Exam 3
The normal resting pulse rate range for a child is _____________ beats per minute. A. 40 - 60 B. 60 - 100 C. 100 - 120 D. 120 -140
D. 120-140
(True/False) Acclimatization and electrolyte replacement are the two most critical factors in preventing exertional heat stroke.
False
(True/False) As stress is applied to the ankle during plantar flexion and inversion, the first ligament to tear is the calcaneofibular ligament.
False
(True/False) The interosseous membrane covers the plantar aspect of the foot.
False
(True/False) The PCL is stronger than the ACL.
True
Which of the following terms refers to a structure on both sides of the body or body part A. bilateral B. contralateral C. ipsilateral D. lateral
a. bilateral
The medial meniscus has an attachment to which of the following ligaments? a. ACL b. PCL c. MCL d. LCL
c. MCL
A loss of ________ of body mass can result in impairment in work capacity, physiologic function, and thermoregulation. a. 1% b. 2% c. 3% d. 4-5%
d. 4-5%
In assessing urine to determine an individual's hydration status, which of the following would suggest inadequate hydration? a. Light colored urine of normal volume b. Light colored urine of above normal volume c. Dark yellow urine of normal volume d. Dark yellow urine of small volume and strong odor
d. Dark yellow urine of small volume and strong odor
The function of the is to resist valgus forces acting on the knee. a. MCL b. LCL c. ACL d. PCL
d. PCL
The true ankle joint is the A. talocalcaneonavicular joint B. calcaneocuboid joint C. subtalar joint D. talocrural joint
d. talocrural joint
An excessively high arch that does not flatten during weight bearing is referred to as A. pes cavus B. pes planus C. plantar fasciitis D. hallus rigidus
A. pes cavus
The normal respiration for an adult _____________ breaths per minute. A. 8-10 B. 10-25 C. 20-25 D. 30-40
B. 10-25
Activity specific test are intended to assess each of the following EXCEPT: A. strength B. range of motion C. agility D. balance
B. range of motion
Movement of an affected part by another person or device without effort by the patient is ________ exercise. A. active B. assistive C. passive D. resistive
C. passive
Skin color can be assessed by observing A. the face B. muscuous membranes C. nail beds D. all of the above
D. all of the above
Which of the following is a common injury associated with pes planus? A. peroneal tendonitis B. plantar fasciitis C. metatarsalgia D. medial tibial stress syndrome
D. medial tibial stress syndrome
(True/False) Active movement involves joint movement performed voluntarily by the individual through muscular contraction.
True
(True/False) Turf toe is a sprain of the plantar capsular ligament of the first MTP joint.
True
Which of the following Is an example of a diuretic? a. Alcoholic beverage b. Caffeine-free soda c. Whole milk d. Orange juice
a. alcoholic beverage
Which of the following best illustrates a diagnostic sign? A. edema B. blurred vision C. nausea D. headache
a. edema
Subjective information is gained through the __________ of the HOPS process. A. history B. observation C. palpation D. special testing
a. history
The assessment of pulse includes which of the following? (choose all that apply) a. Rate b. Character c. Volume d. Intensity
a. rate c. volume
The primary objective of fluid replacement when exercising in hot, humid weather is a. To maintain plasma volume b. To satisfy thirst c. To maintain electrolyte balance d. To decrease peripheral blood flow
a. to maintain plasma volume
Which of the following blood pressure readings is considered hypertension? (Choose all that apply.) a. 120/80 b. 140/70 c. 130/96 d. 110/60 e. 140/90
b. 140/70 c. 130/96 e. 140/90
Visual analysis of overall appearance, symmetry, willingness and ability to move is called A. primary survey B. observation C. proprioceptive input D. subjective survey
b. observation
A measurable physical finding regarding the individual's condition is called a: A. primary status B. sign C. level of consciousness D. symptom
b. sign
A function of the plantar arches is to a. Smooth the weight shift to the opposite foot b. Support and distribute body weight from the talus through the foot c. Enhance the stability of the ankle joint d. To serve as attachment for ligaments within the foot
b. support and distribute body weight from the talus through the foot
The normal respiration for a child is a. 12-15 bpm b. 15-20 bpm c. 20-25 bpm d. 25-30 bpm
c. 20-25
For every pound of water lost during physical activity, of fluid should be ingested. a. 12 ounces b. 16 ounces c. 24 ounces d. 48 ounces
c. 24 ounces
The 2nd - 5th toes are comprised of phalanges. a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4
c. 3
The "C" in ACL stands for which of the following? a. Collateral b. Condyle c. Cruciate d. Central
c. Cruciate
In the history component of an assessment, information pertaining to the primary complaint focuses on the A. mechanism of injury B. characteristics of the symptoms C. injured individual's perception of the current injury D. the status of the ABC's
c. injured individual's perception of the current injury
Acclimatization to heat requires days of moderate exercise during hot weather. a. 2-3 b. 3-5 c. 7-10 d. 10-14
d. 10-14
While the background of the coach does not permit evaluation at the level of care of a healthcare professional, the coach should still be prepared A. To perform an onsite-evaluation of acute injuries B. To determine the nature and severity of a condition C. To determine the immediate management of a condition. D. All of the above
