final exam review-- chem

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16 protons, 8 neutrons, 10 electrons

168O2−

417 kPa

A 20,000 L tank of ethylene oxide is formed at 748 kPa and 525 K, the gas is cooled to 293 K. The size of the tank has not changed. The new pressure is

622 mmHg

A balloon with a volume of 6.5 x 105 L is at sea level where the pressure is 775 mmHg. It rises up a mountain and expands to 8.1 x 105 L. What is the new pressure?

-10.9 C

A helium-filled balloon has a volume of 2.75 L at 20.0 °C. The volume of the balloon changes to 2.46 L when placed outside on a cold day. The temperature outside is _______

b. No

Before the C-14 decays completely, can the plant and animal typically end up with the same C-14 levels? Select one: a. Yes b. No.

hypothesis

Bianca hypothesized that gravity affects the height to which humans grow.

sig figs: 7300 m

metalliods

Electrons must bridge a small gap to flow

ß electron

Emitted when a neutron decays into a proton

Formaldehyde (H2CO)

metals

Low electronegativities

Methane

one, periodic table, balanced equation

Molar mass is the mass of the compound per_____mole(s) of substance and is derived from the______The mole ratio comes from the_______

Number of electrons a 3d subshell can hold

74.9 g

One mole of arsenic weighs

16.0 g

One mole of oxygen weighs

39.1 g

One mole of potassium weighs

5,4,3

One mole of propane combines with___moles of oxygen to produce____moles of water and____moles of carbon dioxide.

false

One of these regions (A, B, C, or D) has an electron configuration that ends with s1. Select one: True False

nonmetals

Poor conductor of electricity

fusion

Requires extremely high temperatures to occur, Produces the most energy per unit mass, Occurs primarily in elements with a mass less than 56 amu

1.30

Round 1.296 to three significant figures.

a. A is more dangerous on Day 1.

Secured away in your secret lab are 10 g of radioisotope A and 10 g of radioisotope B. Both emit beta radiation while decaying into a more stable isotope. Isotope A has a half-life of 5 days and isotope B has a half-life of one year. Which isotope is more dangerous on day 1? Select one: a. A is more dangerous on Day 1. b. B is more dangerous on Day 1.

d. phase changes

The heating curve of an ice-water mixture that is slowly heated to 125°C contains three sloped and two level portions. What do the two level portions in the graph represent? Select one: a. heating b. deposition c. sublimation d. phase changes

c. c

The image below is a representation of the periodic table with transition metals removed. Which region contains elements with an electron configuration that ends with p3? periodic table with transition metals removed. Group 2 is labeled A. Group 13 is labled B. Group 15 is labled C. Group 16 is labled D. Select one: a. A b. B c. C d. D

greater than

The mass of the nucleus is ____________ the mass of the separate protons and neutrons.

b. contains nearly all of the volume of the atom

The nucleus of an atom has all of the following characteristics EXCEPT that it: Select one: a. is positively charged b. contains nearly all of the volume of the atom c. contains nearly all of the mass of the atom d. is very dense

575 atm

The same balloon with a volume of 6.5 x 105 L is at sea level with a pressure of 1.0 atm. The balloon is taken under water in a submarine to a depth where the volume is only 1130 L. What is the pressure inside the balloon?

300 kelvins

The temperature around you now is closer to

a. 0.1 mm

The width of a human hair is about 100 µm (micrometers). Convert that to millimeters. Select one: a. 0.1 mm b. 0.001 mm c. 100,000 mm d. 1,000 mm

b. 0.0632 mol

Theoretically, how much B4C can be formed in a reaction that begins with 8.8 g B2O3? Select one: a. 0.126 mol b. 0.0632 mol c. 0.252 mol d. Cannot be determined.

a. protactinium-234

Using the half-life image above (Figure 5.4b Decay Model), determine which of the following isotopes has the shortest half-life. Select one: a. protactinium-234 b. radon-222 c. polonium-218 d. bismuth-214 e. bismuth-210

What is the charge on this atom of sulfur when it is ionized?

18.0 g/mol

What is the molar mass of water?

a. condensation

Which phase change involves an increase in the attractive force between molecules? Select one: a. condensation b. evaporation c. melting d. sublimation

a. Which of the wavelengths has the lowest frequency?

c. If these wavelengths represented blue light, ultraviolet light, and yellow light, which one would be blue light?

less than

mass defect of an atom is __________ it's binding energy

extrapolate

to infer or estimate by extending or projecting known information

which has a larger radius; As or

false

you can eat and drink in the lab (T/F)

a. 6.74 g

4Al + 3O2 → 2Al2O3 The reaction equation above describes the production of aluminum oxide. The mass of aluminum reacted is 3.57 g. In this reaction, aluminum is limiting. What mass of aluminum oxide will be produced? Select one: a. 6.74 g b. 0.473 g c. 1.89 g d. 7.14 g

the same as, greater than, the same as

A balloon filled with helium and a balloon filled with propane are identical in size, temperature, and material. The pressure in the helium balloon is______the pressure in the propane balloon. The speed of the molecules in the helium balloon is_______the speed of the molecules in the propane balloon. The pressure in the helium balloon is_____the pressure in the room.

14.8 L

A balloon with a volume of 15.5 L is inflated in a room at 20.0 °C and then taken outside where the temperature is 7.0 °C. The volume of the balloon outside, if the pressure remains constant, will be___

a. indicates how strongly one variable affects another. The closer to 1, the more closely the two variables are related

A correlation coefficient Select one: a. Indicates how strongly one variable affects another. The closer to 1, the more closely the two variables are related. b. Indicates how straight the slope of the scatter plot is. The closer to 1, the better the slope is. c. Indicates how strongly one variable affects another. The closer to 0, the more closely the two variables are related. d. Indicates how straight the slope of the scatter plot is. The closer to 0, the better the slope is.

c. Line C

A graph is made illustrating Charles's Law. Which line would be appropriate assuming temperature is measured in Kelvin? Select one: a. Line A b. Line B c. Line C d. There is no way to tell. It depends on the gas used.

35.5 g

A sample containing 6.022 x 10^23 atoms of chlorine weighs

a. 32.8%

A sample of Cu(OH)2 weighs 14.6 g. The oxygen portion of the compound weighs 4.79 g. What is the percent composition of oxygen in copper(II) hydroxide? Select one: a. 32.8% b. 0.328% c. 3.05% d. 30.5%

two moles of atoms

A sample of calcium weighing about 80 g contains

654 mL

A sample of gas in a syringe has a volume of 960 mL at a pressure of 64.4 kPa. The plunger is depressed until the pressure is 94.6 kPa. What is the new volume of the gas?

52 C

A sample of gas starts out at 122 °C and 1.07 atm. After cooling, the pressure is measured to be 0.880 atm. The new temperature is

218 C

A sample of helium gas is 915 mmHg and 22 °C. If the pressure changes to 1523 mmHg, the temperature will be

540 mL

A sample of sulfur dioxide occupies a volume of 652 mL at 40.°C and 720 mm Hg. At STP, sulfur this sample of sulfur dioxide will occupy a volume of

d. no, one kitten is not an appropriate sample size

A small gray kitten showed up at Lynn's house. Her mother told her she could keep it, so she checked the cabinets and refrigerator for food. She found some tuna and fed the kitten. The next day her mother went to the store and bought some dry cat food. When Lynn put the cat food out, the kitten just walked away. "I think kittens like canned tuna better than dry food," Lynn said. Did Lynn reach a valid conclusion about kittens? Select one: a. Yes, Lynn's conclusion is accurate since it is based on how her kitten behaves. b. Yes, Lynn watched her kitten closely and kept accurate records. c. No, kittens cannot eat dry food, so her results are not valid. d. No, one kitten is not an appropriate sample size.

d. Strong acid

A substance is a strong electrolyte and reacts vigorously with metal. What could it be? Select one: a. Weak base b. Strong base c. Pure water d. Strong acid e. Weak acid

d. C6H6

A sweet-smelling substance found at an arson scene was determined to have an empirical formula of CH. The molar mass of the molecular compound was determined to be 78.11 g/mol. What is the molecular formula of the unknown substance? Select one: a. CH b. C2H2 c. C3H3 d. C6H6 e. C9H9

b. -111° C

According to the cooling curve, what is the approximate freezing point of the substance? Select one: a. -193° C b. -111° C c. 46° C d. 70° C

d. sublimation

Adding energy or increasing the speed of the particles at very low pressure in a solid would cause Select one: a. boiling b. condensation c. melting d. sublimation

a. 9.45 g

After 30 days, how much of B remains? Select one: a. 9.45 g b. 9.21 g c. 8.84 g d. 1.55 g

a. 64 g ZnCl2

Aluminum metal reacts with zinc chloride according to the following unbalanced equation: Al + ZnCl2 → Zn + AlCl3 A chemist does not want to waste reactants because they are in short supply. If he begins with 8.5 g of aluminum, what mass of zinc chloride will he measure out for a complete reaction? Select one: a. 64 g ZnCl2 b. 2.6 g ZnCl2 c. 27 g ZnCl2 d. 1.2 g ZnCl2

b. 23

Aluminum reacts in sulfuric acid according to the following unbalanced equation: Al + H2SO4 → Al2(SO4)3 + H2 You want to fill several balloons with hydrogen gas and light them on fire to produce a series of huge explosions. The chemistry stockroom is out of hydrogen gas, but you do find a lot of sulfuric acid and limited numbers of aluminum strips equaling about 2 moles of aluminum. If you need 0.13 moles of hydrogen gas to fill a balloon, how many balloons can you fill? Select one: a. 3 b. 23 c. 37 d. 53 e. 15 f. 2

a. NaNO3

Around 100 g of KNO3 can be dissolved in 100 g of water at around 70 °C. Which other compound has the same solubility? Select one: a. NaNO3 b. NaBr c. KBr d. Na2SO4

