Exam 3
In the digestive system and urinary system, rings of smooth muscle, called ____, regulate the movement of materials along internal passageways
Sphincters
Chemical breakdown of materials by acid and enzymes takes place in the
Stomach
Glycolytic breakdown of glucose first results in ___ molecules.
A. 2 pyruvate
Haustra are
A. expandable pouches of the colon
Identify "4"
A. hydrogen atoms
Carb digestion begins in the
A. mouth
Function of the citric acid cycle is to
A. remove hydrogen atoms from organic molecules and transfer them to coenzymes
Which layer of the digestive tract has a dense irregular connective tissue that surrounds the muscularis mucosae?
A. submucosa
The nutrients that yield the most energy per gram when metabolized are
C. lipids
Identify "10"
C. oblique muscle layer
After food and gastric juices combine, the gastric contents are reffered to as
Chyme
Poisons like cyanide bind to ____ and prevent electron transfer
Cytochromes
Cells synthesize new organic components for which of the following reason?
D. all
Drug that blocks the action of hormone cholecystokinin would affect
D. all
The electron transport system
D. all
What is a nutrient pool?
D. an accessible source of substrates for a cell
Lipoproteins that carry absorbed lipids from IT to bloodstream are the
D. chylomicrons
A ___ contains all of the essential amino acids.
D. complete protein
Which of these descriptions best matches the term "myenteric plexus"?
D. coordinates activity of muscularis externa
Bile is stored in the
D. gallbladder
Process of synthesizing glucose from noncarbs is called
D. glucogenesis
The ability to function over a wide range of length is
D. plasticity
The activities of the digestive system are regulated by
E. all
The kupffer cells of the liver
E. all
The serous membrane that lines the peritoneal cavity
E. all
Identify "7"
E. pylorus
The region of the stomach that empties into the duodenum is the
E. pylorus
Which of the following is not a function of the digestive system
Filtration
Regions of the stomach include all of the following except
Ileum
The order of the small instestine segments, from proximal to distal, is
Jejunum, duodenum, ileum
The connection of the anterior portion of the tongue to the underlying epithelium is the
Lingual frenulum
The lamina propria and mucous epithelium are components of the
Mucosa
Which of the following is classified as being squamous or columnar?
Mucosal epithelium
Contraction of the ______alters the shape of the intestinal lumen and moves epithelial plates and folds
Muscularis mucosa
Waves of muscular contractions that propel the contents of the digestive tract are called
Peristalsis
Identiy the structure labelled 12
Pylorus
Which structure helps the stomach stretch as it fills with food
9
Accessory organ of digestion?
B. Pancreas
The movement of organic molecules, electrolytes, minerals, and water across digestive epithelia into interstitial fluid is
B. absorption
The esophagus connects which region of the stomach?
B. cardia
A disease that attacks and disables the myenteric plexus would
B. decrease intestinal mobility
Which form of glucose metabolism yields the greater amount of ATP?
B. electron transport system
All of the following occue durinf post absorbitive state except that
B. levels of blood glucose are elevated
The enzyme pepsin digests
B. proteins
The intestinal hormone that stimulates the pancreas to release enzymes and buffers is
B. secretin
The part of the stomach that functions as a mixing chamber for food and secretion is the
Body
