Exam 2 practice questions

A women reported feeling "weak in the knees" whenever she smelled Juicy Fruit gum because she associates it with her first love. Her "weak knees" would be a/an: A. UR B. CS C. US D. CR

D. CR

In the video, craving for the drug is a ________ and taking the drug and feeling relief is________. A. UR-- pos reinforcement B. UR-- neg reinforcement C. CR-- pos reinforcement D. CR-- neg reinforcement

D. CR-- neg reinforcement

Fred cringes every time he hears a dentist drill, even just sitting in the waiting room. I'm this example, the pain of dental drilling is: A. Conditioned response B. Unconditioned stimulus C. Unconditioned response D. Conditioned stimulus

B. Unconditioned stimulus

Jade re-arranges the letters HI TRE DBA T into "hit red bat." This is an example of: A. Chunking B. Elaboration C. Rehearsal D. Clustering

A. Chunking

You keep seeing a commercial for jeans that features scantily clad attractive young models. The jeans company is trying to use the jeans as: A. Conditions stimulus B. Conditioned response C. Unconditioned stimulus D. Unconditioned response

A. Conditioned stimulus

Christine said the birthday party she just went to was a lot of fun. "We played games, had cake and ice cream, and got goodie bags." In reality the ice cream was served with brownies. Her inaccurate memory is likely due to: A. Her birthday party schema B. The misinformation effect C. The source-monitoring error D. Repression

A. Her birthday party schema

The primary visual cortex in located in the A. Occipital lobes B. Temporal lobes C. Parietal lobes D. Frontal lobes

A. Occipital lobes

You push the power button on the TV remote and the TV turns on. You are more likely to push the power button in the future. This is an example of: A. Positive reinforcement B. Negative reinforcement

A. Positive reinforcement

An animal species that is normally active at night would probably have a visual system that consists primarily of A. Rods B. Cones C. Bipolar cells D. Ganglion cells

A. Rods

Recognizing the lyrics in one of the songs because (a) you knew it already or (b) after it was played, is an example of: A. Top-down processing B. Priming C. Bottom-up processing D. Both A and B

A. Top-down processing

The main functions if the cornea and the lens is to bend light A. true B. false

A. True

There are cells that respond only to familiar faces like your grandmother's A. True B. False

A. True

When a CR shows spontaneous recover, the rejuvenated response is usually: A. Weaker than before B. Stronger than before C. Later than before D. Earlier than before

A. Weaker than before

The term used to refer to the stimulation of the sense organ is: A. sensation B. perception C. transduction D. adaption

A. sensation

Transduction is the process of turning light into action potentials A. true B. false

A. true

According to Skinner, the basic principle of operant conditioning is that organisms tend to repeat responses that: A. Reduce a biological need B. Are followed by favorable consequences C. Decrease the probability of consequences that follow it D. Increase a biological need

B. Are followed by favorable consequences

Imagine you're eating your favorite food. If just thinking about it makes your mouth water, your salivation would be: A. Conditioned stimulus B. Conditioned response C. Unconditioned stimulus D. Unconditioned response

B. Conditioned response

Cones are best for peripheral vision A. True B. False

B. False

You wear earplugs on a noisy job and your ears don't hurt at the end of the day. You are more likely to wear the earplugs in the future. This is an example of: A. Positive reinforcement B. Negative reinforcement

B. Negative reinforcement

As part of a memory test, Taryn was given a list of words including dog, pail, and hate. Later she recalled these as pup, bucket, and loathe. These errors suggest she encoded the original words: A. Proactively B. Semantically C. Phonemically D. Structurally

B. Semantically

Blake was at a football game, and even though people in green jackets were spread out evenly in the stands, he still perceived them as a single group of visiting fans. This is due to the Gestalt principal of: A. Proximity B. Similarity C. Closure D. Simplicity

B. Similarity

The fovea contains only rods A. true B. false

B. false

The structure that controls the size of the pupil is the A. Lens B. Iris C. Cornea D. Vitreous Humor

B. iris

Our perception of the brightness of a color is affected mainly by A. the wavelength of light waves B. the amplitude of light waves C. the purity of light waves D. the saturation of light waves

B. the amplitude of light waves

Perception of the brightness of a color is affected mainly by: A. the wavelength of light waves B. the amplitude of light waves C. the purity of light waves D. the saturation of light waves

B. the amplitude of light waves

In farsightedness: A. close objects are seen clearly but distant objects appear blurry B. the focus of light from close objects falls behind the retina C. the focus of light from distant objects falls a little short of the retina

B. the focus of light from close objects falls behind the retina

In the video, repeated exposure to the drug-related cues is ______ and doing this in the hospital where the addict is not allowed to actually take the drug is _______. A. Operant extinction/ Classical conditioning extinction B. Operant extinction/ Operant extinction C. Classical conditioning extinction/ Operant extinction D. Classical conditioning extinction/ Classical conditioning extinction

C. Classical conditioning extinction/ Operant extinction

If the human eye were not responsive to differences in the wavelength of light, we would not be able to tell differences in: A. Brightness B. Saturation C. Color D. Purity

C. Color

Cindy is watching her little sister skip rope. While the rope is turning, all Cindy can see is a blur of color. This results from the way in which: A. Flashbulb memories work B. Episodic memory is encoded C. Sensory memory works D. Rehearsal works in short-term memory

C. Sensory memory works

The blind spot in the eye is A. Where the photoreceptor cells do not "bleach" B. The point at which ganglion cells synapse with bipolar cells C. Where the optic nerve enters the back of the eye D. What leads to color blindness

C. Where the optic nerve enters the back of the eye

A kid screams for a candy bar at Publix. The mom buys him one to shut him up. The kid starts screaming for a candy bar at Publix, Kroger's, and Walmart. This is an example of: A. Discrimination B. Higher order learning C. Conditioned emotional response D. Generalization

D. Generalization

When you listen to a lecture, the information's held in the _______memory until you write it in your notes. A. Trace B. Sensory C. Short-term D. Long-term

D. Long-term

Recognizing the lyrics in the bizarre-sounding MIDI tracks is probably related to all of the following Gestalt principals except: A. Closure B. Figure-ground C. Proximity D. Parallelism

D. Parallelism

In a painting, train tracks may look as if they go off into the distance because the artist draws the tracks as converging lines, a monocular cue to depth known as:

Linear perspective

Which theory would predict that the American flag would have a green, black, and yellow afterimage?

Opponent process theory

In what way(s) is the sense of taste like the sense of smell?

The physical stimuli for both senses are chemical substances dissolved in fluid

Perception of pitch can best be explained by:

both the place theory and frequency theory

The primary visual cortex is located in the:

occipital lobe

A readiness to perceive a stimulus in a particular way is referred to as (a):

perceptual set

The collection of rod and cone receptors that funnel signals to a particular visual cell in the retina make up that cell's:

receptive field

The fact that theories originally seen as being incompatible, such as the trichromatic and opponent process theories of color vision, are now seen as both being necessary to explain sensory processes illustrates:

the value of psychology's theoretical diversity