1.29

At 122 °C the pressure of a sample of nitrogen is 1.07 atm. At 205 °C the pressure will be____atm, assuming constant volume.

b. decrease

At constant pressure and mass, the temperature of a sample gas is decreased. The volume of the sample will ____. Select one: a. increase b. decrease c. remain the same d. there is no way to tel

4,3,2

Balance the following equation by entering the coefficients in the blanks. _____Al + _____O2 ->_______Al2O3

false

Benny is measuring out calcium chloride crystals and accidentally pours out too much. He should immediately return the excess to the reagent bottle. (T/F)

conclusion

Bianca concluded that gravity probably does affect human height.

a. 377.5 moles of water

C3H8 + 5O2 → 4H2O + 3CO2 You're out hiking in the Grand Canyon, and you ran out of water, but you do have a pressurized tank of propane for campfires. How much water could you produce by combusting all the propane you have? The tank holds 94.38 moles of compressed propane. Select one: a. 377.5 moles of water b. 31.46 moles of water c. 283.1 moles of water d. 31.46 moles of water

milliliters (mL)

Choose the best unit with which to measure the following. Volume of a soda cab

kilometers (km)

Choose the best unit with which to measure the following. Distance between cities

nonmetals

Composed of solids, liquids and gases

c. X=gas, Y=liquid, Z=solid

Consider these diagrams representing particle arrangements. Which list below correctly matches the diagrams with the three phases of matter? a. X=solid, Y=liquid, Z=gas b. X=solid, Y=gas, Z=liquid c. X=gas, Y=liquid, Z=solid d. X=liquid, Y=solid, Z=gas

alpha particle

Contains 2 protons and 2 neutrons

b. 0.0000037

Convert 3.7 x 10-6 to a conventional number. Select one: a. 3,700,000 b. 0.0000037 c. 370,000 d. 0.000037

1:3

Determine the lowest whole number ratio: 4.2 and 12.6

59.96%

Determine the percent composition of each element in a molecule of isopropanol (C3H8O). Carbon

d. Element D

Element A has an energy level I of 2 e negative, an energy level II of 8 e negative and an energy level III of 7 e negative. Element B has an energy level I of 2 e negative and a level energy II of 1 e negative. Element C has a level energy I of 2 e negative, an energy level II of 8 e negative and an energy level III of 8 e negative. Element D has an energy level I of 2 e negative, an energy level II of 8 e negative and an energy level III of 1 e negative. Which element has the lowest first ionization energy? Select one: a. Element A b. Element B c. Element C d. Element D

Zr-85 decays by decays by positron emission because the N;Z ratio is low, and Zr-95 decays by beta emission because N;Z ratio is high.

Explain how the N:Z ratio can help predict the type of radiation Zr-85 and Zr-95 emit.

b. the number of valence electrons it has

For an experiment, you need to choose an element that has specific properties. Which is the most important when making your decision? Select one: a. which period the element is in b. the number of valence electrons it has c. the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus d. the energy levels it contains Feedback

a. K, Br

From the list of elements given, select 2 elements that would likely form an ionic bond. Select one: a. K, Br b. Ar, C c. K, Ar d. C, Br

Given the following formula, write in the number (3, 4, 5, etc.) to answer the questions: 3Na2SO4 How many moles of the SO4 are in the formula?

a. 1

How many independent variables can be tested in a standard scientific experiment? Select one: a. 1 b. 0 c. As many as you want d. 2

3.19 mol

How many moles of gas would you have if you had a volume of 38.0 L under a pressure of 1430 mmHg at standard temperature?

a. 112 g

How much KCl would you need to prepare 0.500 L of a 3.00 M stock solution? Select one: a. 112 g b. 12.4 g c. 0.0805 g d. 49.7 g

c. Close to half

How much of South Carolina's electricity is produced by nuclear power? Select one: a. None, not yet! b. Less than 20%. c. Close to half. d. Almost 99% of it.

remove a proton

How would you transform this atom into phosphorus?

A, B, CA, CB

Identify each of the reactants and products as the acid(A), base(B), conjugate acid(CA) or conjugate base(CB). HSCN+CH3NH2<-->CH3NH3(+)+ SCN-

observation

In Physics, Bianca learned that gravity is a force that pulls objects toward the center of the Earth. She wondered, if gravity pulls everything down, then how does gravity affect human height?

neither

In the following reactions, identify whether the underlined element in bold was oxidized, reduced or neither: (o4) AlBr3 + K2SO4 → KBr + Al2(SO4)3

oxidized

In the following reactions, identify whether the underlined element in bold was oxidized, reduced or neither: (p) P4 + O2 → P2O3

in the fume hood

Janae is performing an experiment that will release toxic hydrogen sulfide gas. Where should she perform her experiment?

metals

Lanthanides and actinides belong to this group

alpha particle

Least penetrating emission

molar mass of a flipped and mole ratio of b to a

Mass of A to Moles of B

mole ratio of b to a and molar mass of b

Moles of A to Mass of B

mole ratio of b to a

Moles of A to Moles of B

alpha particle

More likely to be emitted by a very heavy nucleus

positron

More likely to be emitted by decay of an atom with a lower neutron to proton ratio

alpha particle

Most damaging if they are ingested or inhaled

true

One correct name for the isotope above is oxygen-16. Select one: True False

nuclear fission occurs

Slow neutron collides with U-235

atom absorbs the neutron to become p-239

Slow neutron collides with U-238

true

Students should always read the entire lab procedure before entering the lab. (T/F)

Symbol for the element with configuration 1s22s22p63s23p2

a. 3-methylhexane

The IUPAC name for this compound is ____. Select one: a. 3-methylhexane b. 4-ethylpentane c. 2-ethylpentane d. 4-methylhexane

a. 2B2O3 + 7C → B4C + 6CO

The correctly balanced equation for this reaction is: Select one: a. 2B2O3 + 7C → B4C + 6CO b. B2O3 + 7C → B4C + 6CO c. 2B2O3 + 7C → B4C + 7CO d. 2B2O3 + 6C → B4C + 6CO

c. C8H16O8

The empirical formula for a compound is CH2O. What is a possible molecular formula for this compound? Select one: a. CH4O b. C4H6O4 c. C8H16O8 d. C2HO2

a. If the quantity of gas changes. b. If the temperature changes.

The letter k is a constant for any pressure-volume relationship in a system. When pressure goes up, volume goes down, and k remains constant. Under what conditions will the value for the constant, k, change in the equation for Boyle's Law, PV = k? Choose all answers that apply. Select one or more: a. If the quantity of gas changes. b. If the temperature changes. c. If the pressure changes d. If the volume changes

exothermic, non-catalyzed, catalyzed

The potential energy diagram above displays a/an_____reaction. The upper red curve is the_____ reaction, and the lower blue curve is the_____reaction.

c. 5

Using the limitations of the instrument, to how many significant figures would you report this measurement? Select one: a. 3 b. 4 c. 5 d. 6

a. Estimate unknown values from trends in known data.

What does extrapolate mean? Select one: a. Estimate unknown values from trends in known data. b. Insert new data between two known experimental data points. c. Remove extra poles d. IDK

a. 2-methylbutane

What is the correct IUPAC name of this molecule? Select one: a. 2-methylbutane b. 2-ethylpropane c. 3-methylbutane d. pentane

159.6 g/mol

What is the molar mass of CuSO4 as an anhydrous salt in g/mol?

nothing; it is already neutral

What would you do to make this atom of sulfur electrically neutral?

strong

Which force holds quarks together within a nucleon?

d. H-F

Which of the following covalent bonds is the most polar? Select one: a. H-H b. H-N c. H-C d. H-F

d. 2.980 g

a beaker that weighs 146.000 on a scale before a reaction and a beaker that weighs 143.020 on a scale after a reaction Using the proper number of significant figures, determine the mass that was released in gaseous form. Select one: a. 3.00 g b. 3.0 g c. 2.98 g d. 2.980 g

a. 5.31%

accepted density: 11.3 g/cm3 student said: 10.7 (group C) Calculate the percent error for Group C. Select one: a. 5.31% b. 0.531% c. 5.61% d. 0.0561%

a. 0.156 g

after 30 days, how much of A remains? Select one: a. 0.156 g b. 8.91 g c. 0.0312 g d. 0.781 g

acid

always add ____ to water to dilute a concentrated acid

2.0

answer using significant figures: 0.25 x 8.00 =

605

answer using significant figures: 600. + 5.22 =

13.2

answer using significant figures: 848.8 - 835.6250 =

b. Animal

based on the graph above that was displayed in the interactive tutorial, which organism died first? Select one: a. Plant b. Animal

0.639 mol

convert from mass to moles 153 g PbS

d. If these wavelengths represented microwaves, green light, and x-rays, which one would be a microwave?

e. If these wavelenghts represented waves we can see, waves snakes use to catch prey, and waves birds and bees can see that we cannot, which wave would represent the waves snakes use to catch prey?

true

every student has to have a teacher in the lab with them to oversee their experiment (T/F)

f. Which wave would most likely represent energy released from an electron that jumped from energy level 4 to energy level 1?

