Exam 4 Pharm-practice

A nurse is preparing to administer amoxicillin 30 mg/kg/day in 2 equally divided doses every 12 hr to a toddler who weighs 33 lb. Available is amoxicillin 200 mg/5 mL suspension. How many mL should the nurse administer. (Round the answer to the nearest tenth. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)

5.6

A client is prescribed ibuprofen for knee pain. When the client is admitted to the hospital with abdominal pain, which assessment should the nurse prioritize? A-assessment for hematemesis B-assessment for hemoptysis C-assessment for hematuria D-assessment for diarrhea

???

Which of the following medications are used to treat viral infections? Select all that apply. A-lamivudine B-zidovudine C-zanamivir D-saquinavir E-cidofovir Correct! acyclovir

A,B,C,D,E

Which hepatic viruses can be prevented by vaccination? Select all that apply. A-Hepatitis A B-Hepatitis C C-Hepatitis D D-Hepatitis B

A,D

The client has just begun taking metronidazole and calls the clinic to report that her urine has turned very dark. What is the nurse's best response to this client? A-"This is an expected side effect. Your urine color will return to normal after you stop taking this drug." B-"Please come to the clinic as soon as possible for a urinalysis." C-"If you drink more fluid, your urine will get light in color again." D-"Go immediately to the emergency department because the medication is causing bleeding from your bladder."

A-"This is an expected side effect. Your urine color will return to normal after you stop taking this drug."

An adult client being treated for breast cancer inquired about required vaccinations. What information should the nurse provide to this client? A-Avoid all live vaccines. B-Receive a tetanus-diphtheria-pertussis booster. C-Be immunized against pneumococcal disease promptly. D-Avoid all immunizations for the next 24 months.

A-Avoid all live vaccines.

A client is taking rifampin, an antimycobacterial, for active TB. The nurse should stress that what may be caused by the use of this drug? A-Body fluids such as urine, saliva, tears, and sputum may become discolored. B-The drug usually causes cardiac arrhythmias. C-The drug frequently causes seizure activity. D-Facial flushing may appear but will go away once therapy is concluded.

A-Body fluids such as urine, saliva, tears, and sputum may become discolored

An older adult client is treated for pneumonia with clindamycin. One week after the completion of the medication, the client develops diarrhea. What is the most probable cause of the diarrhea? A-Change in normal flora B-Incontinence C-Foodborne illness D-Crohn's disease

A-Change in normal flora

While studying the T- and B-cell immune suppressors, the nursing students learn that the most commonly used immune suppressant is: A-Cyclosporine. B-Epoetin alfa. C-Colchicine. D-Filgrastim.

A-Cyclosporine.

The nurse is caring for a client receiving amphotericin B. Which condition should the nurse assess for in this client? A-Phlebitis B-swelling at the subcutaneous injection site C-bruising at the intramuscular injection site D-nausea 30 minutes after administered orally

A-PHLEBITIS

Aspirin is not recommended for use in children. This is due to its association with which condition? A-Reye's syndrome B-gastrointestinal blockage C-growth retardation D-megaloblastic anemia

A-Reye's syndrome

The home care nurse is caring for a female client who underwent renal transplantation 8 weeks ago and is self-administering immunosuppressant drugs. What situation in the client's life is the greatest cause for concern? A-She runs a sick child day care. B-She likes to walk ½ mile a day. C-She runs a secretarial business from home. D-She is a vegetarian.

A-She runs a sick child day care.

The college health nurse is providing health education for freshmen. Which piece of information about immunizations is applicable to individuals of this age group? A-The yearly administration of flu vaccine is recommended. B-The tetanus toxoid must be within 2 years. C-The administration of hepatitis B vaccine is mandatory. D-The pneumococcal vaccine is recommended for everyone less than 65 years of age.

A-The yearly administration of flu vaccine is recommended.

Immune stimulants include which classification of drugs? Select all that apply. A-T- and B-cell suppressors B-Interleukins C-Interferons D-Monoclonal antibodies

B&C

Which statement by a client receiving gold salts indicates understanding of the drug therapy? A-"These drugs are safer than most of the other drugs for arthritis." B-"These drugs will help prevent further damage from my disease." C-"These drugs should help because I've had the disease for so long." D-"These drugs are used first to try to control my severe disease."

