Exam 3 Practice MCQ

This organism undergoes "alternation of generations." Explain what that means

Alternation of generations means that the plant life cycle alternates between haploid and diploid (spends equal amounts at each stage, half in each; is alternating between multicellular haploid and multicellular diploid)

List all the taxa categories you have studied in class from most inclusive to least inclusive

Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Subphylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

Cilia are the whiplike strands that extend from the cell and aid the organism in movement (Tf)

False

Amoebas take in food by surrounding it (TF)

True

13. An organism which uses a flagellum to move, has a membrane-bound nucleus, is photosynthetic, and causes sleeping sickness, belongs to which group: a. Protists b. Archaea c. Bacteria d. Fungi e. Lichens

a

15. The sponge belongs to the phylum ____ and has_____. a. Porifera; no symmetry or tissues b. Rotifera; radial symmetry c. Porifera; radial symmetry and two tissue layers d. Ctenophora; no symmetry or tissues e. Porifera; no symmetry and segmentation

a

16. Which of the following is a protostome? a. Grasshopper b. Turtle c. Starfish d. Sea urchin e. Bird

a

19. Legumes are often associated with nitrogen-fixing root nodules formed by: a. Rhizobium sp. b. Endomycorrhizae c. Ectomycorrhizae d. Lichen e. Both answers b and c are correct

a

27. When considering fungal phylogeny, which of the groups listed below would be considered the outgroup? a. Chytrids b. Zygomycetes c. Glomeromycota d. Ascomycota e. Basidiomycota

a

7. Aquatic organisms similar to amoebas, but with thread-like pseudopodia which extend from the center belong to which group? a. Protist b. Fungi c. Bacteria d. Archaea e. Cycads

a

8. An earthworm is a segmented worm and belongs to which of the following groups: a. Annelida b. Platyhelminthes c. Nematoda d. Rotifera e. Ctenophora

a

I belong to a group called Dinoflagellates. I whip around with flagella and I can cause "red tide," a parasitic infection causing deaths in fish. I am a(n).. a. Protist b. Fungi c. Bacterium d. Archaean e. Prokaryote

a

Organisms are named based on which taxonomic level above the species identification? a.Genus b.Family c. Order d. Class e. Phylum

a

As discussed in class, what are some of the importances of Prokaryotes? Pick all that apply. aMedicine bIndustry cEnvironmental Quality Indicator dNatural Pest Control

abc

_______________________ are organisms that have extra-embryonic membranes, whereas _______________________are organisms that lay their eggs in water and so lack extra-embryonic membranes

amniotes, non-amniotes

32. Deuterostomes are animals in which the _________________ develops first, whereas protostomes are animals in which the ______________________ develops first.

anus, mouth

1. The idea that protist diversity came about as a result of unicellular organisms engulfing other cells which then became organelles is known as which theory: a. gradualism b. endosymbiosis c. endoparasitism d. uniformitarianism e. natural selection

b

11. Which of these scientific names is correctly written? a. falco peregrinus (the peregrine falcon) b. Crotalus horridus (the timber rattlesnake) c. Aneides Aeneus (the green salamander) d. Salmo (the rainbow trout) e. Marmota monax (the woodchuck)

b

18. A crayfish belongs to which phylum? a. Cnidaria b. Arthropoda c. Mollusca d. Rotifer e. Echinodermata

b

2. A taxonomic group which contains a common ancestor but not all of its descendants is known as: a. monophyletic b. paraphyletic c. polyphyletic d. anagenic e. cladogenic

b

28. Which of the following includes organisms such as jellyfish and hydras? a. Ctenophore b. Cnidaria c. Mollusca d. Annelida e. Echinodermata

b

All of the following lines of evidence can be used to determine relatedness among organisms EXCEPT asimilar amino acid sequences in proteins bmorphological similarities due to convergence csimilarities in life cycle and development dsimilar DNA sequences eexamination of the fossil record for evidence of common ancestry

b

Branch points in a phylogenetic tree represent: a.Convergent evolution b. Divergent evolution cA single mutation event dDifferent common ancestors