When one gas particle bumps into another, no energy is lost, When one gas particle bumps into another, it changes direction, When gas particles collide, one can transfer kinetic energy to the other, Ideal gas particles exhibit no forces of attraction between particles.

fits KMT (kinetetic molecular theory)

mean: 9, 5, 7, 5, 7, 8, 4, 6, 7, 2

negative slope

negative correlation between variables

positive slope

positive correlation between variables

gravitational force, weak force, electromagnetic force, strong force

rank the forces from weakest to strongest

sig figs: 0.00050 g

oxygen and carbon dioxide 5:3 water and carbon dioxide 4:3

using this ratio: C3H8 + 5O2 → 4H2O + 3CO2 what can you say about oxygen and carbon dioxide, water and carbon dioxide

variance: 9, 5, 7, 5, 7, 8, 4, 6, 7, 2

glassware

what causes the most injuries in a lab?

e. none of these answers are correct

which atom or ion does this figure represent? The nucleus of the atom is made up of 8 protons and 12 neutrons. The first orbit closest to the nucleus consists of 2 electrons. The second orbit farthest from the nucleus consists of 8 electrons. Select one: a. magnesium b. fluoride c. neon d. sulfide e. none of these answers are correct

strong residual

which force holds nucleons together?

F-

which has a larger radius; F or F-

b. Hproducts-Hreactants

ΔH = ? Select one: a. Hproducts/Hreactants b. Hproducts-Hreactants c. Hreactants+Hproducts d. Hreactants-Hproducts

d. 2, 4

During which segments are two states of matter present? Select one: a. 1, 2, 3 b. 4, 5 c. 1, 3, 5 d. 2, 4

c. 1, 3, 5

During which segments is kinetic energy decreasing? Select one: a. 1 ,2 3 b. 4, 5 c. 1, 3, 5 d. 2, 4

d. nucleons

Let's start off with isotope review. In the isotope uranium-238, the 238 describes the number of: Select one: a. protons b. neutrons c. electrons d. nucleons

gamma ray

Likely to be emitted along with alpha or beta radiation

b. 3

Liquid water first appears after ____ minutes? Select one: a. 1 b. 3 c. 16.5 d. 19

c. Nothing happens

Predict what happens when tin metal is placed into a solution of nickel(II) iodide. Select one: a. Tin(II) iodide forms. b. Tin metal dissolves. c. Nothing happens d. Both a and b happen. e. Nickel is plated onto tin.

e. Both a and d happen

Predict what happens when zinc metal is added to a solution of CuSO4. Select one: a. ZnSO4 forms b. Nothing happens. c. Iron and zinc combine to form bronze. d. Copper metal deposits on zinc. e. Both a and d happen

c. KBr + F2

Predict which reaction will occur. Select one: a. LiF + Cl2 b. NaCl + I2 c. KBr + F2 d. NaBr + I2 e. None of these reactions will occur.

32.9 psi

The air in a tire is at a gauge pressure of 30.0 psi at a temperature of 20.0 °C. After the tire is driven fast on a hot road, the temperature in the tire is 48.0 °C. The tire's new gauge pressure is

b. 3

The electron configuration of nitrogen is 1s22s22p3. How many more electrons does nitrogen need to satisfy the octet rule? Select one: a. 1 b. 3 c. 5 d. 8

ß electron

When emitted, a neutron is transformed into a proton and atomic number increases by 1

positron

When emitted, a proton is transformed into a neutron and atomic number decreases by 1

alpha particle

When emitted, atomic number is reduced by 2

a. Au2O3

Which valid empirical formula below would have 1.5 times as much oxygen as there is gold in the substance? Select one: a. Au2O3 b. Au1O1.5 c. AuO d. Au4O6

a. the volume will be doubled

A gas is contained in a temperature T and volume V. If the temperature is doubled at constant pressure and mass, what change will occur in the volume? Select one: a. the volume will be doubled b. the volume will be halved c. the volume will be unchanged d. unable to determine without more information

b. It increases to four times the original pressure.

A gas is sealed in a container at constant volume. If the temperature is increased four fold, what would happen to the pressure? Select one: a. It decreases to 14 the original pressure. b. It increases to four times the original pressure. c. It remains unchanged d. unable to determine without more information

b. Hund's Rule

A neutral atom of nitrogen has seven electrons. When deciding how to distribute valence electrons to each 2p orbital, which rule must you keep firmly in mind when making your decision? Select one: a. Aufbau Principle b. Hund's Rule c. Pauli Exclusion Principle d. Periodic Law

three moles of atoms

A sample of hydrogen that weighs 3.0 g contains

one mole of atoms

A sample of iodine that weighs 126.9 g contains

815 mL

A sample of neon gas has a volume of 752 mL at 25.0 °C. The volume at 50.0 °C will be_____

d. 55%

Abel reacts copper with silver nitrate and recovers 5.2 g Ag. However, after mass to mass stoichiometry, he discovers that the maximum yield of silver should have been 9.5 g. What is his percent yield? Select one: a. 0.55% b. 1.8% c. 18% d. 55%

b. B

Above is a graph (Diagram 6.12 Question 3) showing potential energy of two atoms versus the distrance between their nuclei. At what point on the curve does a stable bond form between the atoms? Select one: a. A b. B c. C

a. Reaction 1 would produce at least two more moles of hydrogen

According to the equation in the previous problem, which would produce more hydrogen gas? 18.3 moles of aluminum with as much sulfuric acid as you need, or 25.0 moles of sulfuric acid with as much aluminum as you need. Select one: a. Reaction 1 would produce at least two more moles of hydrogen b. Reaction 2 would produce at least five more moles of hydrogen. c. Reactions 1 and 2 will surprisingly produce the exact same amount of hydrogen. d. Reaction 2 would produce more than double the amount of hydrogen than reaction 1 would produce.

neither

Acetic acid, which is used to make many important compounds, is produced from methanol and carbon monoxide. This endothermic reaction is catalyzed over rhodium and iodine. According to LeChatelier's Principle, predict whether each of the following changes in the system will shift the equilibrium left, right, or neither. CH3OH(g) + CO(g) + 207.9 kJ ↔ CH3CO2H(g) Addition of rhodium and iodine

right

left

right

left

75.9 kPa

After 20,000 L of ethylene oxide at 748 kPa and 525 K is cooled to 293 K, it is transferred to a 110,000 L tank. The new pressure is

Alkaline earth metals have their valence electrons in this subshell

c. isoelectronic

All of the elements in the table above are: Select one: a. ionic b. metallic c. isoelectronic d. metalloids e. none of these are correct

c. Iron has a tightly bound nucleus, and atoms larger than iron are less stable and tend to undergo nuclear fission.

An astronomer is a guest speaker at your school. She states that iron is the very last product in stellar fusion. Why would she say that? Why wouldn't elements in stars fuse to make larger atoms than iron? Select one: a. The star's core has no more room left in the interior to fuse larger nuclides b. It takes much more heat than the star has in its core to fuse iron with another atom. c. Iron has a tightly bound nucleus, and atoms larger than iron are less stable and tend to undergo nuclear fission. d. Iron is a metal, and metals cannot undergo fusion.

32.2 MeV

An atom of lithium-6 has a mass of 6.01513 amu. The sum of the masses of this isotope's nucleons is 6.0497 amu. Calculate the binding energy in MeV. Remember 1 amu = 931.5 MeV. Enter your answer using three significant figures.

b. longer than 434 nm

An electron from a hydrogen atom jumps from energy level 3 to energy level 1 and releases a photon with wavelength 434 nm. An electron from a nearby hydrogen atom also jumps from energy level 3 to energy level 1. The wavelength released by the second hydrogen atom will be: Select one: a. 434 nm b. longer than 434 nm c. shorter than 434 nm d. It is impossible to predict

b. It would transform the nitrogen atom to a carbon atom

An isotope of nitrogen experiences the weak force which transforms one of its protons to a neutron. How would this change the atom? Select one: a. It would have no effect because nitrogen still has the same mass number. b. It would transform the nitrogen atom to a carbon atom c. It would make the atom transform it into a heavier isotope of nitrogen. d. It would transform nitrogen to an oxygen atom.

a. 1.33 mol

An oxygen tank contains 400 mL of oxygen at 80 atm and 20 °C. How many moles of oxygen does it contain? Select one: a. 1.33 mol b. 195 mol c. 1330 mol d. 1.95 x 104 mol

b. The particles slow down

As matter changes state from gas to liquid, which of these statements is true? Select one: a. The particles speed up b. The particles slow down c. The particles get farther apart d. The attractive force between the particles decreases

248 K

At what temperature does 5.00 g of H2 gas occupy a volume of 50.0 L at a pressure of 1.01 atm?

