Forearm and Hand: Ligaments and movements
flexor retinaculum
AKA transverse carpal ligament extends from pisiform and hamate medially to scaphoid and trapezium laterally - Makes up roof of carpal tunnel
Ulnar collateral ligament consist of what
Anterior Bundle Posterior Bundle Transverse ligament
Annular ligament is attached by what?
Anterior and posterior margins of the radial notch of the ulna
The thumb joint is a what?
Saddle joint
Flexor Retinaculum is what and is where?
Strong fibrous band Palmar side, just distal to the flexor crease
Extensor retinaculum: location and purpose
Superficial; on posterior side of ulna Stabilizes wrist and thumb extensors
" Tommy John surgery means what?
UCL must be repaired
What does the RCL prevent?
medial flexion and lateral translation of the elbow joint
The thumb is also known as what?
1st carpometacarpal
What are the portions of the UCL?
2 portions: Anterior and Posterior bundle - United by the thinner transverse ligament
Flexor Retinaculum Forms what?
Carpal tunnel with carpal bones ( where flexor tendons and median nerve travels)
Triangular Firbrocartialge Complex
Consist of a radioulnar disc and supporting ligaments that provide stability to Distal radial ulnar joint
Ulnar nerve compression
Could occur in guyons canal - lose sensation of pinky and 1/2 of ring finger - happens for a long time= weakness of intrinsic muscles
Extensor retinaclum goes from where to where ?
Distal head of ulna to styloid process of radius
Dorsal radiocarpal
Dorsal stretched with flexion
Forearm and Elbow movements
Elbow: Flexion and extension Forearm: Supination and Pronation
Cubital varus
Extended forearm is deviated towards middle of body
Wrist Movements
Extension Flexion Radial and ulnar deviation
Movements of Thumb
Flexion Extension Abduction Adduction Opposition Reposition
Movements of 2nd-5th proximal and distal interphalangeal
Flexion and Extension
Movements of 1st interphalangeal
Flexion and extension
Movements of 2nd-5th metacarpophalangeal Joints
Flexion and extension Abduction and adduction
Cubital valgus
Forearm angled way from body - Stretches ulnar collateral lig - Happens when pitchers throw
palmar aponeurosis
Goes to transverse ligament - connected to skin above and tendons below
annular ligament of finger
Hold down superficialis tendon AKA fibrous tendon sheaths
cruciate ligament of finger
Holds down tendons of FDS and FDP - act as pulleys
What does the RCL do to the elbow during flexion
It stabilizes it
Collateral ligaments
Limit abduction/adduction
Guyon's canal
Location: Passes b/t pisiform and hook of hamate - possible entrapment site
UCL is also known as what?
Medial collateral ligament of the elbow
interosseous membrane
Membrane transfers force from distal end of radius to the proximal end of ulna
Flexor retinaculum origin and insertion
O= attaches medially on pisiform and hook of hamate I= lateral side of scaphoid
UCL originates and inserts where?
Origin: distal aspect of humerus Insertion: Proximal aspect of ulna
palmar radiocarpal ligament
Palmar stretched with extension
Annular ligaments actions allowed
Pronation and supination - very flexible and allows head of radius to rotate freely - Babysitter's elbow- When radial head slips out of annular ligament common in children because radial head is small
Lateral Collateral ligament Complex (LCL) consist of what
Radial Collateral ligament (RCL) Lateral Ulnar Collateral ligement (LUC)
What is shape, position, and purpose of UCL?
Thick triangular band on medial side of elbow - acts as primary elbow stabilizer
Annular ligament
encircles head of radius
Median Nerve
impinged during Carpal Tunnel Syndrome (CTS)
ulnar collateral ligament in finger
injury to this= gamers/skiers thumb - keeps thumb from overabducting
Annular ligament does what?
keeps in contact with radial notch of ulna
Radial Collateral Ligament goes from where to where?
lateral epicondyle of humerus to the annular ligament and lateral side of ulna
Palmer plates
limit hyperextension - made of fibrocartilage - Location: DIP, PIP
RCL does what?
stabilizes the lateral side of the elbow
Ulnar collateral of hand
stretched with radial deviation
radial collateral of wrist
stretched with ulnar deviation
Palmar carpal ligament
thickening of deep ante brachial fascia - Covers ulnar Artery and Nerve - attaches into palmaris longus
