Exam 1 Study guide: Flow Charts

monosaccharides

Carbohydrates are made up of:

salt crystals

Ionic bonds generally produce:

glycerol and fatty acids

Lipids are made up of:

uncharged molecules

Non-polar covalent bonds produce:

Nucleotides

Nucleic acids are made up of:

dipoles`

Polar covalent bonds generally produce:

amino acids

Proteins are made up of:

phospholipids

The plasma membrane is primarily made up of:

RNA polymerase

Transcription is carried out by a :

nucleus

Transcription occurs in the:

mRNA molecule

Transcription uses DNA to produce a:

ribosome

Translation is carried out by a :

cytoplasm

Translation occurs in the :

tRNA molecule

Translation requires a nucleic acid with an anticodon head called a:

glycoproteins

act as cell identification tags

attachment proteins

bind to matrix and the cytoskeleton

receptor proteins

can trigger cellular response to a signal particle

enzymes

catalyze reactions

Carbon

describes the large category of compounds that contain the element.

Hydrophilic

have "heads" that are

Hydrophobic

have "tails" that are

intercellular joining proteins

holds cells together

interphase

includes a nondividing period when the cell functions normally

mitotic phase

includes a period of cell division called:

Transport proteins

move materials through membranes

Iconic Bonds

occur when atoms transfer electrons

Non-Polar Covalent Bonds

occurs when atoms share electrons equally

Polar covalent bonds

occurs when atoms share electrons unequally

Proteins

provide structure and serve as enzymes

Translation

second major step in protein synthesis:

Carbohydrates

serve as a primary source of the cellular fuel.

Lipids

store energy, serves as a steroid and make up much of the cell membrane.

Nucleic Acids

store genetic information

polypeptide

tRNA transfers specific amino acids to mRNA codons to produce:

Hydrogen Bonds

that occurs as weak attractions between dipoles

transcription

the first major step in protein synthesis

metaphase

when chromosomes align

prophase

when chromosomes appear

anaphase

when chromosomes split

telophase

when new nuclei form