Sodium chloride can be produced from reacting sodium metal with chlorine gas. Carly reacts 2.6 g of sodium with 5.0 g of chlorine gas. She recovers 5.8 g of sodium chloride from the reaction. What is her percent yield? Carly's percent yield is ___ %

a. 11.1 g Na

Sodium reacts with oxygen to produce sodium oxide in a synthesis reaction. A chemist needs to produce 15.0 g of sodium oxide for an experiment. What mass of sodium must she start with? Select one: a. 11.1 g Na b. 80.9 g Na c. 2.78 g Na d. 20.2 g Na

b. decreasing enthalpy and increasing entropy

Spontaneous reactions are driven by Select one: a. decreasing enthalpy and decreasing entropy b. decreasing enthalpy and increasing entropy c. increasing enthalpy and decreasing entropy d. increasing enthalpy and increasing entropy

d. Benzene will not dissolve well in water since non-polar molecules do not dissolve in polar solvents.

Benzene is a non-polar molecule, meaning that it does not have a positive or negative side. Which statement BEST describes how benzene will dissolve in water? Select one: a. Benzene can only exist as a gas and gases will not dissolve in water b. Benzene dissolves well in water since polar molecules dissolve well in polar solvents c. Benzene will dissolve in water because water is a universal solvent; it will dissolve anything. d. Benzene will not dissolve well in water since non-polar molecules do not dissolve in polar solvents.

research

Bianca called the Kennedy Space Center in Cape Canaveral, Florida to find out how astronauts are affected by their low gravity environment. She interviewed an astronaut and he suggested books for her to read.

experimentation

Bianca developed an experiment and followed these steps:

data analysis

Bianca noted that without water, the spools stood one on top of the other with no space in between, but with water, the spools spread out over the length of the string as they would in a low gravity environment. If the spools represented the human spinal column, discs would be more spread out in a low gravity environment.

d. decreasing the temperature lowers the average kinetic energy of the reactants.

Decreasing the temperature of a reaction decreases the reaction rate because Select one: a. decreasing the temperature also decreases the pressure. b. decreasing the temperature may cause a reactant to solidify. c. decreasing the temperature decreases the concentration of reactants. d. decreasing the temperature lowers the average kinetic energy of the reactants.

b. Volume divided by temperature equals a constant, k.

Describe Charles's law mathematically. Select one: a. Volume times temperature equals a constant, k. b. Volume divided by temperature equals a constant, k. c. Temperature divided by volume equals a constant, k. d. Pressure times volume equals a constant, k.

b. 297.7 g/mol

Calculate the molar mass of Fe2(NO3)3. Select one: a. 2443.6 g/mol b. 297.7 g/mol c. 117.8 g/mol d. 173.7 g/mol e. 269.7 g/mol

a. 0.81

Calculate the slope of the line according to accepted scientific procedure. Select one: a. 0.81 b. 0.87 c. 45 d. 0.78

gamma ray

Can be stopped by concrete but not by aluminum

both fission and fusion

Can use E=mc2 to calculate energy from starting mass, Occurs to attain greater nuclear stability

Carbon dioxide

meters (m)

Choose the best unit with which to measure the following. Length of a room

kilograms (kg)

Choose the best unit with which to measure the following. Mass of a medium sized dog

grams (g)

Choose the best unit with which to measure the following. Mass of a tennis ball

milligrams(mg)

Choose the best unit with which to measure the following. Mass of a vitamin

Liters (L)

Choose the best unit with which to measure the following. Volume of pool water

nanometers (nm)

Choose the best unit with which to measure the following. Width of a hair

acid

Classify each of the following as an acid, base or a salt. HCl

acid

Classify each of the following as an acid, base or a salt. HNO3

salt

Classify each of the following as an acid, base or a salt. KCl

salt

Classify each of the following as an acid, base or a salt. Mg(NO3)2

base

Classify each of the following as an acid, base or a salt. Mg(OH)2

base

Classify each of the following as an acid, base or a salt. NaOH

decrease, increase, decrease

Describe in terms of moles of gas, volume, and temperature how you would go about lowering the pressure in the CO2 tank. In order to decrease pressure in the tank,______the number of moles,_____volume, or______temperature.

c. 0.4289 mol

Determine how many moles of aluminum are represented below: aluminum can on a digital scale is shown to weight 011.58 g Select one: a. 11.58 mol b. Cannot be determined. c. 0.4289 mol d. 0.6700 mol e. 5.430 mol

1:4

Determine the lowest whole number ratio: 0.22 and 0.88

1:2

Determine the lowest whole number ratio: 0.75 and 1.5

1:3

Determine the lowest whole number ratio: 2.9 and 8.7

13.01%

Determine the percent composition of each element in a molecule of isopropanol (C3H8O). Hydrogen

26.63%

Determine the percent composition of each element in a molecule of isopropanol (C3H8O). Oxygen

14.30%

Determine the precent composition of each element in a molecule of sodium bicarbonate, the main ingredient in antacids (NaHCO3). Carbon

1.20%

Determine the precent composition of each element in a molecule of sodium bicarbonate, the main ingredient in antacids (NaHCO3). Hydrogen

57.14%

Determine the precent composition of each element in a molecule of sodium bicarbonate, the main ingredient in antacids (NaHCO3). Oxygen

27.37%

Determine the precent composition of each element in a molecule of sodium bicarbonate, the main ingredient in antacids (NaHCO3). Sodium

gamma ray

Doesn't change the nucleus but carries away energy

b. B

Draw a Lewis structure of hexane in your notebook. Which of the following molecules below is not a structural isomer of hexane? Select one: a. A b. B c. C d. D

d. moisture in the soil

Earthworms live in soil. Bennie wondered how changes in the moisture content of the soil would affect the movement of worms. He wanted to design an experiment to test his idea. What would be Bennie's independent variable in the experiment? Select one: a. Temperature of the soil b. Movement of the worms c. Size of the worms d. Moisture in the soil

b. the substances are in the proper orientation.

Even if two substances have enough energy to react during a collision, they will not react unless Select one: a. the proper catalyst is present. b. the substances are in the proper orientation. c. the reaction is exothermic and gives off energy. d. the activation energy of the reaction is lowered.

atom deflects and scatters the neutron

Fast neutron collides with U-235

b. remove a proton

Find phosphorus on the periodic table. If a lab wanted to turn phosphorus into a semiconductor, it would have to: Select one: a. remove an electron b. remove a proton c. add a proton d. add an electron e. make it an isotope

A,D

Take some time to determine which elements or ions are represented in this table. element protons neutrons electrons a 6 6 6 b 8 8 8 c 16 16 16 d 6 8 6 e 8 8 10 Which two elements in the table are isotopes of each other?

Given the following formula, write in the number (3, 4, 5, etc.) to answer the questions: 3Na2SO4 How many total atoms of Na are represented in the formula?

Given the following formula, write in the number (3, 4, 5, etc.) to answer the questions: 3Na2SO4 How many total atoms are represented in the formula?

a. -32.1

Given this slope equation, calculate the x intercept (point at which y = 0). y = 0.523x + 16.8 Select one: a. -32.1 b. 8.79 c. 0.0311 d. 16.3

base

Has a hydrogen ion concentration of 1 X 10^-8, Tastes bitter

acid

Has the highest H+ concentration, Has a hydrogen ion concentration of 0.00001,

0.67 L

Helium gas in a balloon occupies 2.5 L at 300.0 K. The balloon is dipped into liquid nitrogen that is at a temperature of 80.0 K. The volume of the helium at the lower temperature is_____

metals

Highly reactive with elements that form anions

c. Light is shined through a gas whose electrons take up specific wavelengths leaving a black line spectrum.

How are absorption spectra produced? Select one: a. A source emits light which is separated by a prism creating a series of colorful lines of discrete wavelengths. b. Light containing all wavelengths with no gaps is visible on a background. c. Light is shined through a gas whose electrons take up specific wavelengths leaving a black line spectrum.

b. Add the solute to about 300 mL of water, mix well, and bring the volume up to 500 mL with water.

How should a chemist prepare 500 mL of a 3.00 M solution? Select one: a. Measure out 0.500 L of water. Add the precise amount of solute to the 500 mL of water, and mix thoroughly. b. Add the solute to about 300 mL of water, mix well, and bring the volume up to 500 mL with water. c. Heat around 300 mL of water so the solute dissolves quickly, then add 200 mL of hot water to make a total of 500 mL. Mix thoroughly. d. Any of these are proper ways to prepare solutions.

a. Use heavy water to slow neutrons Nuclear engineers make six figures. d. Prepare fuel rods with a low concentration of fissionable atoms. e. Remove all the oxygen from the reactor.

How would a competent engineer control the rate of a nuclear reaction in a reactor? Select all that apply. Select one or more: a. Use heavy water to slow neutrons Nuclear engineers make six figures. b. Use control rods to contain reaction rate. c. Perform the reaction at subzero temperatures. d. Prepare fuel rods with a low concentration of fissionable atoms. e. Remove all the oxygen from the reactor.

