Fetal Head and Brain
The cisterna magna should not exceed ____ in the transcerebellar plane.
10 mm
A condition in which a complete or partial absence of the cranial bones is demonstrated is which one of the following?
Acrania
The "sunburst" of the cerebral sulci is a sonographic finding of:
Agenesis of the corpus callosum
The absence of the cavum septi pellucidi is a distinguishing characteristic of which one of the following fetal anomalies?
Agenesis of the corpus callosum
Which one of the following is the most severe form of holoprosencephaly and is characterized by a single common ventricle and malformed brain?
Alobar
Which one of the following abnormalities is the most common open neural tube defect?
Anencephaly
Which one of the following neural tube defects is characterized by a lack of development of the cerebral and cerebellar hemispheres and cranial vault and is an abnormality that is incompatible with life?
Anencephaly
Which one of the following statements about anencephaly is incorrect?
Anencephaly has a male prevalence.
The fourth ventricle is located:
Anterior to the cerebellar vermis
The third ventricle communicates with the fourth ventricle at the:
Aqueduct of Sylvius
The most common cause of hydrocephalus in utero is:
Aqueductal stenosis
Differential considerations of Dandy-Walker malformation should include which one of the following?
Arachnoid cyst
A lemon-shaped skull is related to:
Arnold-Chiari II malformation
Which of the following signs are characteristic of the Arnold-Chiari malformation?
Banana- and lemon-shaped
The third ventricle is located:
Between the two lobes of the thalamus
Which of the following will also typically be absent with agenesis of thecorpus callosum?
CSP
Enlargement of the frontal horns and narrowing of the occipital horns is termed:
Colpocephaly
The condition in which the frontal horns are small and the occipital horns are enlarged is referred to as:
Colpocephaly
The band of tissue that allows communication between the right and left cerebral hemispheres is the:
Corpus callosum
What cerebral malformation is as a result of agenesis or hypoplasia of the cerebellar vermis?
DWM
All of the following are sonographic features of alobar holoprosencephaly except:
Dorsal cyst
Which one of the following defects is associated with Meckel-Gruber syndrome?
Encephalocele
The double fold of dura mater that divides the cerebral hemispheres is the:
Falx cerebri
Which of the following should not be included in the correct level for an HC measurement?
Fourth ventricle
With what structure does the posterior fossa cyst associated with DWM communicate?
Fourth ventricle
What cerebral abnormality are atypical facial features most commonly associated with?
Holoprosencephaly
The sonographic finding of a fluid-filled cranium with absence of cerebral tissue is consistent with:
Hydranencephaly
Which one of the following abnormalities is described as the congenital absence of the cerebral hemispheres resulting from an occlusion of the internal carotid arteries?
Hydranencephaly
Ventriculomegaly coupled with an enlargement of the fetal head is called which one of the following?
Hydrocephalus
Which of the following is located on both sides of the midline?
Lateral ventricles
The lack of sulci within the fetal cerebrum is a reliable indicator of:
Lissencephaly
Which of the following would not be normally located within the midline of the fetal brain?
Lobes of the thalamus
A normal shaped skull is termed:
Mesocephaly
What fetal suture is located within the frontal bone along the midline of the forehead?
Metopic suture
Which one of the following statements about microcephaly is incorrect?
Microcephaly is an abnormally large head.
Following an intracranial hemorrhage, a cyst is noted within the cerebrum that communicates with the lateral ventricle. This is referred to as:
Porencephaly
The development of fluid-filled cleft within the cerebrum is consistent with:
Schizencephaly
A cloverleaf-shaped skull is related to:
Thanatophoric dysplasia
The interthalamic adhesion (massa intermedia) passes through the:
Third ventricle
A strawberry-shaped skull is commonly associated with:
Trisomy 18
The choroid plexus cyst could be associated with an increase risk of:
Trisomy 18
Dangling choroid sign is associated with:
Ventriculomegaly
A vein of Galen malformation is which one of the following abnormalities?
all the above
The differential considerations of anencephaly include all of the following except:
arachnoid cyst.
Conditions commonly associated with fetal hydrocephalus include all of the following except:
choroid plexus cyst.
Anomalies associated with anencephaly include all of the following except:
holoprosencephaly.
Facial anomalies in holoprosencephaly may represent all of the following except:
hypertelorism.