Exam 1 review

Nasal septum consist of:

Ethmoid & vomer

Which bone is in between the nasal bones and the eyes?

Ethmoid bone.

Which gland discharges secretions onto surface:

Exocrine gland

Destroys gland cells by busting them stem cells replace them happen in which type of secretion?

Holocrine

Large, rugged projection. You can feel this on yourself if you put your fingers behind your ear, and notice a big, hard lump.

Mastoid process

Which of cells are in charge of bone resorption?

Osteoclasts

What are secretory sheets?

columnar epithelium found in stomach and protects walls form acid & enzymes

____ articulates with the temporal bone at the mandibular fossa:

condylar process

What is the dense layer made of ?

protein filaments

Mastoid Process is a bone feature on the?

temporal bone

Which type of cell is the most abundant type and changes function as it moves up the epithelia?

Kerantinocytes

What are the two types of kerantinocytes?

Keratohyalin & Keratin

What cell types in the epithelium forms the intercellular matrix?

Keratohylain

Where does the nail root grow out of?

Lumina

Which cells produce T cells found in pathogens?

Lymphocytes

Where does the mandible articulate with the cranium?

Mandibular fossa (on temporal bone)

An exposed apical surface and an attached basal surface is an example of ?

Polarity

lines nasal cavity, tracheo & bronchi, portions of male reproductive tract.

Pseudostratified cilated columnar

Which layer is inferior and have very organized collagen fibers that are able to move up and down and hold it all together?

Reticular layer

What are the name of the 3 foramen on the sphenoid bone?

Rotundum, oval, spnosum (ROS)

Lines stomach, intestines, gallbladder, uterine tubes and collecting ducts of kidneys: (has microvili)

Simple columnar

Which epithelium lines central body cavities like heart, blood vessels, portion of kidney and inner lining of cornea?

Simple squamous

Sebaceous follicles secrete onto?

Skin surface

Which bone articulates with all the bones of the cranium and the facial bones?

Sphenoid bone

Which bone forms the posterior part of the eye orbit.

Sphenoid bone

Which layer of epithelia are stem cells present in?

Stratum basale

Melanocytes are in what layer(s) ?

Stratum basale & spinosum

Which layer contains dead cells and does insensible perspiration and determines if skin is thick or thin?

Stratum corneum

Which is the last layer of the skin which the cells are still living?

Stratum granulosum

Dead cells are usually flat and form thick skin and filled with keratin filaments, which cell layer can you find them?

Stratum lucidum

Langerhans cells are found in what layer?

Stratum spinosum

What layer is directly above the Stratum basale?

Stratum spinosum

Which layer of the epithelium is the thickest with (4-6 cells thick) ?

Stratum spinosum

The distinguishing characteristics of a thoracic vertebrae

Superior, inferior and transverse costal facets

Which gland goes all the way to the surface ?

Sweet glands

Occipital condyles articulate with?

The Atlas C1

One of the characteristics of ALL epithelia is the attachment, which means that:

The basal surface of a typical epithelium is bound to a thin basal lamina.

Which bone contains the organs of the ears?

temporal bone

styloid process is a bone feature on the?

temporal bone

Squamous suture seperates:

temporal from parietal on each side.

What is hole where the three bones come together occipital, temporal & sphenoid?

Foramen lacerum

When dirt get stuck under your nail its actually get stuck under the ?

Hyponychium

What bone is responsible for regulating the flow of air through the nasal cavity?

Inferior nasal concha

sutures are a type of :

Joint

The epidermis consist of stratified squamos epithelium. Which cell type found within these layers are a type of macrophage?

Langerhans cells

Infra-orbital nerve supplies blood to face and is located on?

Maxilla

Which pigment is orange -yellow color ?

Melanin

Which cell type produces melanin?

Melanocytes

Which types of cells are for sensation ? Ex. Pressure

Merkle cells

Phagocytic blood cells recruited used during tissue injury :

Neutrophils

The sphenoid & ethomoid are part of the :

Nuerocranium

Foramen magnum is found on what bone?

Occipital bone

Hypoglossal canal is found on what bone?

Occipital bone

Jugular foramen is found on what bone?

Occipital bone

When a fracture is not given the correct medical treatment and therefore does not heal properly, bone formation begins to form at the area of fracture. What cell contributes to this bone formation:

Osteoblast

Which type of gland secrete into hair folicies?

Sebecous glands

Optic canal is a bone feature on the?

Sphenoid bone

Lines small areas of pharynx, epiglottis, anus, mammary gland, salivary glands ducts, urethera.

Stratified columnar

What kind of epithelium would you find lining the esophagus?

Stratified squamous

Which epithelium is found in lining of mouth, throat & esophagus?

Stratified squamous

Which epithelium lines the rectum anus and vagina?

