Exam 2 - Mod 13

For a patient with chronic renal failure, which of the following hormones often needs to be therapeutically replaced? Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) Cortisol Erythropoietin Aldosterone

Erythropoietin

While the nurse is reviewing lab results, the nurse observes a patient has developed a urinary tract infection (UTI). Which microorganism did the nurse most likely observe on the report? Klebsiella Escherichia coli Herpes simplex virus Candida albicans

Escherichia coli

A patient has IgA nephropathy (Berger disease). What classic finding will the nurse assess for in this patient? Hematuria after a GI viral infection Renal colic after stone formation Large tumor on the kidney X-ray Uncontrolled hypertension

Hematuria after a GI viral infection

Which of the following complications associated with renal failure should cause the nurse to notify the primary care provider for immediate dialysis? Uremia Increased creatinine Hypertension Hyperkalemia

Hyperkalemia

A patient has nephrotic syndrome. Which lab results will the nurse observe for this patient? Elevated serum proteins Hyperlipidemia Vitamin D excess Hyperthyroidism

Hyperlipidemia

A patient has prerenal acute renal failure/acute kidney injury. What does the nurse suspect caused this condition? Enlarged prostate Hypovolemia Tubular necrosis Glomerulonephritis

Hypovolemia

A patient has chronic pyelonephritis. What does the nurse suspect occurred in the patients body? Bladder infection Kidney scarring Ureter dilation Uretheral blockage

Kidney scarring

A urologist is describing a procedure that uses ultrasound waves to break large renal calculi into smaller stones that can be passed through the urinary tract. Which procedure is the urologist discussing? Lithotripsy Pyelography Renal biopsy Enterocystoplasty

Lithotripsy

A nurse is describing a glomerular disorder. Which disease is the nurse discussing? Pyelonephritis Obstructive uropathy Interstitial cystitis Nephrotic syndrome

Nephrotic syndrome

Which of the following terms will the nurse use to describe bladder dysfunction caused by a neurological disorder? Neurogenic bladder Bladder dyssynergia Bladder prolapse Cystitis

Neurogenic bladder

A patient has an overactive bladder. While the nurse is reading the history, which data will help confirm the diagnosis of overactive bladder? Nocturia Dysuria Polyuria Hematuria

Nocturia

If a patient's right kidney becomes blocked/obstructed, what will the nurse suspect will happen in the patient's left kidney? Acute and chronic hypoperfusion Obligatory and compensatory atrophy Obligatory and compensatory growth Acute and chronic hyperperfusion

Obligatory and compensatory growth

If a patient has acute renal failure or acute kidney injury, which primary assessment finding will the nurse observe initially? Proteinuria Oliguria Hematuria Diuresis

Oliguria

A patient with cystitis has dysuria. Which of the following assessment findings are consistent with dysuria? Frequent urination Painful urination Urgent urination Low back pain upon urination

Painful urination

A patient has chronic renal failure or chronic kidney disease. Which of the following dietary nutrients should be restricted in this patient's diet? Fats Carbohydrates Protein Fiber

Protein

While the nurse is reviewing lab results, what would the urinalysis show in a patient who is developing glomerular disease? Increased urine creatinine Proteinuria Low urine sodium Renal calculi

Proteinuria

A nurse is reviewing lab results and notices that the renal function is impaired to 25% of normal functioning. Which term will the nurse use to describe this condition? End-stage renal failure Hydronephrosis Renal insufficiency Tubulointerstitial fibrosis

Renal insufficiency

A patient has uremic frost. Which area is most important for the nurse to assess? Skeletal Central nervous system Reproductive system Skin

Skin

A patients glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is 13 ml/min. Which stage of chronic kidney disease is the patient experiencing? Stage II Stage III Stage IV Stage V

Stage V

A nurse is teaching about end stage renal failure. Which information should the nurse include? End stage renal failure refers to a decline in renal function to ____ or less of normal. 75% 50% 25% 10%

10%

Which of the following patients is most at risk for the development of renal cell carcinoma? A menopausal woman An elderly active male A nonsmoker female patient A male obese patient

A male obese patient

The nurse recalls a major modifiable risk factor for the development of renal calculi in the general population is: obesity. dehydration. smoking. drinking alcohol.

dehydration.

Which principle should the nurse use to guide nursing care for a patient with an upper urinary tract obstruction? A consequence of an upper urinary tract obstruction is: renal stone formation. hydronephrosis. dilation of the urethra. nephrolithiases.

hydronephrosis.

A patient with nephrotic syndrome asks the nurse what causes the edema. How should the nurse respond? The edema results from: systemic inflammation. right heart failure. loss of plasma proteins in the urine. sodium excretion.

loss of plasma proteins in the urine.

A nurse assesses a patient with chronic renal failure for osteomalacia and spontaneous bone fractures because: excess potassium leaches calcium from the bone. erythropoietin secretion is impaired. bilirubin causes demineralization of the bone tissue. of a vitamin D deficiency.

of a vitamin D deficiency.

Which statement indicates the nurse has a good understanding of urinary tract infections and pyelonephritis? A symptom that manifests with both urinary tract infection and pyelonephritis is: stone formation. overactive bladder. painful urination. mixed incontinence.

painful urination.

A nurse is describing the pathophysiology of obstruction of the lower urinary tract. Which information should the nurse include? Obstruction of the lower urinary tract in males is often caused by: congenital stricture of a calyx. prostate enlargement. pelvic organ prolapse. urinary tract infection.

prostate enlargement.

Which lab finding will alert the nurse that the patient is experiencing nephrotic syndrome? Extreme loss of _____ in the urine. potassium sodium glucose protein

protein

A nurse recalls the main clinical manifestation of a kidney stone obstructing the ureter is: pyuria. renal colic. urge incontinence. an abdominal mass.

renal colic.

Which patient is most at risk for developing bladder cancer? A patient who: presents with exposure to asbestos. experiences urethral obstruction. has cystitis. smokes.

smokes.

Which statement indicates the nurse has a good understanding of renal calculi? Renal calculi can be formed from: urea. calcium ammonium. urobilirubin. uric acid.

uric acid.

Which patient is most prone to the development of pyelonephritis? A patient with: urinary reflux. nephrotic syndrome. respiratory disease. glomerulonephritis.

urinary reflux.

A patient has acute renal failure. What is another term the nurse can use to describe this condition? Acute kidney injury Glomerulonephritis Kidney stones Acute tubular necrosis

Acute kidney injury

A nurse is describing the pathophysiology of chronic renal failure or chronic kidney disease. Which substance should the nurse discuss? Calcium oxalate Struvite Cystine Angiotensin II

Angiotensin II

A patient has a sudden and strong desire to urinate that is associated with involuntary contractions of the detrusor. Which type of incontinence is this patient experiencing? Stress Urge Overflow Functional

Urge

A patient has a suspected urinary tract infection. Which lab is most important for the nurse to obtain? Arterial blood gas 24-hour urine collection Urine culture Hemoglobin level

Urine culture

Which of the following indicates the nurse needs more instruction regarding chronic renal failure? A cause of chronic renal failure is: hypertension. chronic glomerulonephritis. diabetes. angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors.

angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors.

The nurse is describing the pathophysiology of post streptococcal glomerulonephritis. Which information should the nurse include? The cause of this type of glomerulonephritis is: infection of the glomerular capsule secondary to a urinary tract infection. antigen-antibody complexes that deposit on the glomerular membrane. hydronephrosis from kidney stones. viral infection in the blood stream that migrates to the glomerulus.

antigen-antibody complexes that deposit on the glomerular membrane.