Firefighter Training S-130 (Watch-Outs)

Natural fuels should be no closer to a structure than: - 40 feet (12m) - 30 feet (9m) - 20 feet (6m) - 50 feet (15.25m)

- 30 feet (9m)

Identify THREE things you should NOT do when working around a downed power line. - Approach liquids that are pooled near the power line. - Attempt to move the power line. - Stay in your vehicle if the power line is touching it. - Leave a live power line unattended without attempting to move it. - Assume that the power line is live. - Apply a straight stream to the line.

- Approach liquids that are pooled near the power line. - Attempt to move the power line. - Apply a straight stream to the line.

Match each tactic you may use in protecting structures in the interface with the proper description. - Attacking the fire at the burning edge before it arrives - Abandoning fire fighting efforts and retreating to safety zone - Controlling the fire with a fireline

- Attacking the fire at the burning edge before it arrives (DIRECT ATTACK) - Abandoning fire fighting efforts and retreating to safety zone (HOPELESS SITUATION) - Controlling the fire with a fireline (INDIRECT ATTACK)

Structure defense adds a whole new dimension to wildland firefighting. Match each wildland/urban interface "Watch-out!" with the MOST appropriate caution. - Can be complicated by power outages. - Don't apply a straight water stream near it. - Can push flame angle closer to fuels. - Requires mobility and flexibility in the fire fighting effort. - Can be complicated by lack of training.

- Can be complicated by power outages. (INADEQUATE WATER SUPPLY) - Don't apply a straight water stream near it. (DOWNED POWER LINES) - Can push flame angle closer to fuels. (STRONG WINDS) - Requires mobility and flexibility in the fire fighting effort. (EXTREME FIRE BEHAVIOR) - Can be complicated by lack of training. (PANIC DURING AN EVACUATION)

Safety concerns and hazards while working in the wildland/urban interface are: - The same as hazards on a normal wildland fire. - Very familiar to all wildland firefighters. - Different from hazards on a normal wildland fire. - Covered in the standard 18 wildland "Watch-out!" situations.

- Different from hazards on a normal wildland fire.

Extreme fire behavior has caused major losses of life and property in the interface. Identify THREE contributing factors to extreme fire behavior. - Dry and plentiful fuels. - Lawns surrounding structures. - Eye level wind speeds greater than 15 miles per hour (24 km/hour). - Steady burning. - Unstable atmosphere.

- Dry and plentiful fuels. - Eye level wind speeds greater than 15 miles per hour (24 km/hour). - Unstable atmosphere.

Identify FOUR factors you must assess at the incident scene. - Estimated time when the fire will hit. - Percentage of trees with diameters less than 20 inches (50 cm). - Number and vulnerability of structures. - Possible firefighting tactics. - Ratio of natural to non-natural fuels. - Distribution of structures.

- Estimated time when the fire will hit. - Number and vulnerability of structures. - Possible firefighting tactics. - Distribution of structures.

There are three tactical modes for fires in the wildland/urban interface. Match each category with an appropriate tactic. - Fight the fire before it reaches the structure. - Keep the structure from burning. - Hold the fire to reduce number of structures threatened.

- Fight the fire before it reaches the structure. (OFFENSIVE MODE) - Keep the structure from burning. (DEFENSIVE MODE) - Hold the fire to reduce number of structures threatened. (COMBINED MODE)

When working in the wildland/urban interface, you need to stay mobile and have more than one way out. Identify THREE potential road access problems you want to avoid. - Private roads and driveways with only one way in and one way out. - Dead end roads or cul-de-sacs. - Houses with two-car garage set-ups. - Wide roads with pullouts. - Driveways and turnarounds with poor access. - Multiple outlets.

- Private roads and driveways with only one way in and one way out. - Dead end roads or cul-de-sacs. - Driveways and turnarounds with poor access.

Identify TWO ways to reduce a structure's vulnerability to ignition and limit potential fire spread. - Remove combustible furniture from decks and place them inside the structure. - Check eaves, roof, roof vents, and decks for smoldering or flames. - Remove furniture and objects from inside at-risk structures. - Place pets inside the residence. - Perform interior fire attack.

- Remove combustible furniture from decks and place them inside the structure. - Check eaves, roof, roof vents, and decks for smoldering or flames.

Are you staying true to the foundational principles? Your first priority working in the wildland/urban interface is: - Homes - Wildlife and pets - Safety - Fire Suppression

- Safety

If you've determined a structure can be saved, identify THREE things your crew should do to prepare the structure. - Open all the windows and doors. - Uncover the roof vents. - Shut off above-ground fuel tanks. - Remove power lines leading to the structure. - Clean the roof of combustible materials. - Remove and scatter all fuels away from the structure.

- Shut off above-ground fuel tanks. - Clean the roof of combustible materials. - Remove and scatter all fuels away from the structure.

Structure fires can be deadly, but there are tell-tale signs pointing to trouble. Identify THREE structure situations you should avoid at ALL times. - Smoked-over or blacked windows. - Structures in the path of a wildland fire. - Bulging windows with an unventilated roof. - Fusees being used around structures. - Roofs that are over 25 percent involved during windy conditions. - Structures with uncovered windows, doors, and openings.

- Smoked-over or blacked windows. - Bulging windows with an unventilated roof. - Roofs that are over 25 percent involved during windy conditions.

A hopeless situation is one where a structure of group of structures can't be saved and you need to retreat to a safety zone. Identify THREE warning signs of a hopeless situation. - Water supply is running out or gone - Residents are not home - Structure is in danger from power lines - There are fuels scattered near the structure - More than one-quarter of roof is covered with litter or duff - Spot fires are igniting faster than they can be put out - Interior rooms are involved

- Water supply is running out or gone - Spot fires are igniting faster than they can be put out - Interior rooms are involved

You've arrived at a wildland/urban interface incident and need to perform some scene assessment. Choose the set of terms BEST completing the following sentence. Assessing the _____ and _____ of structures in your area helps you determine how many structures can be saved. - value, improvements - importance, occupants - size, shape - number, vulnerability

- number, vulnerability