Stratified squamous

Keratinocytes are found in which layer?

Stratum Granulosum

which cell layer is responsible for callus?

Stratum Granulosum

What layer of the skin are merkle cells present?

Stratum basale

Which carpal bone, based on its location, would articulate with the metacarpal of of the thumb?

Trapezium

The lactiferous cells of the mammary glands are examples of WHAT kind of secretion?

apocrine.

Which two bone features compose the condyle of the humerus?

capitulum and trochlea

Which tissue stores energy?

connective tissue

Serous cells secrete:

enzymes & proteins

cribriform plate & perpendicular plate make up the :

ethmoid bone features

Bump on the back of your head is the:

external occipital proturberance

Which bone forms the superior part of the ocular region or eye orbitals?

frontal bone

What is the clear layer made of?

glycoproteins & microfilaments.

The presence of microvilli in a certain organ indicates that :

in this area, a lot of absorption takes place.

Proteglycans are:

intercellular cement

A pregnant women would most likely suffer what type of spinal curvature and in what vertebral area?

lordosis in the lumbar area.

Which cell stimulate local inflamation?

mast cells

Synthesize melanin

melanocytes

The functional unit bone is known as:

osteon

Lines of some ducts usually rare. Ex.in sweat glands:

stratified cuboidal

Sagittal suture divides:

the two parietal bones

What articulates with the acromion of the scapula?

Clavicle

What are the two layers of the basal lamina?

Clear layer & Dense layer

Which cell types makes fibers of the connective tissue?

Fibroblast

What makes your finger print?

Epidermal ridges formed by the dermal papilla in the epidermis.

The ulnar notch is located in the ___ (bone) and articultes with the _____

radius; head of the ulnar

What component of the bone matrix gives it toughness?

Calcium phosphate

which two bone/features come together to form the nasal septum?

Perpendicular plate and vomer.

What is the ratio of melanocytes to stem cells in darker areas?

1:20

Cells that store lipids for energy:

Adipocytes

Lactiferous cells of the mamimary gland is what type of secretion?

Apocrine

Contains tooth roots

Aveolar part

Which pigments is produced under genetic control by kytrotincytes?

Carotene

Named after major artery that supplies blood to your brain:

Carotid Canal (on temporal bone)

CAMS are:

Cell adhesion molecules

Cells bound together by cell junctions with little or no intercellular space is an example of?

Cellularity; in the epithelial

What bone features are between the foramen magnum & vomer? (HINT: fossa & foramen)

Condyloid fossa & Condyloid foramen

The ____ suture separates the frontal and parietal bones of the skull.

Coronal suture

Ductless glands that release their secretions directly into interstitial fluids, lymph or blood.

Endocrine glands

What bone feature controls tongue movement ?

Hypoglossal canal

Serous cells of salivary glands are example of what type of secretion?

Merocine

A sweet gland whose duct reaches the surface of the skin is called:

Merocrine sweat gland

Which gland is responsible for thermoregulation and excretion?

Merocrine sweat gland.

Small L shaped bone thats posterior to maxilla and forms roof of mouth:

Palantine bone

Incisive fossa & Incisive foramen are found on ?

Palantine process of maxilla

Which layer is superior and has disorganized collagen fibers?

Papillary layer

What are the two layers of the dermis?

Papillary layer & Reticular layer

If osteoclast activity exceeds osteoblast activity, how will the mass of the bone be affected?`

The bone would have decreased mineral content and as a result, it would be also weaker.

How does the epithelia obtain nutrients?

Through diffusion and absorption through apical & basal membrane.

The zygomatic bones are part of :

Viscerol cranium

Forms the inferior portion of the nasal septum:

Vomer

The anatomical name for the bones that make up the distal portion of the wrist joints is:

carpals

The bone feature that is part of the ethmoid bone and serves as a passage way to the olfactory nerve?

cribriform plate

Which bone feature is a small projection sticking up into the brain?

cristi galli

Supra-orbital foramen is a bone feature on the?

frontal bone

What is the function of microvilli?

increase surface area by 20 times.

Which foramen holds the vein that allows blood to leave the cranium, lateral to occipital condyle?

jugular foramen

Transport fluids & dissolving material from one region of the body to another.

macrophages

What are the types of secretion for exocrine glands?

mucins, enymes, water, & waste products.

Which bone feature protects the pituitary gland & on what bone is it located ?

sella turcica; sphenoid bone

Skin gets red, why does this happen?

she produces less melanin.

Lines the gland ducts, portion of kidney; thyroid gland:

simple cuboidal

Which bone feature located on the temporal bone has a long skinny projection that hangs below the cranium?

styloid process

lines urinary bladder, renal pelvis, ureters.

transitional epithelia