50.000 (always record all digits on a digital scale)

How would you record the mass of the object on the digital scale to the appropriate number of significant figures?

b. 1.3 moles of ammonia

Hydrogen and nitrogen combine in a synthesis reaction to form ammonia (NH3) in the Haber process. How many moles of ammonia will be produced using 2.0 moles of hydrogen? (Assume that you have all of the nitrogen you need.) Remember the first rule of stoichiometry. Select one: a. 2.0 moles of ammonia b. 1.3 moles of ammonia c. 2.5 moles of ammonia d. 3.0 moles of ammonia

a. precise but not accurate

The accepted value for the density of lead is 11.3 g/cm3, the students said: 10.8,10.7, 10.6, 10.6 The calculated density values for the class are: Select one: a. precise but not accurate b. accurate but not precise c. both precise and accurate d. neither precise nor accurate

B,A, CA,CB

Identify each of the reactants and products as the acid(A), base(B), conjugate acid(CA) or conjugate base(CB). C5H5N +H2O <--> C5H5NH(+) + OH-

B,A, CB, CA

Identify each of the reactants and products as the acid(A), base(B), conjugate acid(CA) or conjugate base(CB). HONH2+HOl <--> Ol- + HONH3+

Identify the oxidation states of the elements in bold: (Ag) Ag2O → Ag + O2

Identify the oxidation states of the elements in bold: (cs) GaF3 + Cs → CsF + Ga

Identify the oxidation states of the elements in bold: (first s) . AlBr3 + K2SO4 → KBr + Al2(SO4)3

Identify the oxidation states of the elements in bold: (p) P4 + O2 → P2O3

(s)

Identify the state symbol that would most likely follow the compound listed: Fe

(l)

Identify the state symbol that would most likely follow the compound listed: H2O

(aq)

Identify the state symbol that would most likely follow the compound listed: NaCl dissolved in water

(g)

Identify the state symbol that would most likely follow the compound listed: F2

(l)

Identify the state symbol that would most likely follow the compound listed: Hg

c. synthesis reaction

If H2SO3 is the only product in a chemical reaction, the reaction would most likely be a: Select one: a. combustion reaction b. single displacement reaction c. synthesis reaction d. decomposition reaction

b. It will decrease by a factor of 5.

If X and Y are quantities that are related to each other by inverse proportion, what will the value of X become when the value of Y is increased by a factor of five? Select one: a. It will also increase by a factor of 5. b. It will decrease by a factor of 5. c. It will stay the same. d. There is no way to tell.

a. electron affinity b. electronegativity c. ionization energy

If a large sum of energy is released when an atom takes on an electron, it must have a relatively large: Select one or more: a. electron affinity b. electronegativity c. ionization energy d. atomic radius e. metallic character

e. All molecules will have the same average kinetic energy because average kinetic energy is based on temperature

If equal numbers of molecules of H2 (molar mass = 2), O2 (molar mass = 32), and N2 (molar mass = 28) are all placed in the same container at the same temperature, which molecules will have the greatest average kinetic energy? Select one: a. H2 b. O2 c. N2 d. It is impossible to tell. e. All molecules will have the same average kinetic energy because average kinetic energy is based on temperature

301

If methane at a pressure of 3.2 atm and at 21 °C is introduced into a weak 2.0 L container which increases in size to 2.5 L, the gas must be heated to_____°C to increase the pressure to 5 atm.

a. H2

If molecules of H2 (molar mass = 2), O2 (molar mass = 32), and N2 (molar mass = 28) are all placed in the same container at the same temperature, which molecules will have the greatest velocity? Select one: a. H2 b. O2 c. N2 d. There is no way to tell. e. All molecules will have the same velocity.

decrease

If temperature and moles are held constant, but pressure increases, volume must

b. polar covalent

If the electronegativity of H is 2.20 and of Cl is 3.55, which type of bond is formed between H and Cl when they join to form hydrogen chloride? Select one: a. nonpolar covalent b. polar covalent c. ionic d. polar ionic

lower

If the volume from the last problem were lower, the calculated temperature would have been_____

d. water would be a gas at room temperature

If water molecules were nonpolar, it is likely that Select one: a. water would be a solid at room temperature b. the hydrogen bonding would be stronger c. water would be flammable d. water would be a gas at room temperature.

b. y-axis

If you were preparing a graph based on experimental changes in your two variables, would volume go on the x-axis or the y-axis? (Hint: Volume can only be one place if the slope of the line is going to equal the constant, k.) Select one: a. x-axis b. y-axis c. neither d. both

a. a light containing an abundance of blue wavelengths since plants grow best under blue light

If you were to design an effective plant growth lighting system, what is the best technological design you could come up with based on your results in the Light and Plant Growth simulation? Select one: a. A light containing an abundance of blue wavelengths since plants grow best under blue light. b. A light containing an abundance of red wavelengths since plants grow best under red light. c. A light containing an abundance of green wavelengths since plants absorb the color green more than any other wavelength. d. A light containing orange wavelengths since orange is the color plants absorb most during flowering.

d. Significantly more energy is required to because the intermolecular forces between molecules are being completely broken.

Image is from USATestPrep (opens in a new window) Why is the time needed to vaporize the sample of water significantly greater than the time needed to melt the sample? Select one: a. Significantly more energy is needed to lower the kinetic energy of the molecules. b. Significantly more energy is needed because ice has a lower kinetic energy than liquid water. c. Significantly more energy is required since water vapor (steam) is so much hotter than liquid water. d. Significantly more energy is required to because the intermolecular forces between molecules are being completely broken.

c. Nearly an hour

Immediately after radon-222 decays into polonium-218, what is the fastest that the decay series could produce a polonium-214 atom? Select one: a. About three minutes b. Around a half hour c. Nearly an hour d. Probably more than a day

released, added, less

In a fusion reaction, more energy is_________ than_______, and the mass of the products is ________ than the mass of the reactants.

a. Mg3N2

In a synthesis reaction, you combine 0.55 g Mg with an excess of N(g). The synthesis product masses out at 0.76 g. What is the empirical formula? [Hint: Think. It's synthesis. You have a starting mass of Mg and an ending mass of the Mg + N compound. How much N must have reacted? Calculate empirical formula from mass.] Select one: a. Mg3N2 b. Mg2N3 c. MgN d. Mg2N

b. Ionic formulas are always empirical formulas because the physical structure is a network of ions.

In the above example, your instructor says the empirical formula CaCl2 is also the molecular or ionic formula. How does she know that without further investigation? Select one: a. She is a genius! b. Ionic formulas are always empirical formulas because the physical structure is a network of ions. c. Finding the simplest ratio between mole quantities gives empirical and ionic formulas for all compounds containing chlorine. d. When empirical formulas are in a 1:2 ratio, they are almost always the same as ionic or molecular formulas.

reduced

In the following reactions, identify whether the underlined element in bold was oxidized, reduced or neither: (Ag) Ag2O → Ag + O2

oxidized

In the following reactions, identify whether the underlined element in bold was oxidized, reduced or neither: (Cs) GaF3 + Cs → CsF + Ga

a. helium, argon

In the heterodiatomic molecule HCl, the H and Cl share a pair of electrons. By doing so, the hydrogen atom attains the electron configuration of ____, while chlorine attains the configuration of ____. Select one: a. helium, argon b. neon, neon c. helium, neon d. neon, argon

decreases

In the pressure equation, as area increases, pressure___

increases

In the pressure equation, as force increases, pressure____

a. (s), (g)

In the prior reaction of aluminum and oxygen at room temperature, Al should be followed by ___, and O2 should be followed by ___. Select one: a. (s), (g) b. (s), (l) c. (aq), (aq) d. (aq), (g)

c. polonium-218

In your secret lab, you have 20 g of an unknown radioactive substance that you know is in the uranium decay family. After nine minutes, there are only 2.5 grams left. What is the most likely radioisotope? Select one: a. protactinium-234 b. radon-222 c. polonium-218 d. bismuth-214 e. bismuth-210

fission

Involves splitting a nucleus into daughter cells, Source of energy in our US nuclear reactors, Produces radioactive waste material

both acid and base

Is corrosive, Participate in neutralization reactions

c. Yes, C2H5

Is there an empirical formula for C4H10? Select one: a. No, you can't divide 10 by 4 and get a whole number. b. Yes, it is already in its empirical formula. c. Yes, C2H5 d. Yes, C1H2.5

a. number of protons c. atomic number

Isotopes of the same element have the same Select one or more: a. number of protons b. number of neutrons c. atomic number d. mass number

d. does car exhaust grow best near the house?

Joanna has been growing tomatoes. She noticed that the tomato plants close to the busy street did not produce nearly as many tomatoes as the plants which were closer to her house. Which of these would be a question she could ask to help investigate what has happened with the tomatoes? Select one: a. Will tomato plants become bigger if given more fertilizer? b. Do tomato plants grow better with lots of water? c. Why do tomatoes grow best near the house? d. Does car exhaust affect tomato growth?

b. electron emission

Lead-214 decays to bismuth-214 via: Select one: a. alpha emission b. electron emission c. positron emission

b. Electron B feels more effective nuclear charge (Zeff) than electron A. c. Electron B has more energy than electron A.

