FN235 Exam 1

If an individual has the title "nutritionist" by their name, one can be certain the person is a legitimate and qualified nutrition expert. Example: Yadier Molina, Nutritionist.

False

Which of the following foods is naturally a rich source of phytochemicals?

Grapes

Which of the following microbes is associated with the development of most stomach ulcers?

H. pylori

Which of the following statements is true?

Heartburn often results when the gastroesophageal sphincter fails to close properly.

Sometimes you may have an appetite even though you are not hungry.

True

The credentials "RD" are that of a nutrition professional.

True

Which of the following substances is a nutrient that does not supply any energy for the human body?

Vitamin C

A person's usual pattern of food choices is his or her

diet

Sam wants to estimate the grams of carbohydrate in a sugar-sweetened soft drink that supplies 100 kcal per serving. The soft drink contains no fiber, protein, fat, and alcohol. To obtain this value, he should

divide the number of kcal per serving by 4.

Chyme moves from the stomach into the

duodenum

Which of the following structures normally prevents swallowed food from entering the larynx and trachea?

epiglottis

An _____ is a body structure composed of tissues that have related functions.

organ

Which of the following organs produces and secretes enzymes that are essential for proper digestion?

pancreas

Small amounts of food move from the back of the mouth and through the esophagus by involuntary muscular movements called

peristalsis

A study that will look at data as it unfolds in the future is called a

prospective study

A study that looks at data from the past is called a

retrospective study

Chyme is the

semisolid liquid formed by the partial digestion of food in the stomach.

After being absorbed, most lipids become incorporated into chylomicrons and enter the

villa

The lining of the small intestine is covered with _____, tiny, finger-like structures that absorb nutrients from food.

villi

Which of the following nutrients is a source of energy?

Protein

A serving of food contains 2 g carbohydrate, 16 g protein, 6 g fat, 2 mcg vitamin B12, and 60 mg iron. Based on this information, this food provides ___ kcal/serving.

126

Jorge weighs 198 pounds. What is his weight in kilograms?

90 kg

The entire process of digestion and absorption of one meal takes about twenty-four hours.

True

In relation to the pH scale, the stomach is more:

acidic

Salivary glands secrete amylase, an enzyme that enables a minor amount of _____ to be digested in the mouth.

starch

The recommended amount of a nutrient is 100 mg. Therefore, a megadose of this nutrient would be

1 g

The gastrointestinal tract (GI Tract) is approximately _______ feet long:

16-26

Which of the following statements is true?

The pyloric sphincter controls the rate at which chyme enters the small intestine.

An example of a probiotic:

all of the choices are correct

You can tell a claim about nutrition may not be valid if it bears the following characteristics:

all of the choices are correct

Which of the following compounds is secreted by the human stomach?

all of these are correct

Which of the following factors influences a person's food choices?

all of these are correct

The psychological desire to consume foods is known as _____________, while the physical/physiological desire to consume foods is known as _______________:

appetite; hunger

The chemical that neutralizes the acidic chyme so that the lining of the duodenum is not eroded is:

bicarbonate

Which of the following organs is not an accessory organ of the digestive system?

brain

A primary function of the digestive system is the

breakdown of food into nutrients.

The ____ is the smallest living functional unit in an organism.

cell

After the food has left the stomach, it is called:

chyme

The _____ helps form feces by absorbing excess water and some minerals from chyme.

large intestine

Which of the following substances participates in a chemical reaction that results in the digestion of fat?

lipase

The _____ is an accessory organ of the digestive system.

liver

_________________ digestion is the physical breakdown of foods whereas _________________ digestion is the enzymatic reactions that break-down large food molecules.

mechanical, chemical

____ is the total of all chemical activities that occur in cells.

metabolism

_____ is the sum of all chemical reactions that occur in living cells.

metabolism

The process of digesting food begins in the _____.

mouth