b

Early seedless plants that have vascular tissues continue to need to grow in humid environments for the following purpose: a. Growth b. Fertilization c. Homeostasis d. Cell division e. Pollination

b

I don't have any vascular tissues, so I have to live where it's moist. I'm a plant that belongs to which group? a. Pteridophytes b. Bryophytes c. Gymnosperms d. Angiosperms e. Algeae

b

It is clear that I'm a mushroom, but I belong to the same group that houses shelf fungi, mold, rust, and mycorrhizae. I am a(n): a. Ascomycete b. Basidiomycete c. Glomeromycete d. Zygomycete e. Chytrid

b

Why are the bryophytes called nonvascular plants? A)because they are specialized for transporting water and organic nutrients B)because their roots, stems, and leaves lack vascular tissue C)because they protect their embryo D)because they produce wind-blown spores

b

With respect to the life cycle of mushroom-producing basidiomycete, which of the following structures is haploid? A)zygote B)basidiospore

b

_______________________part of the ocean includes organisms such as tube worms that are adapted to life at the sea floor where sunlight cannot reach

benthic

A python makes a nice meal out of a rabbit

bulk feeder

14. You find an organism that looks like a mushroom. Upon closer inspection, you notice that it has gill-like structures underneath its mushroom cap. You decide that this organism belongs to the fungal group known as: a. Zygomycete b. Ascomycete c. Basidiomycete d. Glomeromycete e. Chytrid

c

3. The evolutionary history of a species or group of species is known as: a. systematic b. taxonomy c. phylogeny d. microevolution e. macroevolution

c

4. An organism which may be shaped like a rod, sphere, or spiral, moves by taxis, has a ring of DNA, and causes disease belongs to the group: a. Fungi b. Archaea c. Bacteria d. Lichens e. Eukarya

c

6. A unicellular organism that is considered phytoplankton and has a true nucleus belongs to which group? a. Fungi b. Bacteria c. Protista d. Yeast e. Archaea

c

Animals in the chordate phylum or group a. Have wings b. Have hair c. Have a backbone

c

Chordates have a. Radial symmetry b. Asymmetry c. Bilateral Symmetry

c

Chordates reproduce by a. Budding b. Fission c. Sexually

c

Early-evolved land plants need to be close to ____ because they lack vascular tissues. a. Other similar plants b. Algae c. Water d. Nitrogen e. All of the above

c

I am a spirochete and I can cause diseases like Lyme and syphilis. I am a(n): a. Protist b. Fungi c. Bacterium d. Archaean e. Mycorrhizae f. Algea g. Protist

c

Which generation is dominant in the bryophytes? A) the generations are equally dominant B) the sporophyte C) the gametophyte D) there is no sporophyte generation in bryophytes

c

Which of the following features is common to prokaryotic cells? a. A nucleus, featuring a nuclear envelope with pores b. Well-defined organelles c. Varying shapes such as cocci, bacilli, and spirochetes d. Pseudopodia for locomotion

c

Which of the following is NOT an example of a shared characteristic that can be used to assess relatedness between species? aRed hair bBrown eyes cNo stripes dTwo eyes

c

A scientist found a eukaryotic organism which is unicellular and likes to live in the guts of animals where there is no oxygen. It uses carbon dioxide as its source for making its own nutrients

chemoautotroph

Indian pipe is a plant that has no chlorophyll and forms a parasitic association with mycorrhizal fungus to obtain energy and organic compounds.

chemohetertroph

Your dog requires organic compounds for both energy and carbon

chemohetertroph

31. The _______________________ is fluid-filled and is located between the gut and body wall, providing cushioning for internal organs

coelom

Two different populations derived from different ancestors live in the same environment. They both evolved flat teeth that enable grinding. This is an example of _________________ evolution.