Lithium atom shows 2 electrons in the first orbit and 1 electron in the second orbit. the arrow a is pointing to the electron in the second orbit. Sodium atom shows 2 electrons in the first orbit, 8 electrons in the second orbit and 1 electron in the third orbit. the arrow b is pointing to the elctron in the third orbit. Above is a Bohr image of lithium and sodium atoms with arrows pointing toward lithium's valence electron (A) and sodium's valence electron (B). Select any true statements. Select one or more: a. Electron B is held more loosely than electron A because of the shielding effect. b. Electron B feels more effective nuclear charge (Zeff) than electron A. c. Electron B has more energy than electron A. d. None of these statements are true.

molar mass of a flipped, mole ratio of b to a, and molar mass of b

Mass of A to Mass of B

b. 3 and 5

Methyl groups appear on carbons ____. Select one: a. 2 and 4 b. 3 and 5 c. 2 only d. 4 and 6

b. within 50 miles of a nuclear power plant

Most of South Carolina's population lives: Select one: a. far away from a nuclear power plant b. within 50 miles of a nuclear power plant. c. at least one state away from a nuclear power plant. d. within 10 miles of a nuclear power plant.

c. 2.2 g NH3

N2 + H2 → NH3 In the chemistry stockroom, there is more than enough hydrogen gas for the reaction, but only 2.7 g of nitrogen gas remains. What is the maximum mass of ammonia that can be produced? Select one: a. 3.3 g NH3 b. 1.6 g NH3 c. 2.2 g NH3 d. 8.9 g NH3

d. the sex of the hatching alligator

Necie hypothesizes that the temperature at which an alligator's egg is incubated influences whether the hatching alligator will be male or female. The dependent variable is: Select one: a. the temperature b. the size and type of incubator c. the number of days it takes for the alligators to hatch d. the sex of the hatching alligator

c. 3

Nitrogen bonds ionically with lithium. How many lithium atoms will make a stable, neutral compound with one nitrogen atom? Select one: a. 1 b. 2 c. 3 d. 4

b. gain, negative

Nonmetals tend to ____ electrons to become ____ ions. Select one: a. lose, positive b. gain, negative c. lose, negative d. gain, positive

Number of electrons a single 3d orbital can hold

Number of electrons an atom holds if its first and second energy levels are filled

Number of electrons that can exist in the third main energy level

Number of orbitals that can exist in the third main energy level

d. covalent

Of the forces listed, which is the strongest? Select one: a. dipole-dipole b. dispersion c. hydrogen d. covalent

2, 1.5

One-half mole of propane combines with 2.5 moles of oxygen to produce___ moles of water___ moles of carbon dioxide.

c. the plant receiving no fertilizer

Plant Table Plant Mass of Plant after 3 Weeks (kg) Amount of Fertilizer (grams) 1 0.2 0 2 0.4 2 3 1.2 3 4 1.0 4 5 Died 5 "Plant growth is dependent on the amount of fertilizer applied." That was the hypothesis Melanie and Brock decided on for their science project. They planted identical seeds in the same potting mix, and they used identical pots for each plant. Each pot received the same amount of water, and all the pots were placed in the same location in the greenhouse. What was the control in the experiment? Select one: a. The identical potting mix, pots, and water b. The mass of the plants c. The plant receiving no fertilizer d. The plant that died

a. 2K(s) + 2H2O(l) → 2KOH(aq) + H2(g)

Potassium metal reacts with water to produce potassium hydroxide and hydrogen gas. What is the balanced equation for this reaction? Select one: a. 2K(s) + 2H2O(l) → 2KOH(aq) + H2(g) b. K2(s) + 2H2O(l) → 2KOH(aq) + H2(g) c. K2(s) + 2H2O(l) → 2KOH(aq) + 2H(g) d. 2K(s) + 2H2O(l) → 2KOH(aq) + 2H(g)

a. It would increase from bottom left to top right

Predict the energy trend as a substance changes from a solid to a liquid to a gas on this graph. Select one: a. It would increase from bottom left to top right b. It would decrease from top left to bottom right c. It would be a horizontal line as energy would remain constant d. It would increase from solid to liquid then decrease from liquid to gas

b. beta minus emission

Predict the missing particle or nuclide. You will need a periodic table. 23993Np→23994Pu+? Select one: a. alpha emission b. beta minus emission c. positron emission

a. Cu-66

Predict the missing particle or nuclide. You will need a periodic table. ?→6630Zn+0−1e Select one: a. Cu-66 b. Zn-66 c. Ga-66

a. Pb-206

Predict the missing particle or nuclide. You will need a periodic table. 21084Po→?+42α Select one: a. Pb-206 b. Rn-214 c. Bi-206

c. Calcium sulfate precipitates.

Predict what happens when a solution of BaSO4 is mixed with a solution of CaCl2. Select one: a. Nothing happens. b. Barium sulfate precipitates. c. Calcium sulfate precipitates. d. Barium chloride precipitates. e. Both c and d happen.

d. You end up staring at a beaker in which nothing happens

Predict what happens when a solution of NH4Cl is mixed with a solution of NaNO3. Select one: a. Sodium chloride precipitates. b. Ammonium nitrate precipitates. c. NaNH4 precipitates. d. You end up staring at a beaker in which nothing happens

a. flashing headlights

The graph shows the number of accidents for motorcycles with different safety modifications. Based on the graph, which modification should MOST likely be implemented to reduce the number of motorcycle accidents. Select one: a. flashing (strobe) headlights b. higher frequency horns c. brighter colored front fenders d. louder horns

a. heating

The heating curve of an ice-water mixture that is slowly heated to 125°C contains three sloped and two level portions. What do the three sloped portions in the graph represent? Select one: a. heating b. deposition c. sublimation d. phase changes Feedback

313 K

The initial temperature of a 1.00 liter sample of argon is 20.0 °C. The pressure is decreased from 720 mm Hg to 360 mm Hg and the volume increases to 2.14 liters. The final temperature of the argon gas is

d. Melting occurs at close to 0° C at any pressure

The line between solid water and liquid water is close to vertical. What does this suggest about melting or condensing of water? Select one: a. Melting of ice is very pressure dependent b. Melting of ice occurs at a specific pressure c. Increasing temperature does not help melt ice d. Melting occurs at close to 0° C at any pressure

a. 9.00 x 1013 J

The mass of the sugar in a small sugar packet is about one gram. If we could harness all of the energy contained in the nuclei of atoms in a small sugar packet, how much energy could we obtain? Select one: a. 9.00 x 1013 J b. 3.00 x 105 J c. 9.00 x 1010 J d. 9.00 x 1016 J

a. 0.0062 mol

The molar mass of sulfur is 32.1 g/mol. If you mass out 0.20 g of sulfur, how many moles will there be in that sample? Select one: a. 0.0062 mol b. 6.4 mol c. 16.5 mol d. 160.5 mol

The orbital with the next highest energy after 4p

The parent chain of this molecule is a/an ____. Select one: a. pentane b. hexane c. heptane d. octane

113 kPa

The pressure in a tire is 101 kPa at 10.0 °C. At 45.0 °C, the pressure of the tire is

the same as, greater than

The pressure of the 100 light molecules is____the pressure of 100 heavy molecules in the same volume container at the same temperature. The speed of the light molecules is_____the speed of heavy molecules at the same volume and temperature.

b. Mostly female with some males

The sex of a hatchling alligator depends on the incubation temperature of the egg clutch. Temperatures less than 31° C produce all females, and temperatures greater than 33° C produce all males. Temperatures between 31° C and 33° C will produce a mixture of male and female hatchlings depending on how warm the nest is. You are walking through the everglades studying alligator populations, and you stick a Fahrenheit thermometer into an alligator nest. The reading is 88.0° F. What sex hatchlings would you expect to emerge from the nest? Select one: a. Definitely all female b. Mostly female with some males c. Definitely all male d. Mostly male with some females

c. the rate at which a change in x produces a change in y

The slope of a regression line indicates Select one: a. How closely two experimental variables are related. b. If further experimentation should be completed. c. The rate at which a change in x produces a change in y. d. What the correlation coefficient will be.

a. speed

The temperature of a gas particle is related to its Select one: a. speed b. potential energy c. direction d. elasticity

17.5 mL

The volume of gas in a syringe is 15.0 mL at 23.5 °C. The volume of the gas at 72.5 °C will be ____

b. No, the bond angles are too great causing ring strain.

This is the full Lewis structure for cyclooctane. Is this a stable structure? Select one: a. Yes, because all the carbons bond four times, and hydrogens each bond once. b. No, the bond angles are too great causing ring strain. c. Yes, because this molecule is symmetrical and nonpolar. d. No, because it is sp2 hybridized like graphite.

neither acid nor base

Turns litmus paper yellow, Is a poor electrolyte

28.0 g

Two moles of nitrogen weighs

8,6

Two moles of propane combine with 10 moles of oxygen to produce___moles of water and____moles of carbon dioxide.

