratum granulosum
Dead cells are usually flat and form thick skin and filled with keratin filaments, which cell layer can you find them?
Stratum lucidum
Langerhans cells are found in what layer?
Stratum spinosum
What layer is directly above the Stratum basale?
Stratum spinosum
Which layer of the epithelium is the thickest with (4-6 cells thick) ?
Stratum spinosum
The distinguishing characteristics of a thoracic vertebrae
Superior, inferior and transverse costal facets
Which gland goes all the way to the surface ?
Sweet glands
Occipital condyles articulate with?
The Atlas C1
One of the characteristics of ALL epithelia is the attachment, which means that:
The basal surface of a typical epithelium is bound to a thin basal lamina.
Which bone contains the organs of the ears?
temporal bone
styloid process is a bone feature on the?
temporal bone
Squamous suture seperates:
temporal from parietal on each side.
What is hole where the three bones come together occipital, temporal & sphenoid?
Foramen lacerum
When dirt get stuck under your nail its actually get stuck under the ?
Hyponychium
What bone is responsible for regulating the flow of air through the nasal cavity?
Inferior nasal concha
sutures are a type of :
Joint
The epidermis consist of stratified squamos epithelium. Which cell type found within these layers are a type of macrophage?
Langerhans cells
Infra-orbital nerve supplies blood to face and is located on?
Maxilla
Which pigment is orange -yellow color ?
Melanin
Which cell type produces melanin?
Melanocytes
Which types of cells are for sensation ? Ex. Pressure
Merkle cells
Phagocytic blood cells recruited used during tissue injury :
Neutrophils
The sphenoid & ethomoid are part of the :
Nuerocranium
Foramen magnum is found on what bone?
Occipital bone
Hypoglossal canal is found on what bone?
Occipital bone
Jugular foramen is found on what bone?
Occipital bone
When a fracture is not given the correct medical treatment and therefore does not heal properly, bone formation begins to form at the area of fracture. What cell contributes to this bone formation:
Osteoblast
Which type of gland secrete into hair folicies?
Sebecous glands
Optic canal is a bone feature on the?
Sphenoid bone
Lines small areas of pharynx, epiglottis, anus, mammary gland, salivary glands ducts, urethera.
Stratified columnar
What kind of epithelium would you find lining the esophagus?
Stratified squamous
Which epithelium is found in lining of mouth, throat & esophagus?
Stratified squamous
Which epithelium lines the rectum anus and vagina?
Stratified squamous
Keratinocytes are found in which layer?
Stratum Granulosum
which cell layer is responsible for callus?
Stratum Granulosum
What layer of the skin are merkle cells present?
Stratum basale
Which carpal bone, based on its location, would articulate with the metacarpal of of the thumb?
Trapezium
The lactiferous cells of the mammary glands are examples of WHAT kind of secretion?
apocrine.
Which two bone features compose the condyle of the humerus?
capitulum and trochlea
Which tissue stores energy?
connective tissue
Serous cells secrete:
enzymes & proteins
cribriform plate & perpendicular plate make up the :
ethmoid bone features
Bump on the back of your head is the:
external occipital proturberance
Which bone forms the superior part of the ocular region or eye orbitals?
frontal bone
What is the clear layer made of?
glycoproteins & microfilaments.
The presence of microvilli in a certain organ indicates that :
in this area, a lot of absorption takes place.
Proteglycans are:
intercellular cement
A pregnant women would most likely suffer what type of spinal curvature and in what vertebral area?
lordosis in the lumbar area.
Which cell stimulate local inflamation?
mast cells
Synthesize melanin
melanocytes
The functional unit bone is known as:
osteon
Lines of some ducts usually rare. Ex.in sweat glands:
stratified cuboidal
Sagittal suture divides:
the two parietal bones
What articulates with the acromion of the scapula?
Clavicle
What are the two layers of the basal lamina?
Clear layer & Dense layer
Which cell types makes fibers of the connective tissue?
Fibroblast
What makes your finger print?
Epidermal ridges formed by the dermal papilla in the epidermis.
The ulnar notch is located in the ___ (bone) and articultes with the _____
radius; head of the ulnar
What component of the bone matrix gives it toughness?
Calcium phosphate
which two bone/features come together to form the nasal septum?
Perpendicular plate and vomer.
What is the ratio of melanocytes to stem cells in darker areas?
1:20
Cells that store lipids for energy:
Adipocytes
Lactiferous cells of the mamimary gland is what type of secretion?
Apocrine
Contains tooth roots
Aveolar part
Which pigments is produced under genetic control by kytrotincytes?
Carotene
Named after major artery that supplies blood to your brain:
Carotid Canal (on temporal bone)
CAMS are:
Cell adhesion molecules
Cells bound together by cell junctions with little or no intercellular space is an example of?
Cellularity; in the epithelial
What bone features are between the foramen magnum & vomer? (HINT: fossa & foramen)
Condyloid fossa & Condyloid foramen
The ____ suture separates the frontal and parietal bones of the skull.
Coronal suture
Ductless glands that release their secretions directly into interstitial fluids, lymph or blood.
Endocrine glands
What bone feature controls tongue movement ?
Hypoglossal canal
Serous cells of salivary glands are example of what type of secretion?
Merocine
A sweet gland whose duct reaches the surface of the skin is called:
Merocrine sweat gland
Which gland is responsible for thermoregulation and excretion?
Merocrine sweat gland.
Small L shaped bone thats posterior to maxilla and forms roof of mouth:
Palantine bone
Incisive fossa & Incisive foramen are found on ?
Palantine process of maxilla
Which layer is superior and has disorganized collagen fibers?
Papillary layer
What are the two layers of the dermis?
Papillary layer & Reticular layer
If osteoclast activity exceeds osteoblast activity, how will the mass of the bone be affected?`
The bone would have decreased mineral content and as a result, it would be also weaker.
How does the epithelia obtain nutrients?
Through diffusion and absorption through apical & basal membrane.
The zygomatic bones are part of :
Viscerol cranium
Forms the inferior portion of the nasal septum:
Vomer
The anatomical name for the bones that make up the distal portion of the wrist joints is:
carpals
The bone feature that is part of the ethmoid bone and serves as a passage way to the olfactory nerve?
cribriform plate
Which bone feature is a small projection sticking up into the brain?
cristi galli
Supra-orbital foramen is a bone feature on the?
frontal bone
What is the function of microvilli?
increase surface area by 20 times.
Which foramen holds the vein that allows blood to leave the cranium, lateral to occipital condyle?
jugular foramen
Transport fluids & dissolving material from one region of the body to another.
macrophages
What are the types of secretion for exocrine glands?
mucins, enymes, water, & waste products.
Which bone feature protects the pituitary gland & on what bone is it located ?
sella turcica; sphenoid bone
Skin gets red, why does this happen?
she produces less melanin.
Lines the gland ducts, portion of kidney; thyroid gland:
simple cuboidal
Which bone feature located on the temporal bone has a long skinny projection that hangs below the cranium?
styloid process
lines urinary bladder, renal pelvis, ureters.
transitional epithelia