Final

How should women approach men in a public speaking situation?

Discipline themselves not to fall into habits such as apologizing for having an opinion.

This is an appropriate central idea statement: "To inspire my classmates with the story of Simon Biles' accomplishments."

False

According to the textbook, the upper limit on number of main ideas is ___.

Five

Keith believes the strength of his 7-minute classroom speech will be in the visuals. He creates a slide show with 20 slides. Is this best?

He should not assume that the visuals will make up for flaws in the speech.

Minimizing distance between the speaker and the audience is a way to influence the attention level of the audience in a positive way. (T or F)

True

One reason that deductive reasoning can be wrong is that the major premise is a false statement. (T or F)

True

Search engines such as Google and Yahoo allow you to narrow the search through certain filters, as you can do in library databases. (T or F)

True

Some opinions are phrased in ways that make them sound like facts.

True

The speaker should state the source of the quotation used in an introduction before giving the quotation.

True

The three parts of a syllogism are major premise, minor premise, and conclusion.(T or F)

True

Today's library catalogs include electronic books as well as physical books on the shelves, or "stacks" of the library you are accessing. (T or F)

True

Using research properly relates to the ethics and credibility of a speech. (T or F)

True

When the textbook states "Public speaking requires muscle memory" it means public speaking is a physical activity that relies on practice.

True

What is the acronym the textbook author uses to explain that speakers should consider their audience's needs and interests in developing speech topics?

WIIFM

Which is true about attention as a psychological principle?

What we pay attention to is affected by past training or educational experiences.

Which is a researched-based observation about how men and women communicate differently?

men are socialized to solve problems even when it's not expected.

"Anything that disrupts, interrupts, or interferes with the communication process" is

noise

Which of these is a common error in speech introductions?

speaking as one approaches the platform or lectern

Which of the following would you most likely find in a speech introduction?

A startling statement or fact

Which of the following is suggested as a reason for anxiety in public speaking?

A mindset that the speech must meet a standard of perfection.

Which of the following statements are true about credibility, according to the textbook?

A speaker's level of credibility may change during the presentation.

How does "time" affect a presentation?

(All are true.) - Audiences can become unable to listen as well after a certain number of minutes. - The organization or person who asks you to speak may have expectations about time limits. - An audience may experience a speech very differently at one time of day versus another.

Using another person as a visual aid is effective if:

(all) - The person is dressed appropriately - It is helpful to the speech - You only touch them minimally or only as necessary - You ask the person's permission ahead of time

Janice wants to bring her dog to class for a speech about how the laws against pit bulls are unfair. What does she need to think about?

(all) - Whether the dog is necessary to make her points. - Whether her dog is good around strange people. - Whether the college allows dogs to be brought into classrooms, other than for helping persons with disabilities. - Whether anyone is allergic to dogs in her classroom

The text on slides should probably not go smaller than _____ font.

22 point

The analogy used in the book between an outline of a speech and the speech itself was between

A blueprint and a house

What is meant by "extemporaneous speech?"

A speech based on an outline, which provides flexibility in preparation and delivery.

The introduction of the speech should be

About 10-15% of speech time

The basic philosophy behind using Maslow's hierarchy of needs in speech preparation is

An audience will not be motivated at a level higher than what they are currently experiencing.

"Examining your audience by its demographic characteristics and then it psychological traits" is

Audience analysis

Which is good advice for personally interviewing sources for a speech?

Be sure to choose someone with first-hand, especially professional, experience of the topic.

Research by Carol Dweck indicates that

Because learning a skill like public speaking is hard does not mean you can never become skilled at it.

Utilizing the words And, Or, and Not in a search engine is called

Boolean search

The term from classical rhetoric, "invention" is essentially the process of

Choosing the particular message and approach for the audience and situation.

I. The first phase of the Civil Rights Movement was before 1955. II. The second, major, phrase of the Civil Rights Movement was between 1956 and 1963. III. The third phase of the Civil Rights Movement took place between 1963 and 1968. This outline uses a _______ pattern of organization.

Chronological

Which organizational pattern would be best to organize a speech with the specific purpose "To inform my audience how to start an online business"?

Chronological

Which statement is true about speaker credibility?

Citing reliable sources can add to your credibility as a speaker.

Presentation aids create understanding by

Clarifying and emphasizing

Which is an example of the concept of "chunking"?

Combining a series of 15 steps into 4 basic categories of steps in a demonstration speech.

________ is sharing meaning between two or more persons.

Communication

Which of the following is suggested for addressing anxiety about public speaking?

Examine your own thoughts about why you are anxious.

A speaker should generally think about topic before purpose.

False

An informative speech can under some circumstances have opinion as its basis.

False

Attention is the audience members' responsibility and not something the speaker can directly affect. (T or F)

False

Because ethics is a universal philosophical study with a long history, individual experience is largely irrelevant to ethical decisions. (T or F)

False

Because of PowerPoint changing slides, you do not need verbal transitions. (T or F)

False

In general, you will want to use the exact wording of the sources you use, even in long quotations, to maintain authenticity.

False

Planned redundancy is not relevant to introductions and conclusions.

False

How is correctly citing in a speech different from in a paper?

In a paper, the reader can look at the references page for full information on a source, but listeners can't.

Which is a good central idea statement?

In today's market, a consumer can purchase three types of life insurance: level term, decreasing term, and whole life.

What is the idea behind the canons of rhetoric?

It is a traditional way of explaining the process of public speaking.