Water

b. Solvation

Water is a common solvent in solutions. When a solute dissolves in water, the water molecules are attracted to and surround the individual solute particles. This process is called ___________________. Select one: a. Solution b. Solvation c. Dilution d. Saturation

a. Boiling point increases

What happens to a pure solvent when solute is dissolved into it? Select one: a. Boiling point increases b. Vapor pressure increases c. Freezing point increases d. All of these e. None of these

c. This is a polar covalent bond d. Atom 2 has a larger ionization energy than atom 1

What is probably true about the bonded pair of fictitious atoms above? Select all statements that are true. Select one or more: a. This is an ionic bond b. This is a nonpolar covalent bond c. This is a polar covalent bond d. Atom 2 has a larger ionization energy than atom 1 e. Atom 1 is a metal f. Atom 2 has a partially positive charge

b. K2S

What is the correct formula for potassium sulfide? Select one: a. K2SO4 b. K2S c. P2S3 d. KS e. PS

c. Mg3(PO4)2

What is the correct formula for the compound formed between magnesium and the phosphate ion? Select one: a. MgPO4 b. MgP2O8 c. Mg3(PO4)2 d. Mg3PO4

c. arsenic trifluoride

What is the correct name for the compound AsF3? Select one: a. arsenic fluoride b. astatine fluoride c. arsenic trifluoride d. monoarsenic trifluoride

a. beryllium nitride

What is the correct name for the compound Be3N2? Select one: a. beryllium nitride b. beryllium nitrate c. triberyllium dinitride d. triberyllium dinitrate

d. HO

What is the empirical formula for hydrogen peroxide, H2O2? Select one: a. H2O2 b. HO2 c. H2O d. HO

a. CH4N2O

What is the empirical formula of a compound containing 19.98% carbon, 6.70% hydrogen, 46.67% nitrogen, and 26.65% oxygen? Select one: a. CH4N2O b. CH4NO3 c. C2H4NO2 d. C2HN4O3

b. Start with a balanced equation.

What is the first rule of stoichiometry? Select one: a. You don't talk about stroichiometry. b. Start with a balanced equation. c. Make sure that you write down the given quantity. d. Be able to spell stoichiometry. e. Make sure your mole ratio is flipped the right way.

a. 55.3 g

What is the maximum mass of B4C that can be formed from 2.00 moles of boron(III) oxide? Select one: a. 55.3 g b. 69.6 g c. 0.181 g d. 111 g e. 0.0725 g

a. Cu2+

What is the metallic ion in copper(II) chloride? Select one: a. Cu2+ b. Cu- c. Cu2- d. Co2+

c. sp3

What is the orbital hybridization of carbon in cyclobutane? *lewis structure of cyclobutane* Select one: a. sp b. sp2 c. sp3 d. s2p2

b. It causes calcium binding which prevents shellfish from forming exoskeletons.

What is the problem with having too much CO2 in the atmosphere? Select one: a. It kills plants by suffocating them with excess atmospheric CO2, a greenhouse gas. b. It causes calcium binding which prevents shellfish from forming exoskeletons. c. It combines with the methane in the air to produce oxygen and ethanoic acid. d. It is absorbed by seawater causing oil spills to dissolve and contaminate more of the ocean.

a. 0.525 L

What is the volume of 150 mL of a 3.5 M solution? Select one: a. 0.525 L b. 525 L c. 0.023 L d. 23.3. L

d. The water is driven off or evaporated

What makes an anhydrous salt different than a hydrated salt? Select one: a. It is a much heavier salt containing a lot more metal ion. b. It is more hydrated than a regular hydrated metal salt. c. Its crystals are larger giving it a larger crystal lattice than a hydrated salt. d. The water is driven off or evaporated.

21.5 C

What mass in kilograms of CO2 is needed to fill an 80.0 L tank to a pressure of 150.0 atm at 27.0

d. it changes as the independent variable changes

What normally happens to the dependent variable in a controlled experiment? Select one: a. It should not change. b. It changes in the control group only. c. It is not measured. d. It changes as the independent variable changes.

b. About 82%

What was the percent mass of nitrogen in the compound containing the highest percentage of nitrogen in the four compounds above? Select one: a. About 90% b. About 82% c. About 87% d. About 47% e. About 64%

c. Particles would slow down and become liquid.

What would happen to gas particles over time if most collisions were not elastic? Select one: a. The particles would bounce much farther than they already do. b. The amount of kinetic energy would never change. c. Particles would slow down and become liquid. d. Particles would deflect at a much greater angle.

add 2 electrons

What would you do to this atom of sulfur to satisfy the octet rule?

1640 L

When 1500 L of air at 5.00 °C is injected into a household furnace, it comes out at 30.0 °C. Assuming the pressure is constant, the volume of the heated air is _____

d. the heat added is used to break the bonds between the liquid molecules

When heat is added to a liquid at the boiling temperature, the temperature does not change while the liquid is converting to the gas because Select one: a. the heat added is lost by the system b. the heat added is absorbed by the container c. the heat added is used to break the bonds between the gas molecules d. the heat added is used to break the bonds between the liquid molecules

c. connect the dots

When making a scatter plot graph, you should never: Select one: a. Label the axes b. Interpolate data c. Connect the dots d. Calculate slope using points on the trend line

b. No, they all seemed to have different kinetic energies, movement, and velocities.

When the molecules became gaseous, did each molecule seem to exhibit the same amount of kinetic energy? Select one: a. Yes, all of the molecules appeared to be vibrating and moving with the same velocity. b. No, they all seemed to have different kinetic energies, movement, and velocities.

a. They moved away from one another in a disorganized fashion. b. They moved in a straight line until they hit another molecule or the side of the chamber. This changed their direction and velocity.

When vaporized, what did the oxygen molecules do? Select all that apply. Select one or more: a. They moved away from one another in a disorganized fashion. b. They moved in a straight line until they hit another molecule or the side of the chamber. This changed their direction and velocity. c. Upon hitting 700 K, each molecule separated into two oxygen atoms. d. They were highly ordered as a gas with each molecule being the same distance away from every other molecule.

b. The balanced equation

Where does the mole ratio come from? Select one: a. Mole storks b. The balanced equation c. Someone's head d. The problem itself

a. NH3

Which compound has the highest percent by mass of nitrogen? Select one: a. NH3 b. NO c. N2O d. N2O4

gravitational

Which force acts at infinite distances to attract massive objects?

electromagnetic

Which force interacts between charged particles?

weak

Which force is responsible for radioactive decay?

a. A (solids)

Which has the strongest intermolecular forces? Select one: a. A (solids) b. B c. C d. D

a. We use on average more energy per person than residents of other states.

Which is true about South Carolina's national rank with respect to its population versus its energy consumption? Select one: a. We use on average more energy per person than residents of other states. b. We use on average less energy per person than residents of other states. c. We use on average an equal amount of energy per person as residents of other states.

b. B is more dangerous on day 30.

Which isotope is more dangerous on day 30? Select one: a. A is more dangerous on day 30. b. B is more dangerous on day 30.

a. 70 neutrons and 50 protons

Which nucleus is more stable, one with 70 neutrons and 50 protons or one with 50 neutrons and 30 protons? Select one: a. 70 neutrons and 50 protons b. 50 neutrons and 30 protons.

b. radon-222

Which nuclide decays by releasing the same type of particle as U-238? Select one: a. protactinium-234 b. radon-222 c. lead-206 d. bismuth-214 e. bismuth-210

c. a large lump of coal

Which of the following burns most slowly? Select one: a. powdered coal b. small pieces of coal c. a large lump of coal d. All of these burn at the same rate

c. a large lump of coal

Which of the following burns most slowly? Select one: a. powdered coal b. small pieces of coal c. a large lump of coal d. All of these burn at the same rate

b. 1molB2O369.6gB2O3

Which of the following correctly converts mass of boron(III) oxide to moles of boron(III) oxide? Select one: a. 69.6gB2O31molB2O3 b. 1molB2O369.6gB2O3 c. 2molB2O31molB4C d. 1molB4C2molB2O3 e. 55.3gB2O31molB2O3 f. 1molB2O355.3gB2O3

d. 1molB4C2molB2O3

Which of the following correctly converts moles of boron(III) oxide to moles of B4C? Select one: a. 7molB4C2molB2O3 b. 2molB2O37molB4C c. 2molB2O31molB4C d. 1molB4C2molB2O3 e. 55.3gB4C1molB4C f. 1molB4C55.3gB4C

d. H-O

Which of the following covalent bonds is the most polar? Select one: a. H-H b. H-N c. H-C d. H-O

a. Small group instruction is more effective for students than large lecture instruction.