B-"These drugs will help prevent further damage from my disease."

The elderly client returns for a health care visit and asks the nurse why another flu shot was necessary this year because the client got one last year. The nurse's best response is: A-The vaccine is good for 5 years, so he did not need another one yet. B-Each year a new vaccine is developed based on the strains most prevalent. C-Once a client turns 75, he needs vaccine boosters every 2 years. D-The vaccine is given every 6 months to prevent the flu.

B-Each year a new vaccine is developed based on the strains most prevalent.

A nurse is conducting client teaching prior to discharge home. The client is taking ciprofloxacin. What would you teach this client is the best way to prevent crystalluria caused by ciprofloxacin? A-Give phenazopyridine qid. B-Encourage at least 2 L of fluid per day. C-Offer the bed pan or commode every 2 hours. D-Limit fluids to 500 cc per day.

B-Encourage at least 2 L of fluid per day.

The nurse has been administering interleukins to a client. What change in the client's health status would indicate successful therapy? A-Decrease in number of natural killer cells B-Increase in the number of lymphocytes C-Maintenance of adequate circulating platelets D-Decrease in inflammation

B-Increase in the number of lymphocytes

What assessment should the nurse perform when monitoring for the most serious adverse effects that can occur with the use of monoclonal antibodies? A-Temperature B-Lung auscultation C-Platelet levels D0Pupillary response

B-Lung auscultation

A client is receiving tamoxifen, an estrogen receptor blocker. Which adverse effect would be most specific to the action of this drug? A-Gastrointestinal toxicity B-Menopausal effects C-Hepatic dysfunction D-Bone marrow suppression

B-Menopausal effects

A nurse is caring for a client in the early stage of rheumatoid arthritis. The nurse would expect which medication classification to be used in the treatment of this client? A-Antimalarial agents B-Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) C-Uricosuric agents D-Xanthine oxidase inhibitors

B-Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)

Which patients are at a greater risk for liver failure during administration of acetaminophen? A-Patients with urinary tract infections B-Patients who consume alcohol habitually C-Patients who have diabetes D-Patients with high blood pressure

B-Patients who consume alcohol habitually

A client enters the emergency department with reports of visual changes, drowsiness, and tinnitus. The client is found to be confused and hyperventilating. These signs and symptoms may be attributable to which condition? A-Acetaminophen toxicity B-Salicylism C-Ibuprofen toxicity D-Caffeine overdose

B-Salicylism

Amphotericin B, an antifungal agent, is a very potent drug with many unpleasant adverse effects. Which of the following is a potential adverse effect? A-Weight gain B-Severe renal impairment C-Bone marrow stimulation D-Visual disturbances

B-Severe renal impairment

A client with severe rheumatoid arthritis of the knees has arrived at the facility for an injection of a drug into the joint. Which agent would the nurse most likely expect to be used? A-Penicillamine B-Sodium hyaluronate C-Etanercept D-Auranofin

B-Sodium hyaluronate

A client has been diagnosed with severe rheumatoid arthritis, and sodium hyaluronate has been ordered. What is the nurse's best action? A-Assess the client's deltoid and ventrogluteal injection sites. B-Teach the client that an injection in the joint will be required. C-Establish intravenous access. D-Contact the health care provider to question the order.

B-Teach the client that an injection in the joint will be required.

A man who was working on his outside deck comes to the emergency department after sustaining a puncture wound of his hand from a large nail. Which would the nurse expect to administer? A-Hepatitis A vaccine B-Tetanus toxoid C-Zoster vaccine D-Lymphocyte immune globulin

B-Tetanus toxoid

When monitoring the therapeutic efficacy of allopurinol therapy, the nurse should prioritize the results of what diagnostic test? A-liver enzymes B-serum uric acid levels C-absolute neutrophil count D-C-reactive protein level (CPR)

B-serum uric acid levels

A female client has been admitted to the emergency department in distress and the nurse's review of the client's medication administration record reveals that the client takes cyclosporine. What is the nurse's most appropriate assessment question for the client's family members? A-"Is there any chance at all that she may be pregnant?" B-"Has she ever been treated for cancer?" C-"Has she ever been the recipient of a tissue transplant?" D-"Do you happen to know her HIV status?"