d. all of the above
Information provided by the individual regarding their perception of the problem is call a: A. primary survey B. secondary survey C. sign D. symptom
d. symptom
Which of the following best illustrates a symptom? A. deformity B. ecchymosis C. crepitation D. tinnitus
d. tinnitus
In an inversion ankle sprain, the first ligament to tear is the A. Anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) B. Calcaneofibular ligament (CFL) C. Posterior talofibular ligament (PTFL) D. Deltoid ligament
A. anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL)
The _______ is the main body stabilizer during walking or running. A. hallux B. metatarsal arch C. talocrural joint D. subtalar joint
A. hallux
Which of the following is the most common ankle sprain? A. Inversion sprain B. Eversion sprain C. Syndesmosis sprain D. No one ankle sprain is more common than another
A. inversion sprain
Which of the following predisposes an individual to eversion ankle sprains? A. pes cavus B. hypermobile feet C. hypomobile feet D. pes planus
B. hypermobile foot
A common mechanism of injury for a turf toe is A. Wearing shoes that don't fit properly B. Jamming the toe into the end of the shoe C. Increase in training D. Severe
B. jamming the toe into the end of the shoe
Acute rupture of the Achilles tendon is more commonly seen in individuals between the ages of A. 15 to 20 B. 20 to 30 C. 30 to 50 D. Over 50
C. 30 to 50
The immediate management of a suspected acute compartment syndrome includes I) Application of cold II) Application of a compression wrap III) Elevation of the lower leg IV) Total rest V) Immediate referral to an emergency room VI) Referral to a physician prior to return to activity A. I, II, III, IV, and V B. I, II, III, IV, and VI C. I, IV, and V D. I, IV, and VI
C. I, IV, and V
Supination is the combination of the movements of: A. calcaneal eversion, foot abduction, dorsiflexion B. calcaneal eversion, foot adduction, plantar flexion C. calcaneal inversion, foot adduction, plantar flexion D. calcaneal inversion, foot abduction, plantar flexion
C. calcaneal inversion, foot adduction, plantar flexion
Pulse rate is usually assessed at the _____________ artery. A. coronary B. brachial C. carotid D. vertebral
C. carotid
An individual reports to the coach with a complaint of localized tenderness over the Achilles tendon that began approximately two weeks earlier, morning stiffness to the area, and pain with active and passive motions involving the Achilles tendon. The coach should A. Assess the condition B. Permit the individual to participate in activities as normal, but encourage the individual to see a physician as soon as possible C. Not permit the individual to participate in activities until being seen by a physician D. Apply ice and compression to the area as well as fit the individual for crutches
C. permit the individual to participate in activities until being seen by a physician
Inversion and eversion movements occur primarily at the: A. talocrural joint B. intertarsal joints C. tarsometatarsal joints D. subtalar joint
D. subtalar joint
(True/False) The mechanism of injury for acute compartment syndrome is typically related to training errors (e.g. too much activity too soon).
False
(True/False) The type of footwear worn for an activity has minimal impact on the prevention of injuries to the foot and ankle.
False
(True/False) Increasing the Q-angle increases lateral patellofemoral contact pressures and could promote lateral patellar dislocation.
True
(True/False) Management of a contusion to the gastrocnemius includes the application of cold and placing the muscle in a stretched position.
True
(True/False) Rapid constriction of the pupils when the eyes are exposed to intense light is called the pupillary light reflex.
True
(True/False) Stress fractures of the tibia and fibula result from repetitive stress to the leg leading to muscle fatigue.
True
(True/False) The ACL and PCL are intrinsic to the knee joint; while the MCL and LCL are extrinsic to the knee joint.
True
(True/False) The blood supply to the lower leg, ankle and foot enters the lower extremity as the femoral artery.
True
Which of the following is considered the knee joint? a. Tibiofibular joint b. Tibiofemoral joint c. Patellafemoral joint
b. tibiofemoral joint
The anterior cruciate ligament a. Resists posterior displacement of the tibia on the femur b. Is the primary stabilizer of the knee c. Prevents anterior displacement of the tibia on the femur d. Resists varus and valgus forces to the knee
c. prevents anterior displacement of the tibia on the femur
(True/False) Although a normal amount of pronation is useful in reducing the peak forces sustained during foot impact, excessive or prolonged pronation can lead to several overuse injuries.
True
(True/False) Because the foot deforms during weight bearing, it absorbs a smaller force of longer duration than it would if the foot did not deform.
True
(True/False) Because the lateral malleolus extends further down than the medial malleolus, inversion sprains are more common than eversion sprains.
True
(True/False) If an acute compartment syndrome is not managed properly, irreversible damage can occur within 12-24 hours.
True
(True/False) In assessing an injury, a coach should determine if the individual experienced other unusual sensations at the time of injury by asking questions such as "did you hear anything" and "did you feel anything".
