Fetal Head and Brain

The cisterna magna should not exceed ____ in the transcerebellar plane.

10 mm

A condition in which a complete or partial absence of the cranial bones is demonstrated is which one of the following?

Acrania

The "sunburst" of the cerebral sulci is a sonographic finding of:

Agenesis of the corpus callosum

The absence of the cavum septi pellucidi is a distinguishing characteristic of which one of the following fetal anomalies?

Agenesis of the corpus callosum

Which one of the following is the most severe form of holoprosencephaly and is characterized by a single common ventricle and malformed brain?

Alobar

Which one of the following abnormalities is the most common open neural tube defect?

Anencephaly

Which one of the following neural tube defects is characterized by a lack of development of the cerebral and cerebellar hemispheres and cranial vault and is an abnormality that is incompatible with life?

Anencephaly

Which one of the following statements about anencephaly is incorrect?

Anencephaly has a male prevalence.

The fourth ventricle is located:

Anterior to the cerebellar vermis

The third ventricle communicates with the fourth ventricle at the:

Aqueduct of Sylvius

The most common cause of hydrocephalus in utero is:

Aqueductal stenosis

Differential considerations of Dandy-Walker malformation should include which one of the following?

Arachnoid cyst

A lemon-shaped skull is related to:

Arnold-Chiari II malformation

Which of the following signs are characteristic of the Arnold-Chiari malformation?

Banana- and lemon-shaped

The third ventricle is located:

Between the two lobes of the thalamus

Which of the following will also typically be absent with agenesis of thecorpus callosum?

CSP

Enlargement of the frontal horns and narrowing of the occipital horns is termed:

Colpocephaly

The condition in which the frontal horns are small and the occipital horns are enlarged is referred to as:

Colpocephaly

The band of tissue that allows communication between the right and left cerebral hemispheres is the:

Corpus callosum

What cerebral malformation is as a result of agenesis or hypoplasia of the cerebellar vermis?

DWM

All of the following are sonographic features of alobar holoprosencephaly except:

Dorsal cyst

Which one of the following defects is associated with Meckel-Gruber syndrome?

Encephalocele

The double fold of dura mater that divides the cerebral hemispheres is the:

Falx cerebri

Which of the following should not be included in the correct level for an HC measurement?

Fourth ventricle

With what structure does the posterior fossa cyst associated with DWM communicate?

Fourth ventricle

What cerebral abnormality are atypical facial features most commonly associated with?

Holoprosencephaly

The sonographic finding of a fluid-filled cranium with absence of cerebral tissue is consistent with:

Hydranencephaly

Which one of the following abnormalities is described as the congenital absence of the cerebral hemispheres resulting from an occlusion of the internal carotid arteries?

Hydranencephaly

Ventriculomegaly coupled with an enlargement of the fetal head is called which one of the following?

Hydrocephalus

Which of the following is located on both sides of the midline?

Lateral ventricles

The lack of sulci within the fetal cerebrum is a reliable indicator of:

Lissencephaly

Which of the following would not be normally located within the midline of the fetal brain?

Lobes of the thalamus

A normal shaped skull is termed:

Mesocephaly

What fetal suture is located within the frontal bone along the midline of the forehead?

Metopic suture

Which one of the following statements about microcephaly is incorrect?

Microcephaly is an abnormally large head.

Following an intracranial hemorrhage, a cyst is noted within the cerebrum that communicates with the lateral ventricle. This is referred to as:

Porencephaly

The development of fluid-filled cleft within the cerebrum is consistent with:

Schizencephaly

A cloverleaf-shaped skull is related to:

Thanatophoric dysplasia

The interthalamic adhesion (massa intermedia) passes through the:

Third ventricle

A strawberry-shaped skull is commonly associated with:

Trisomy 18

The choroid plexus cyst could be associated with an increase risk of:

Trisomy 18

Dangling choroid sign is associated with:

Ventriculomegaly

A vein of Galen malformation is which one of the following abnormalities?

all the above

The differential considerations of anencephaly include all of the following except:

arachnoid cyst.

Conditions commonly associated with fetal hydrocephalus include all of the following except:

choroid plexus cyst.

Anomalies associated with anencephaly include all of the following except:

holoprosencephaly.

Facial anomalies in holoprosencephaly may represent all of the following except:

hypertelorism.