Firefighting Strategies and Tactics Study Guide Chapter 6-8

What is the most abundant gas produced at any fire?

Carbon monoxide

Which of the following is an example of a broken-stream nozzle?

Cellar

What class of fire involves flammable petroleum products?

Class B

Which fire spread method involves heat transfer from the point of heat outward toward a cooler area?

Conduction

Which fire spread method spreads fire by moving air currents?

Convection

What are the three ways that water extinguishes fire?

Cools, smothers, separates

Dry powder extinguishers are best used on Class __________ fires.

D

Sodium, potassium, and calcium are all considered to be Class __________ fire materials.

D

What is the first step in determining whether the correct amount of foam is on hand for an ignited spill?

Determine the size of the burning area

Which fire spread method produces heat waves that move in a straight line from the fire?

Radiation

Upon completion of the site work of a preincident plan, the information must be:

configured into a final product

The spread of fire through __________ allows the flames to be in actual contact with the exposed surface

direct flame impingement

When water converts to steam, it can smother the fire by:

displacing the oxygen

The specific format for preincident plans is determined by:

each individual department/agency.

Fire produces a(n) __________, which is a chemical reaction that releases heat

exothermic reaction

The actual preincident planning tour should begin in/on the:

exterior

The __________ in a room determines the fire temperature and the pressure generated by the expanding heat and gases

fire load

In a mixed occupancy, the occupancy with the highest threat should be listed:

first

The four phases of fire include the incipient, __________, flashover, and smoldering/decay stages

free-burning

Water moving through hose is slowed by:

friction

Pump discharge pressure is determined by adding the nozzle pressure plus appliances plus elevation gain/loss plus:

friction loss.

Within the fire triangle, the __________ must be a combustible or flammable material.

fuel

A __________ is a structure that contains common entryways and floor layouts

garden apartment

The occupancy classification, contact names, and business hours are all found in the __________ section of the preincident plan.

general information

Dry chemical extinguishers extinguish Class B and C fires by:

interrupting the chemical chain reaction

The final phase in preincident planning is:

regularly updating the plan.

The preincident plan is developed before an incident and updated

regularly.

The date of the initial preincident plan and updates are noted in the __________ section of the preincident plan

remarks

Using the National Fire Academy fire flow formula, calculate the gallons per minute (GPM) required for a structure measuring 75 feet by 100 feet.

. 2500 GPM

Gold foam can be used on both hydrocarbons and polar solvents at __________ percent.

. 3

Smooth-bore handlines require nozzle pressure of __________ pounds per square inch.

. 50

Smooth-bore master streams require nozzle pressure of __________ pounds per square inch

. 80

About __________ percent of foam is made up of water

. 90

What class of fire involves ordinary combustibles?

. Class A

What class of foam includes protein and gold foams?

. Class B

What are the two most common hazardous materials for which extinguishing foam is used?

. Hydrocarbons and polar solvents

What does the "NP" represent in the formula for determining gallons per minute?

. Nozzle pressure

Water cannot be __________; therefore, it can be forced to move by applying pressure.

. compressed

When all of the combustibles within a room have ignited, the room is said to have reached:

. flashover.

The __________ is the amount of water needed on a given fire scene

. flow requirement

In the __________ phase, the fire preheats the surrounding material, and the growth rate increases.

. free-burning

The actual completion of the preincident drawings and documents takes place after:

. incorporating photos into the plan.

A wholesale shopping center would be considered a(n) __________ occupancy.

. mercantile

A structure that is attached to another structure and shares common walls and roofs is a:

. row house

A row of attached mercantile occupancies with a common roofline is a:

. strip shopping center.

The application rate of the foam being used for hydrocarbons is generally:

0.10.

__________ absorbs heat or requires heat to be added.

An endothermic reaction

At an incident scene, where should the incident commander keep the preincident plan?

At the command post

Carbon dioxide extinguishers are primarily used for Class __________ fires

B and C

Which of the following would be labeled a business occupancy?

Bank

In what section of the preincident plan would a fire officer find information on the construction type and any vertical or horizontal openings?

Building features

A Class __________ fire involves electrically energized equipment.

C

Normal breathing air contains __________ percent oxygen

. 21

Water converts to steam at __________ °F.

. 212

Which of the following is the most prevalent extinguishing agent?