Which of the following is the best written hypothesis for a student investigator? Select one: a. Small group instruction is more effective for students than large lecture instruction. b. Playing videos for students all day is an unethical way of teaching. c. There will be a significant difference between the students' reading levels. d. Given the same food, mice gain more weight on earth than 5000 meters above the earth's surface.

b. with further testing, a theory can become a law

Which of the following statements about a theory is false? Select one: a. A theory can be disproven. b. With further testing, a theory can become a law. c. A theory has enough scientific support to be solidly accepted in the scientific community. d. A theory explains why or how a phenomenon occurs. e. More than one of the four statements is false.

a. The boiling point of non-polar substances tends to decrease with increasing molecular weight

Which of the following statements is incorrect? Select one: a. The boiling point of non-polar substances tends to decrease with increasing molecular weight b. The boiling point of H2S is lower than H2O c. Dispersion (London) forces are the weakest type of intermolecular interactions. d. The strong intermolecular attractions in H2O result from hydrogen bonding.

a. a container of frozen water

Which of the following systems has the lowest entropy? Select one: a. a container of frozen water b. oil floating in a container of water c. sand mixed in a container of water d. salt dissolved in a container of water

A; picture of 2p orbitals with all three with just one arrow pointing up

Which orbital diagram correctly shows the placement of electrons in the 2p orbitals of nitrogen?

c. because the particles of a liquid are held together loosely enough to flow, but not so loose that they expand

Why can a liquid change to take the shape of its container but NOT expand to fill the container itself? Select one: a. because the particles of a liquid have a definite shape but no definite volume b. because the particles of a liquid are the result of both solid and gaseous phases combining c. because the particles of a liquid are held together loosely enough to flow, but not so loose that they expand d. because the particles of a liquid expend large amounts of energy in the flowing process and do not have any left to expand Feedback

a. There are more collisions per second

Why does a higher concentration make a reaction faster? Select one: a. There are more collisions per second b. Collisions occur with greater energy c. There are more collisions per second and the collisions are of greater energy. d. There are more collisions per second or the the collisions are of greater energy.

2.54

You already know that solid iron reacts with oxygen to form iron(III) oxide (red rust) in a synthesis reaction. Using your periodic table and everything you've learned so far including the first rule of stoichiometry, calculate how many moles of rust would form if all the iron on the scale below reacted with oxygen in the air. Write your answer using three significant figures. digital scale showing iron with a weight of 283.5 g The maximum amount of rust that can be produced is________ mol Fe2O3.

c. 1.3%

You and your lab partner were performing some mass measurements. You measured a 10.00 g block of copper to be 9.87 g. What is your percent error? Select one: a. 98.7% b. 0.13 c. 1.3% d. 0.013%

stayed the same, Charleston, stay the same

You are flying from Charleston (1 atm) to Denver (0.830 atm) to do some hiking in the mountains, and you bring an empty, rigid, sealed polypropylene bottle to fill with water on your hike. You land in Denver and deplane. The number of air molecules in the bottle after arriving in Denver has ______.After landing, the pressure inside the rigid bottle is the same as the atmospheric pressure in_______If the bottle was made of a thin, flexible plastic when you landed in Denver, the bottle would look_____

b. 17,000 years old

You excavated what you believe is an ancient spear. The wood is highly degraded, but you are able to cut away a small sample for radiocarbon dating. You find that the C-14 is approximately 12% of the original amount. If C-14 has a half-life of 5,730 years, estimate the age of the spear. Select one: a. 11,000 years old b. 17,000 years old c. 23,000 years old d. 35,000

Dispose of the liquid properly and prepare more. This time label the beaker

You find an unlabeled beaker that you think contains aqueous sodium chloride. What should you do?

475 L

You have a 3.0 L tank of oxygen gas at a pressure of 150 atm. What will the volume be if the pressure were released to 0.947 atm?

c. Increase the pressure d. Decrease the temperature

You have a solution of gas dissolved in a liquid. How will you keep the gas soluble in the liquid for the maximum amount of time? Choose all that apply. Select one or more: a. Increase the temperature b. Decrease the pressure c. Increase the pressure d. Decrease the temperature e. Stir it

interpolating

You have the beginning and ending values in a series trend and you can fill in the missing values

a. 33 mL

You need to dilute a 3 M stock solution of KCl to prepare 200 mL of a 0.50 M working solution. How much of the 3 M stock solution do you need for your dilution? Select one: a. 33 mL b. 0.0075 mL c. 133 mL d. 3.0 mL

b. critical mass

You operate a nuclear reactor and want to use a fissionable mass that will sustain a slow, controlled nuclear reaction. What type of mass will you use? Select one: a. subcritical mass b. critical mass Good job! c. supercritical mass

c. Multiply by the molar mass from the periodic table.

Your lab partner asks "How do I convert from moles of CO2 to grams of CO2?" What do you tell him? Select one: a. Multiply by the mole ratio from the periodic table. b. Multiply by the mole ratio from the balanced equation. c. Multiply by the molar mass from the periodic table. d. Multiply by the molar mass from the balanced equation.

you cannot be in the lab without your safety googles on

Your lab partner walks back into the lab with no safety goggles. Nobody is performing any lab experiments at the time. What do you say to your lab partner?

a. 6,000 MB

Your new gaming computer has a 6 gigabyte memory. Convert that to megabytes. Select one: a. 6,000 MB b. 6,000,000 MB c. 0.006 MB d. 0.000006 MB

a. 530000 cm and b. 5.3 x 105 cm

Your teacher asks you to report 526900 cm to two significant figures. Which of the following are acceptable answers? You should select more than one if there is more than one correct answer. Select one or more: a. 530000 cm b. 5.3 x 105 cm d. 53 x 104 cm

63.5 g

Your teacher asks you to weigh out a mole of copper. How many grams will you weigh out?

127 g

Your teacher asks you to weigh out two moles of copper. How many grams will you weigh out?

c. Draw resonance structures to show the other two temporary bonding events.

Your teacher draws this Lewis drawing of the polyatomic ion carbonate, but you notice that something is wrong. What could you do to correct it? Select one: a. Change the superscript to the correct charge for this ion. b. Add another bond to the C-O attachments so all oxygens are double bonded. c. Draw resonance structures to show the other two temporary bonding events. d. Put another lone pair of electrons around the double bonded oxygen.

positron emission

Zr-85 containing 40 protons and 45 neutrons

electron emission

Zr-95 containing 90 protons and 55 neutrons

d. 146.000 g

a beaker that weighs 146.000 on a scale before a reaction and a beaker that weighs 143.020 on a scale after a reaction What would you record as the mass of the beaker and reactants before the reaction began? Select one: a. 146 g b. 146.0 g c. 146.00 g d. 146.000 g

d. 143.020 g

a beaker that weighs 146.000 on a scale before a reaction and a beaker that weighs 143.020 on a scale after a reaction what would you record as the mass of the beaker and solution after the reaction was over? Select one: a. 143 g b. 143.0 g c. 143.02 g d. 143.020 g

0.9

answer using significant figures: 9.12 ÷ 10 =

b. Which of the wavelengths has the highest energy?

balance: Ag2O →_______ Ag+ O2

balance: AlBr3 + K2SO4 →______ KBr + Al2(SO4)

balance: GaF3 + _______ Cs → CsF + Ga

balance: P4 + O2 → ______ P2O3

hazmat diamond

blue for health, red for flammability, and yellow for reactivity

3.10 mol

convert from mass to moles 344 g CaCl2

1.59 mol

convert from mass to moles 63.6 g NaOH

4.59 mol

convert from mass to moles 73.6 g CH4

6.13 g

convert from moles to mass: 0.0256 mol PbS

4.70 g

convert from moles to mass: 0.0423 mol CaCl2

18.1 g

convert from moles to mass: 0.452 mol NaOH

15.3 g

convert from moles to mass: 0.952 mol CH4

As a gas is heated, its particles start to move more slowly, The gas particles follow predictable, circular paths within a container, All gas particles in the same temperature container have the same kinetic energy, The distance between gas particles is only slightly further than the distance between liquid particles,

does not fit KMT (kinetic molecular theory)

element protons neutrons electrons a 6 6 6 b 8 8 8 c 16 16 16 d 6 8 6 e 8 8 10 Which element has noble gas configuation?

B,C

element protons neutrons electrons a 6 6 6 b 8 8 8 c 16 16 16 d 6 8 6 e 8 8 10 Which two neutral elements have different numbers of protons but similar properties?

a. the constant, k

if y/x gives you the slope of a line, what does the slope of a Charles's law graph indicate? Select one: a. the constant, k b. cannot be determined c. the constant pressure d. the diameter of the container

Ne, 10 protons, 10 neutrons, 10 electrons

neon

Mg2+, 12 protons, 12 neutrons, 10 electrons

magnesium

median: 9, 5, 7, 5, 7, 8, 4, 6, 7, 2

mode: 9, 5, 7, 5, 7, 8, 4, 6, 7, 2

N3-, 7 protons, 7 neutrons, 10 electrons

nitride

sig figs: 0.800 km

sig figs: 26.000 cm

sig figs: 3 x 105 mL

standard deviation: 9, 5, 7, 5, 7, 8, 4, 6, 7, 2

pie graph

what graph best fits: How much of a teacher's total work time is allocated to teaching, preparing lessons, sitting in meetings, talking to parents, grading assignments, or socializing.

line graph

what graph best fits: Temperature of the inside of a closed vehicle from 8:00 pm taken at 30 minute intervals.

bar graph

what graph best fits: The average height of all the males in the classroom versus the average height of all the females.

scatter plot

what graph best fits: how ambient temperature throughout the evening affects number of cricket chirps.

which has a larger radius; K or K+

which has a larger radius; ca or

C-14

which technique would you use to date: Egyptian pottery

U-238

which technique would you use to date: Fish fossils from the Jurassic period

C-14

which technique would you use to date: Human bones

U-238

which technique would you use to date: Igneous rock in the Earth's crust

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final exam review-- chem

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