Exam 2

Which of the following is not true of risk?

Significant amounts of planning will overcome risks.

When the work in an activity is interrupted to work on another activity and is then resumed at a later point in time, it is called ________.

Splitting

In which step is a RBS (Risk Breakdown Structure) created?

Step 1

In which step is the likelihood (probability) and impact (severity) of the risk determined?

Step 2

Which risk response step develops a strategy for reducing possible damage and develops a contingency plan?

Step 3

Which of the following statements is false?

The critical path is the series of activities that determine the earliest time by which a project can be started.

Which of the following does not help describe a bottom-up estimating approach?

They are made by someone who uses experience and/or information from someone else to determine overall project cost and duration.

A project leader's boss has told Jonathan that his project is very important. If the critical path is delayed, he will be given whatever he needs to get the project back on schedule. His project is classified as ________ constrained.

Time

Which of the following estimates is used for strategic purposes?

Top-down estimate

Which of the following is a way to improve quality on the front-end of the development lifecycle?

Walkthroughs

Which of the following is a good condition for bottom-up estimating?

When there is a fixed price contract

The risk graph (Larson & Gray, Figure 7.1) informs us of all of the following but ________.

at the delivering phase the cost to fix a risk event is low

The ________ calculates the critical path and determines how long an activity can be delayed without delaying the project.

backward pass

According to Larson and Gray chapter 8, cost estimates are not a budget until ________.

budgets have been time-phased

A backhoe that Susan needs on her project has been scheduled on another project. This is a ________ constraint.

equipment

Delaying critical activities because of resource limitations amd thus, conforming to the resource constraint is called resource ________.

leveling

Wayne needs to order memory chips needed to continue his project. The memory chips are needed now but the supplier won't be able to deliver them until next week. This is an example of a ________ constraint.

materials

If the time units are months, duration is measured in ________ whereas effort is measured in _______.

months, man-months

A(n) ________ is a risk event that can have a positive impact on project objectives.

opportunity

A good starting point for developing time and cost estimates is ________.

past experience

Rose leads the advertising of an innovative product, Teckos, just launched by her company. She has determined the advertising for Teckos is an individual project consisting of 7 activities. Information pertinent to these activities is included in the table that follows. Determine the earliest completion time for the project.

12 weeks

Seven activities are to be considered for this problem. Additional information about these activities such as their activity time and immediate predecessors are included in the table that follows. Use this information to figure out the earliest completion time for this project.

20 weeks

Suppose a software project wad determine to have 10 inputs, 5 outputs, 10 inquiries, 5 files and 10 interfaces. Assume complexity factors of 2, 6, 4, 12, and 10 for inputs, outputs, inquiries, files, and interfaces, respectively. Calculate how many function points are involved and how many person-months are required to complete the project.

250 function points | 50 person-months

Consider the following table of activities A through G in which A is the start node and G is the stop node. Draw the network above to determine the following. What is the duration of the critical path? What is the late start time for activity E (how late can activity E start?)?

29 | 15

The total effort for a project is calculated to be 24 person-months. Three capable persons are assigned to the project. There is no mandatory or other sequencing required in the project. What is its total duration likely to be?

8 months

Which of the following are discrete tasks which require resources and time, within the context of projects?

Activities

Which of the following is a potential future consequence of not considering the impact on the schedule of limited resources?

All a., b. and c. are correct.

Which of the following is not a major issue that risk management endeavors to address?

All of the alternatives are major issues.

Which of the following estimates is based on similar past projects?

Analogous estimate

Better quality implies ________.

Both a. and b. are correct.

Which of the following estimates is based on the WBS?

Bottom-up estimate

Which of the following estimates is the most expensive to obtain?

Bottom-up estimate

Which of the following estimates is used for a definitive purpose?

Bottom-up estimate

Which of the following is not one of the purposes to which estimates can be put?

Comparison purposes

What is the relationship between organizational culture and estimating?

Cultural norms affect the accuracy of estimates.

Which of the following statements is false?

Duration and effort are synonymous terms.

________ are a technique that can be used to quickly solve the combinational problem of resource allocation.

Heuristics

The first step in the risk management process is ________.

Identify the risks

Of the four types of quality costs, which has to do with scrap and reworked product?

Internal failure costs

Select the most accurate statement with regards to the Critical Path Method (CPM).

It assumes that activities are independent of one another, with clearly defined start and finish dates.

Which of the following is not a generally-recognized type of risk?

Quality risks

When identifying risks, one common mistake made early in the process is ________.

to focus on objectives and not on the events that could produce consequences

Which constraint category should be considered before all others?

Logical and technical constraints

As the project manager for a software development project, you are helping to develop the project schedule. You decide that writing code for a system should not start until users sign off on the analysis work. Further, you decide that testing of a module (an object, class) will not commence until the entire module has been coded and compiled. What type of dependency is this?

Mandatory

Which of the following would not be considered a threat?

Meeting the project schedule

________ is a probabilistic scheduling technique while ________ is deterministic, with ________ being most widely used in commercial software.

PERT | CPM | CPM

A project leader is forecasting how much money his department needs to support a new project. He estimates that two people and $25,000 in expenses will cover his needs. Because management typically insists on reducing forecasts by 20 percent, he increases his estimates to allow for that reduction. Which of the following factors is illustrated in this situation?

Padding estimates

The district magistrate of Arkham City has decided to rebuild the busiest road in the city. She plans to close the street for the duration of the work, causing immense inconvenience to the people who typically use the road. The project has 3 parallel paths defined as the following: Path A-B-C-H will take 14 days. Path A-F-G-H will take 28 days. Path A-D-E-H will take 20 days. Given the information on hand, which of the following statements is true?

Path A-F-G-H is the critical path.

Which of the following statements is not true about risk management?

Risk management is a reactive rather than a proactive approach.

Which of the following is not one of the steps in the risk management process?

Risk tracking

A project engineer has been scheduled to run the product system test at the exact same time he is to build a marketing prototype. This is an example of a ________ constraint.

resource

If it becomes necessary to delay one or several late starts to accommodate resource limitations, this is called ________.

resource-constrained scheduling

According to Larson and Gray chapter 8, project network times are not a schedule until ________.

resources have been assigned

Some ways to generate lists of possible risks include all but ________.

simulation

When creating a software package, the software must be designed, the code must be written, and then the code must be tested. This is an example of a ________ constraint.

technical