Water

The pressure on a water distribution system during ordinary demand is known as __________ pressure

normal operating

A fog nozzle most often requires an operating pressure of __________ pounds per square inch.

100

Both the National Fire Academy and Iowa formulas calculate the flow requirement for structures that are __________ percent involved in flame.

100

Using the Iowa formula, calculate the gallons per minute (GPM) required for a structure measuring 50 feet wide by 100 feet long by 20 feet tall.

1000 GPM

Elevation pressure for a three-story building would be __________ pounds per square inch

15

At 212°F, water expands __________ times its original volume.

1700

Using the Iowa formula, calculate the gallons per minute (GPM) required for a structure measuring 30 feet wide by 200 feet long by 30 feet tall.

1800 GPM

Using the National Fire Academy fire flow formula, calculate the gallons per minute (GPM) required for a structure measuring 100 feet by 250 feet.

8333 GPM

__________ occupancies are buildings that fabricate, assemble, or manufacture products.

Factory/industrial

Which term represents an artificial face or front of a building?

Façade

Which of the following would be considered a business occupancy?

Florist shop

What type of nozzle has the best cooling capabilities?

Fog

What type of nozzle, if its stream is applied incorrectly, is most likely to disturb the natural thermal layers of a fire?

Fog

Friction loss can be reduced by reducing the number of bends and:

Friction loss can be reduced by reducing the number of bends and:

Which of the following is considered to be the reducing agent?

Fuel

What are the three sides of the fire triangle?

Heat, fuel, and oxygen

Class __________ fires involve vegetable or animal oils

K

Which National Fire Protection Association standard contains common recommended symbols for conducting preincident plans?

NFPA 1620

What does the "d" represent in the formula for determining gallons per minute?

Nozzle opening diameter

Upon completion, where should preincident plans be kept?

On the apparatus

What type of nozzle is best suited for direct applications where reach and penetration are needed?

Smooth bore

Which of the following refers to the situation in which the walls and furnishings in a compartment heat up and then that heat is transferred within the compartment?

Thermal radiation feedback

What is the first step in the preincident planning process?

Touring the building

Overhead obstructions should be noted in the __________ section of the preincident plan.

access information

Theaters, restaurants, and libraries are labeled as __________ occupancies.

assembly

A __________ will ignite with an explosive force brought on by a sudden influx of oxygen.

backdraft

The fire tetrahedron includes four sides: heat, fuel, oxygen, and:

chemical chain reaction

Occupancies that store or manufacture highly combustible items are labeled __________ occupancies

hazard

Hospitals and nursing homes fall under the __________ occupancy classification.

institutional

The basic information needed from the business owner/occupant are the __________ and owner/occupant contact information.

keyholder information

Between 32°F and 212°F water is in a __________ form.

liquid

A preincident plan is a systematic approach to learning the __________ of a building.

major components

Immediate life hazards found while conducting preincident plans should be:

mitigated while on scene

A dry chemical sodium bicarbonate extinguisher is considered to be a(n) __________ extinguisher.

ordinary

Within the uninhibited chain reaction that occurs in fire growth, there is a transfer of electrons caused by the __________, which adopts electrons from the fuel

oxidizing agent

In the first stages of fire growth there is a sustainable __________ and the fire can grow as long as there is sufficient __________.

oxygen supply; fuel

A preincident __________ is the completed task, whereas preincident __________ is the task of creating the document.

plan; planning

Ketones and ethanols are:

polar solvents

A __________ is a document that details various aspects of a building before an incident occurs.

preincident plan

Fire spreads by four principal means: convection, __________, conduction, and direct flame impingement

radiation

Fingers of fire that begin to roll across the ceiling are called:

rollover

A drawing done while in the field that represents the main building features is known as a(n):

rough sketch

The action caused by a Class K fire extinguisher is known as:

saponification.

When determining the stage of fire growth, fire fighters should consider the density, color, and pressure behind the smoke and the:

shape and color of the flames.

The key to recognizing flashover is to observe the __________ and fire growth

smoke movement

Once a room has consumed all available oxygen, it enters the __________ phase

smoldering

The tactic of introducing foam at the bottom of a bulk storage tank is called:

subsurface injection.

The rate of heat flow is directly proportional to:

temperature difference.

Electromagnetic energy becomes __________ energy when it strikes an object.

thermal

There are __________ physical properties of matter.

three