C-"Has she ever been the recipient of a tissue transplant?"

Which client would likely be the most appropriate candidate for treatment with filgrastim? A-A client who developed acute renal failure secondary to rhabdomyolysis. B-A client who has undergone a mastectomy for the treatment of breast cancer. C-A client whose acute myelogenous leukemia necessitated a bone marrow transplant. D-A client with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) who has been diagnosed with Kaposi's sarcoma, a type of cancer that forms masses in the skin.

C-A client whose acute myelogenous leukemia necessitated a bone marrow transplant.

A client with rheumatoid arthritis has been prescribed a gold salt. What medication should the nurse look for on the client's medication administration record? A-Anakinra B-Celecoxib C-Auranofin D-Mesalamine

C-Auranofin

A client is prescribed filgrastim. Which is the nurse's best explanation of how this drug works? A-It aids in the development of platelets by the bone marrow. B-It inhibits the growth of bacteria in the body. C-It stimulates growth and production of WBCs to fight off infection. D-It functions like insulin, lowering the blood sugar.

C-It stimulates growth and production of WBCs to fight off infection.

Which intervention should be performed prior to initiating antibiotic therapy? A-Premedicate with acetaminophen. B-Administer an antidiarrheal to prevent GI upset. C-Obtain a specimen for culture and sensitivity. D-Increase fluid intake.

C-Obtain a specimen for culture and sensitivity.

It is common practice to draw culture and sensitivity tests to determine the most effective antibiotic that will treat the causative agent of the client's infection. What does "culture" determine? A-Length of time the client has experienced infection B-The site of infection C-Specifically what organism is causing the infection D-Electrolyte imbalance

C-Specifically what organism is causing the infection

A nurse is assigned to care for a client with tuberculosis who has been prescribed rifampin. What should the nurse confirm to be sure that rifampin is not contraindicated in the client? A-The client does not have severe hepatic damage. B-The client does not have diabetes mellitus. C-The client does not have renal impairment. D-The client does not have acute gout.

C-The client does not have renal impairment.

Metronidazole, an antiprotozoal, should be used with caution in what type of clients? A-Those with a history of myocardial infarction B-Those with diabetes type 1 C-Those with central nervous system disorders D-Those with cardiac arrhythmia

C-Those with central nervous system disorders

Which nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) appears to work by specifically inhibiting cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) without inhibiting cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1)? A=naproxen B-ibuprofen C-celecoxib D-meloxicam

C-celecoxib

A client has been placed on amphotericin B. The nurse caring for this client should administer this medication: A-intramuscularly. B-subcutaneously. C-intravenously. D-orally.

C-intravenously.

If clients receive drugs that are known to induce superinfections, they should be monitored for signs of: A-blood clots. B-hemorrhage. C-new infection. D-myocardial infarction.

C-new infection.

A HIV-positive patient has been taking nevirapine for 9 weeks. Which clinical manifestation best indicates to the nurse that the patient is experiencing hepatotoxicity from this medication? A-decreased urine output B-thirst C-yellow sclera D-headache

C-yellow sclera

A parent hears the health care provider using the word extravasation. The parent asks the nurse what extravasation means. What would be a correct answer? A-"Extravasation is when blood vessels are severed." B-"Extravasation is a disease that causes shock." C-"Extravasation is when fluid is pooled in one part of the body." D-"Extravasation is when fluid escapes from a blood vessel into the surrounding tissue."

D-"Extravasation is when fluid escapes from a blood vessel into the surrounding tissue."

A client diagnosed with iron deficiency has been taking oral ferrous sulfate for the past several days. When the nurse is assessing for therapeutic effects, what question is most warranted? A-"Do you feel like you're able to see a bit more clearly now?" B-"Is your skin feeling itchy when you're at rest?" C-"Are you having any leg spasms or restless legs at night?" D-"How is your energy level compared with a few days ago?"

D-"How is your energy level compared with a few days ago?"

A client with a fungal infection has been prescribed a miconazole vaginal suppository. What education should the nurse provide about safe and effective administration? A-"Take showers rather than baths until you've finished the course of medication." B-"Insert the medication into your lower vagina so that it's distributed evenly." C-"You can douche up to once per day to help distribute the medication." D-"If possible, lie down for 10 or 15 minutes after inserting the medication."