The reason to use graphs in your speech is that:

Like other presentation aids, they help retention and clarity

Which of these statements is true about listening?

Listening involves making an effort to process and retain information.

Bonnie is 35 years old, taking her speech class in order to finish her degree after raising her family. Should she be overly concerned about her age difference in relation to her classmates?

No, only if the topic is relevant to the age of the audience's understanding and needs

Which is a lesson we can learn from the quotation about communication from Johann Goethe, the German philosopher?

One reason for studying public speaking is to become aware of the potential for public speaking's limitations or "noise" factors.

When the word "And" is used with in a search engine with two separate search terms, the results will be

Only the sites that use both the first term and second term.

Of the three words And, Or, and Not, using which one will probably result in the most websites or articles brought up?

Or

A state of experiencing "significant and persistent fear when in the presence of or anticipating the object of fear" is the scholarly definition of

Phobia

Picture Maslow's hierarchy of needs. Pick the correct sequence, going from lowest to highest.

Physiological, safety/security, love/belongingness, self-esteem, self-actualization

Which is an appropriate suggestion for using humor?

Practice the humor and test it out on others

Which is good advice on using humor?

Practice your humor (whether joke or story) before others before using it in the speech.

How can you best respond if the Internet connection isn't working in your classroom on the speech day?

Prepare ahead of time with your slides on a flash drive and use what you can.

Which organizational pattern would be best to organize a speech with the specific purpose: "To persuade my audience to support stricter drug testing for Olympic athletes"?

Problem-solution

Having a climax pattern in a speech means that you

Put the strongest argument or reason or information as the last point

What does the "fair use" standard mean?

Since students aren't making money from a source that they use in a speech or paper, it is all right to use the material appropriately and with proper citation.

I. The first section of the Hebrew burial tomb in Roman times was the façade. II. The next section of the Hebrew burial tomb was the entrance. III. The innermost section of the Hebrew burial tomb was the series of burial chambers. This outline uses a _______ pattern of organization.

Spatial

The acronym WIIFM refers to

The audience asking why the subject/purpose is important to them.

Which of the following statements is true, according to the textbook?

The audience will not see your nervousness to the degree you feel it.

Which is true of your audience in terms of organization of speeches?

There are limits to the amount of categories or "points" that an audience can keep in their minds.

"Jenna is as mean as a snake before she gets her coffee in the morning" is a figurative analogy (T or F).

True

A speaker wanting to use humor in his/her presentation should be sure to practice the joke or anecdote to maximize its effectiveness. (T or F)

True

A speech that is designed with the general purpose of "to persuade" may also have the effect of informing or entertaining the audience.

True

Aristotle explained the concept of ethos as one of the sources of persuasion, in the Greek Classical Age. (T or F)

True

Audiences are asking two basic questions while listening to a speaker.

Why is this topic important to me/Why should I listen to the speaker?

A straw man argument takes place when

a speaker takes a weak or faulty but small part of an opponent's position and blows it up out of proportion

The meaning of listening is ___.

an active process of making an effort to understand, process, and retain

"Someone with recognized credentials, knowledge, education, and/or experience in a subject" is _________.

an expert

Which of the following is a quality of slide design?

balance

What type of informative speech topic is a speech with the specific purpose: "To explain to my classmates the life of Mother Teresa"?

biography

What type of informative speech topic is a speech with the specific purpose: "To explain to my classmates the types of clubs in a golfer's bag"?

categories or divisions

Post hoc, ergo proper hoc, meaning "after the fact, therefore because of the fact," is a fallacy associated with _________ reasoning.

causal

"The attitude of audience toward the speaker based on both reality and perception" is a definition of

credibility

Informative speeches should be based entirely on ______.

facts

A false dilemma fallacy

forces listeners to choose between two alternatives when more than two alternatives exist, and usually both are undesirable

What fallacy is committed in this argument? "I don't think that the checkout workers at Kroger are very friendly. I tried to strike up a conversation with one last week, and with one a month ago, and they did not respond."

hasty generalization

What type of informative speech topic is a speech with the specific purpose: "To explain to my classmates the development of the football's design"?

history

What type of informative speech topic is a speech with the specific purpose: "To explain to my classmates how the meanings of libel and slander are different in the United States and United Kingdom?"

ideas or concepts

What type of informative speech topic is a speech with the specific purpose: "To inform my audience about the legal definition of privacy"?

ideas or concepts

"Wheaties cereal is the healthiest of the major brands of cereal. Basketball player Kyrie Irving says so." This quotation is an example of

inappropriate appeal to authority

Speeches are classified by purposes of to inform, to persuade, and a third category. Which group of words fits into the third category?

inspire, entertain, amuse

What word means "statements that cannot be argued"?

irrefutable

Which is true about defamation?

it is a false statement of fact

How would you explain a logical fallacy?

it is a mistake in one of the standard reasoning processes, like generalization.

Three terms that are used interchangeably in regard to research are

peer-reviewed, academic, scholarly

Works that are published on an ongoing, regular basis are called

periodicals

You use a study done by a professor at the University of Arizona in your research. In this study, he did an experiment on perception involving college students and movie advertisements, and he published it in the Journal of Experimental Psychology. What type of research is this?

primary

"Rhetoric" is the word originally used for

public speaking

The relationship or connection a speaker makes with the audience is _____.

rapport

Which is a common error made by beginning speakers in writing specific purpose statements?

trying to cover too wide an amount of material

The term "planned redundancy" refers to _____.

using preview and summary statements and internal previews