Forearm and Hand: Ligaments and movements

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flexor retinaculum

AKA transverse carpal ligament extends from pisiform and hamate medially to scaphoid and trapezium laterally - Makes up roof of carpal tunnel

Ulnar collateral ligament consist of what

Anterior Bundle Posterior Bundle Transverse ligament

Annular ligament is attached by what?

Anterior and posterior margins of the radial notch of the ulna

The thumb joint is a what?

Saddle joint

Flexor Retinaculum is what and is where?

Strong fibrous band Palmar side, just distal to the flexor crease

Extensor retinaculum: location and purpose

Superficial; on posterior side of ulna Stabilizes wrist and thumb extensors

" Tommy John surgery means what?

UCL must be repaired

What does the RCL prevent?

medial flexion and lateral translation of the elbow joint

The thumb is also known as what?

1st carpometacarpal

What are the portions of the UCL?

2 portions: Anterior and Posterior bundle - United by the thinner transverse ligament

Flexor Retinaculum Forms what?

Carpal tunnel with carpal bones ( where flexor tendons and median nerve travels)

Triangular Firbrocartialge Complex

Consist of a radioulnar disc and supporting ligaments that provide stability to Distal radial ulnar joint

Ulnar nerve compression

Could occur in guyons canal - lose sensation of pinky and 1/2 of ring finger - happens for a long time= weakness of intrinsic muscles

Extensor retinaclum goes from where to where ?

Distal head of ulna to styloid process of radius

Dorsal radiocarpal

Dorsal stretched with flexion

Forearm and Elbow movements

Elbow: Flexion and extension Forearm: Supination and Pronation

Cubital varus

Extended forearm is deviated towards middle of body

Wrist Movements

Extension Flexion Radial and ulnar deviation

Movements of Thumb

Flexion Extension Abduction Adduction Opposition Reposition

Movements of 2nd-5th proximal and distal interphalangeal

Flexion and Extension

Movements of 1st interphalangeal

Flexion and extension

Movements of 2nd-5th metacarpophalangeal Joints

Flexion and extension Abduction and adduction

Cubital valgus

Forearm angled way from body - Stretches ulnar collateral lig - Happens when pitchers throw

palmar aponeurosis

Goes to transverse ligament - connected to skin above and tendons below

annular ligament of finger

Hold down superficialis tendon AKA fibrous tendon sheaths

cruciate ligament of finger

Holds down tendons of FDS and FDP - act as pulleys

What does the RCL do to the elbow during flexion

It stabilizes it

Collateral ligaments

Limit abduction/adduction

Guyon's canal

Location: Passes b/t pisiform and hook of hamate - possible entrapment site

UCL is also known as what?

Medial collateral ligament of the elbow

interosseous membrane

Membrane transfers force from distal end of radius to the proximal end of ulna

Flexor retinaculum origin and insertion

O= attaches medially on pisiform and hook of hamate I= lateral side of scaphoid

UCL originates and inserts where?

Origin: distal aspect of humerus Insertion: Proximal aspect of ulna

palmar radiocarpal ligament

Palmar stretched with extension

Annular ligaments actions allowed

Pronation and supination - very flexible and allows head of radius to rotate freely - Babysitter's elbow- When radial head slips out of annular ligament common in children because radial head is small

Lateral Collateral ligament Complex (LCL) consist of what

Radial Collateral ligament (RCL) Lateral Ulnar Collateral ligement (LUC)

What is shape, position, and purpose of UCL?

Thick triangular band on medial side of elbow - acts as primary elbow stabilizer

Annular ligament

encircles head of radius

Median Nerve

impinged during Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS)

ulnar collateral ligament in finger

injury to this= gamers/skiers thumb - keeps thumb from overabducting

Annular ligament does what?

keeps in contact with radial notch of ulna

Radial Collateral Ligament goes from where to where?

lateral epicondyle of humerus to the annular ligament and lateral side of ulna

Palmer plates

limit hyperextension - made of fibrocartilage - Location: DIP, PIP

RCL does what?

stabilizes the lateral side of the elbow

Ulnar collateral of hand

stretched with radial deviation

radial collateral of wrist

stretched with ulnar deviation

Palmar carpal ligament

thickening of deep ante brachial fascia - Covers ulnar Artery and Nerve - attaches into palmaris longus


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