D-"If possible, lie down for 10 or 15 minutes after inserting the medication."

A nurse is aware that the concept of selective toxicity is foundational to antimicrobial therapy. Which statement most accurately describes selective toxicity? A-A drug can be isolated and produced in a controlled manner in a laboratory setting. B-Most microbes may be collected from a host and cultured on an alternative medium. C-A drug's effect on microorganisms is proportionate to dose. D-A drug harms microbes without harming human cells.

D-A drug harms microbes without harming human cells.

A drug that does not actually cause the death of a cell but does interfere with its ability to reproduce is said to be: A-Drug Resistance B-Broad Spectrum C-Bactericidal D-Bacteriostatic

D-Bacteriostatic

A patient taking tamoxifen to reduce the risk of contralateral breast cancer asks the nurse about adverse effects of the drug. What is an adverse effect of tamoxifen? A-Stomatitis B-Mucositis C-Thrombocytopenia D-Cerebrovascular accidents

D-Cerebrovascular accidents

A client with leukemia is being treated with a combination of antineoplastics, including methotrexate. The client's most recent laboratory results indicate the client is experiencing bone marrow suppression. What is the nurse's priority action? A-Encourage the client to limit physical activity in order to reduce the risk of bleeding. B-Space out the client's care to preserve energy and prevent fatigue. C-Provide small quantities of food several times per day, as tolerated. D-Ensure that all staff and visitors adhere to infection control precautions.

D-Ensure that all staff and visitors adhere to infection control precautions.

A client is diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis. Which medication would the nurse expect the primary health care provider to prescribe? A-Diazepam B-Allopurinol C-Risedronate D-Hydroxychloroquine

D-Hydroxychloroquine

A group of nursing students are presenting information on the hepatitis B vaccine. What would the students prepare to tell others about the recommended population? A-People over the age of 65 B-People with diabetes mellitus or renal disease C-Children under the age of 15 D-Infants and people at high risk for contracting the disease

D-Infants and people at high risk for contracting the disease

Which instruction is appropriate to include in the health teaching for a client receiving anti-infective medication? A-Keep any remaining pills for future infections. B-Stop taking the drug when you feel better to prevent toxicity. C-Use this drug to treat other infections. D-Medication needs to be taken as prescribed.

D-Medication needs to be taken as prescribed.

The nurse is caring for a client who is taking ciprofloxacin, a fluoroquinolone, for treatment of otitis externa. The nurse instructs the client to notify the health care provider immediately if the client experiences what symptom? A-Nausea B-Diarrhea C-Dizziness D-Tendon pain

D-Tendon pain

A patient began treatment with interferon alfa-2a several days ago and the care team is pleased with the patient's response at this point in treatment. However, the patient has stated to the nurse that he feels increasingly despondent and claims to have lost all hope of recovering from his disease, despite being an optimistic person. How should the nurse best interpret the patient's statements? A-The patient may have misunderstood the potential benefits of interferon alfa-2a. B-The patient is likely becoming aware of psychosocial issues that surround interferon alfa-2a treatment. C-The patient is likely to experience a compensatory period of mania in the coming days. D-The patient may be having psychological adverse effects of interferon alfa-2a.

D-The patient may be having psychological adverse effects of interferon alfa-2a.

A nurse has administered a prescribed dose of acetaminophen to a hospital client with a fever. This medication will reduce the client's temperature by what means? A-reacting with free-floating tumor necrosis (TNF) factor that is released by active leukocytes B-blocking the increase of interleukin-1 C-being taken up by macrophages, thus inhibiting phagocytosis and release of lysosomal enzymes D-acting directly on the hypothalamus to cause vasodilation and sweating

D-acting directly on the hypothalamus to cause vasodilation and sweating

A female patient is taking oral cyclophosphamide therapy for breast cancer. Because of possible adverse effects of the drug, the nurse will instruct the patient to: A-limit fluid intake. B-increase the protein in her diet. C-take the medication at bedtime. D-drink a lot of water.

D-drink a lot of water.

The nurse will appraise the success or failure of treatment of filgrastim therapy by regularly monitoring the results of what diagnostic test? A-platelet count B-red blood cell count and hemoglobin C-serum ammonia level D-neutrophil count

D-neutrophil count