True
(True/False) In ensuring replacement of electrolytes lost during intense exercise in the heat, electrolyte solutions (e.g. Gatorade) are not necessary for individuals with normal, healthy diets.
True
(True/False) The coach should only complete components of an assessment that are within their standard of care.
True
(True/False) The function of the meniscus of the knee is to deepen the joint and, in doing so, provide more stability to the knee joint.
True
(True/False) The mechanism of injury is the physical cause or circumstance under which the injury occurred.
True
(True/False) The patella serves to increase the effective power of the quadriceps.
True
(True/False) The superior tibiofibular joint is located near the knee.
True
Which of the following statements is true? A. A sign of an Achilles tendon rupture is that the individual hears a "pop" in the posterior ankle. B. An individual with an Achilles tendon rupture will be able to balance on the affected leg. C. A suspected Achilles tendon rupture requires summoning of EMS D. Achilles tendon ruptures typically occur at the musculotendinous junction.
A. A sign of an Achilles tendon rupture is that the individual hears a "pop" in the posterior ankle.
Which of the following statements is true? A. The ideal blood pressure for an adult is 100/ 60. B. Blood pressure reflects the effectiveness of the circulatory system. C. Diastolic blood pressure is the pressure in the arteries when the heart is beating. D. It is critical that a coach be prepared to assess blood pressure.
B. Blood pressure reflects the effectiveness of the circulatory system.
The ligaments that stabilize the lateral aspect of the ankle include each of the following except the: A. anterior talofibular ligament B. deltoid ligament C. posterior talofibular ligament D. calcaneofibular ligament
B. deltoid ligament
Prolonged pressure against the medial aspect of the first MTP joint that leads to thickening of the medial capsule and bursa and results in a severe valgus deformity of the great toe is referred to as A. Hallus rigidus B. Hallus valgus C. MTP sprain D. Claw toe
B. hallus valgus
The least stable position of the ankle is A. Dorsiflexion B. Plantar flexion C. Inversion D. Eversion
B. plantar flexion
Which of the following is correct? A. An individual who has sustained a grade I inversion ankle sprain will report hearing a "pop" and will be able to bear weight immediately after the injury B. Swelling and ecchymosis are accurate indicators of the severity of an inversion sprain C. An individual who has sustained a grade II inversion ankle sprain will be able to bear some weight, but definitely walks with a limp. D. An individual who has sustained a grade III inversion ankle sprain will report hearing a "pop" and be able to bear some weight, but definitely walks with a limp.
C. An individual who has sustained a grade II inversion ankle sprain will be able to bear some weight, but definitely walks with a limp.
Which of the following statements is true? a. Men sweat less than women. b. Men possess more heat-activated sweat glands per unit of skin area as compared to women. c. Women can tolerate the physiologic and thermal stress of exercise as well as men of comparable fitness and level of acclimatization. d. Men rely more on circulatory mechanisms for heat dissipation whereas women rely on evaporative cooling.
C. Women can tolerate the physiologic and thermal stress of exercise as well as men of comparable fitness and level of acclimatization.
The common mechanism for a lateral ankle sprain is A. Dorsiflexion and inversion B. Dorsiflexion and eversion C. Plantar flexion and inversion D. Plantar flexion and eversion
C. plantar flexion and inversion
Medial tibial stress syndrome is aggravated by: A. passive plantar flexion B. active plantar flexion C. resisted plantar flexion D. active dorsiflexion
C. resisted plantar flexion
As a general rule, the coach should always refer an injured individual to the nearest trauma center or emergency clinic if A. any life-threatening situation is present B. the injury results in loss of normal function C. no improvement is seen in injury status after a reasonable amount of time. D. All of the above
D. all of the above
(True/False) Assessing skin temperature by placing the back of the hand against an individual's forehead provides the same precision as assessing temperature using an oral thermometer.
False
(True/False) In an acute compartment syndrome, signs of neurovascular compression will develop after the individual stops exercising.
False
(True/False) In assessing an on-site acute injury, it is critical that the coach begin the assessment by asking if the individual has sustained previous injury to the body part.
False
(True/False) In assessing pain, the only factors that need to be determined are the location and type of pain.
False
(True/False) In evaluating the eyes, depth perception is assessed by asking the individual to follow the examiner's fingers as they move through the six cardinal fields of vision.
False
(True/False) The knee is a hinge joint. As such, it is capable of flexsion/extension and abduction/adduction.
False
(True/False) There are several bursae that are a part of the knee. All of those bursae are located within the joint capsule.
False
Which of the following statements is true? a. During exercise in the heat, it is advisable to change from a sweat soaked shirt into a dry shirt to allow for more effective evaporative heat loss. b. During exercise in the heat, the ideal material for participation in activity is 100% lightweight cotton. c. During exercise in the heat, clothing that is semipermeable is effective in the evaporation of sweat. d. During exercise in the heat, light-colored, lightweight porous clothing is preferred.
d. During exercise in the heat, light-colored, lightweight porous clothing is preferred.