convergent

10. The most fundamental difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes is that eukaryotes have: a. Multiple cells b. A cell wall c. Genetic material d. A membrane-bound nucleus e. A plasma membrane

d

17. Squid and octopus are classified into which of the following invertebrate phyla? a. Porifera b. Annelida c. Cnidaria d. Mollusca e. Rotifera

d

23. Generally, within a lineage, the largest number of shared derived characters should be found among two organisms that are members of the same: a. kingdom b. class c. domain d. family e. order

d

Aspect(s) of the populations' phenotypes that can be used as criteria to judge relatedness include a. Morphology b. Behavior c. Physiology d. All of the above

d

These organisms include truffles and morels--yummy! They are used to produce Penicillin and perfumes. They are characterized by a cup-like structure and lots live in the arctic tundra. a. Chytrids b. Zygomycetes c. Basidiomycetes d. Ascomycetes e. Glomeromycetes

d

The advantages of a ___________ skull are its lighter, making walking upright on land easier, and it allows space for jaw muscles

diapsid

36. Alligators have a type of skull known as ____________________, whereas beavers have a type of skull known as ____

diapsid, synapsid

12. What is the tangled mass of branched filaments that typically forms the fungal body? a. Sporangia b. Rhizobia c. Conidia d. Rhizoids e. Mycelia

e

25. Which of the following are characteristics that all chordates have at some point in development? a. Notochord b. Dorsal, hollow nerve cord c. Pharyngeal slits or clefts d. Muscular, post-anal tail e. All of the above

e

26. Which of the following groups of organisms is triploblastic? a. Porifera b. Cnidaria c. Ctenophore d. Choanoflagellates e. Mollusca

e

5. Which of the following is true about chordates? a. are all deuterostomes b. are coelomates c. have a notochord at some point in development d. have bilateral symmetry e. All of the above

e

Which of the following characteristics are common among prokaryotes? a. circular DNA b. plasmids c. taxis d. cell wall e. All of the above f. Only a and c are correct

e

35. The naked mole rat can regulate its temperature internally, so it is a(n) ____________________, but it also fluctuates its body temperature according to its burrow, so it may also be classified as a(n) ________

endotherm, heterotherm

_______________________are sites where rivers meet the ocean; and they are shallow, sunlit, with lots of nutrients.

esturaries

Go back to your list and then fill in the correct taxonomic names per taxa category for the leopard

eukarya, animalia, chordata, vertebrata, mammalia, carnivora, felidae, panthera, lutra

Chordates have an external or exoskeleton (Tf)

false

Name at least one organism that belongs to the group Pteridophya

ferns/ lycophytes /whisk/ ferns /horse tails

Ectoparasites such as fleas and ticks

fluid feeder

Hummingbirds are pollinators that like to feed at bright red, tubular flowers.

fluid feeder

Vampire bats are sanguivores that feed on livestock at night

fluid feeder

Whale flippers and human hands have similar bone structure because they're _____________ structures

homologous

_______________________are bodies of standing freshwater; characterized by specific zones and thermal stratification

lakes

Dynobrium sp. can photosynthesize if the conditions are right yet can also ingest its food.

mixotroph

Bacteria in the genus Clostridium, can cause infections such as botulism and gangrene. People with these infections are treated by being placed in a hyperbaric chamber (high oxygen).

obligate anaerobe prokaryote

Plants use light to make ATP that in turn is used to convert CO2 into more complex carbohydrates

photoautroph

A bacterium that can use light for energy but must rely on organic compounds as its carbon source

photoheterotroph

Assessing the evolutionary history of wild cat species and noting shared characteristics among the species is practicing the study of ___________

phylogeny

A basidiomycete can feed on a dead log and as such also acts as a decomposer

saprobe

A flagellated eukaryotic single-celled organism that eats decaying material

saprobe

The current primary method of analyzing species relatedness and building phylogenetic trees, given the incomplete fossil record and the high degree of similarity amongst closely related species, is ____________.

sequencing

A leaf miner lives on leaves, eating through its cells and carrying out all of its life functions there

substrate feeder

A whale uses baleen to act as a sieve for water in order to catch small crustaceans such as krill

suspension feeder

________________ is the least toxic excretory product and the most costly to make, and is usually excreted by shelled amniotes.

uric acid