Final Exam Study
The nurse is documenting the client's response to a medication. This action reflects a practice that was started by which key figure in nursing's history?
Linda Richards Documentation is an example of maintaining and keeping accurate records, a practice championed by Linda Richards.
Which nursing activity reflects secondary prevention?
Making a referral for a mammogram Secondary prevention involves screening for early detection of disease, such as a mammogram. Discussions about wearing helmets, using seat belts, and drugs and alcohol are all examples of primary prevention, which focuses on promoting health and preventing disease.
The primary aim of healthy people 2020 is
health promotion
Which is the most accurate definition of health
Health is a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being.
PICO(T)
population, intervention, comparison, outcome, sometimes time of interest
The nurse is caring for a client with a diagnosis of heart failure. This admission is the client's third admission within 90 days. The nurse educates the client with the goal of preventing readmission. Which nursing activity for this client would represent tertiary level prevention?
Teaching about adhering to a low-sodium diet Explanation: Tertiary health promotion and illness prevention begins after an illness is diagnosed and treated, with the goal of reducing disability and helping rehabilitate the client to a maximum level of functioning. Nursing activities on a tertiary level include teaching a client with heart failure the importance of adhering to a low-sodium diet. Primary prevention is directed toward promoting health and preventing the development of disease processes or injury. This client has a diagnosis. Secondary health promotion and illness prevention focus on screening for early detection of disease with prompt diagnosis and treatment of diseases found.
ANA National council of State boards of nursing National league of nursing International Council of nurse
The American Nurses Association (ANA) has established standards of clinical nursing practice that define the specific and unique activities of nurses. Standards serve as protection for the nurse, the client, and the institution where health care is given. The other organizations provide valuable services that differ from those of ANA. The National Council of State Boards of Nursing have the nurse practice acts which define state specific guidelines for nurses to practice. The National League for Nursing is a national organization for faculty nurses and leaders in nurse education. The International Council of Nurses is a federation of more than 130 national nurses associations.
Which organization has established standards that help the nurse determine which clinical actions fall under the scope of nursing practice?
American Nurses Association
Clara Barton Lillian Wald Louise Schuyler
Clara Barton established the Red Cross. Lillian Wald was the founder of public health nursing. Louise Schuyler recommended standards for nursing education.
Which standards are monitored by the Quality and Safety Education for Nurses (QSEN)? Select all that apply.
Quality improvement Evidence based practice Informatics Quality Improvement
Which scenario accurately depicts the influence of one's religious beliefs?
Spiritual and religious beliefs and values are important components of a person's behaviors both in health and in illness. Examples of such influences include Roman Catholics' requirement of baptism for both live births and stillborn babies; Kosher dietary laws prohibiting the intake of pork and shellfish (practiced by orthodox and conservative Jews), and the opposition to blood transfusions common among Jehovah's Witnesses. Islam do not have a baptism ritual for newborns. Blood transfusion is acceptable in the belief system of the Catholic church. Consumption of shellfish is acceptable in the belief system of those who identify as Jehovah's Witnesses.
A nurse is caring for a 17-year-old client whose left leg was amputated after being crushed in a motor vehicle accident. Which intervention might the nurse perform to address the client's intellectual dimension?
Teaching her how to care for the stump and explaining the rehabilitation program
A nurse practitioner considering going back to school to obtain a Doctor of Nursing Practice degree (DNP) anticipates that the main focus of the curriculum will be on:
Clinical Practice: Explanation According to the American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN) the DNP is designed for nurses seeking a terminal degree in nursing practice and offers an alternative approach to research-focused doctoral programs. DNP-prepared nurses are well equipped to fully implement the science developed by nurse researchers prepared in PhD, DNSc, and other research-focused doctorates. Ethics and managerial styles may also be a part of the DNP degree, but are not the main focus.
Which are factors that impact how a client defines health? Select all that apply.
Family Society Community Culture
A nurse providing care has a personal philosophy that nursing interventions should be instituted for clients when the clients demonstrate ineffective adaptive responses. This nurse's philosophy is based on the theory of:
Sister Callista Roy Sister Callista Roy is a nursing theorist whose work focused on the central theme that humans are biopsychosocial beings existing within an environment. Needs are created within interrelated adaptive modes: physiologic self-concept, role function, and interdependence. When individuals demonstrate ineffective adaptive responses, nursing interventions are required. Madeline Leininger is a nursing theorist whose work focused on caring as the central theme of nursing care, nursing knowledge, and nursing practice. The theory, when applied to clinical practice, provides the foundation of transcultural nursing care. Caring improves human conditions and life processes. Imogene M. King is a nursing theorist whose work focused on the central theme that the client is a personal system within a social system; the nurse and the client experience each other and the situation, act and react, and transact. This theory is exhibited in clinical practice: nursing is a process of human interactions, as nurses and clients communicate to mutually set goals, and explore and agree on the means to reach those goals. Jean Watson is a nursing theorist who is known for her focus on caring. The central theme of her work is that nursing is concerned with promoting and restoring health, preventing illness, and caring for the sick. Caring is universal and is practiced through interpersonal relationships.
The nurse is caring for a client who ascribes to the theory of animism. When attempting to explain this theory to other staff members, the nurse should state:
Everything in nature is alive with invisible forces." Explanation: The theory of animism attempts to explain the cause of mysterious changes in bodily functions. This theory is based on the belief that everything in nature is alive with invisible forces and endowed with power. Good spirits bring health; evil spirits bring sickness and death. In cultures that ascribe to animism, the roles of the physician and the nurse are separate and distinct. The physician is the medicine man who treats disease by chanting, inspiring fear, or opening the skull to release evil spirits (Dolan, Fitzpatrick, & Herrmann, 1983). The nurse usually is the mother who cares for her family during sickness by providing physical care and herbal remedies. Pets are not involved in the theory of animism.
Which is the best example of a nurse demonstrating the role of caregiver?
starting an intravenous line in the client's arm Explanation: In the role of caregiver, the nurse provides care to clients to meet their needs, such as when starting an intravenous line. The role of caregiver is the primary role of the nurse. Teaching a client about medication is the role of educator. Telling a doctor a lab value is the role of communicator. Securing a referral to the local clinic is the role of counselor. Assigning rooms is a management role.
