Foundations of Engineering & Technology- Design Process Chapters 4-8 Review

____ thinking seeks to imagine as many different solutions as possible. ____ thinking narrows and focuses ideas until the most feasible solution is found.

(in order) divergent, convergent

Name one of the rules used for effective brainstorming.

(one of the following) Encourage unconventional, unusual ideas. Record the ideas without reacting to them. Seek quantity, not quality. Maintain a rapidly paced session.

Parallel lines meet at distant vantage point. A. Oblique B. Isometric C. Perspective

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Scientific modeling____. A. is an activity in which engineers create simulations based on existing or accepted findings related to the natural world. B. can be used when it is difficult or impossible to create true conditions that can be measured. C. can provide data on material reaction to the natural environment over time, which can then be used to develop and evaluate solutions. D. All the above.

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Shows the object as the human eye sees it. A. Oblique B. Isometric C. Perspective

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The angles formed by the lines in the upper-right corner are equal. A. Oblique B. Isometric C. Perspective

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The front view appears as if a person is looking directly at the object. A. Oblique B. Isometric C. Perspective

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The two types are caviler and cabinet. A. Oblique B. Isometric C. Perspective

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Used when the top, sides, and front are equally important. A. Oblique B. Isometric C. Perspective

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Work (w) = force (f) x distance (d) is an example of a(n) ____ model.

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____ lines indicate the points at which the measurements are taken. A. Extension B. Dimension C. Tolerance D. None of the above

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_____ is a process in which the ideal solution is created based on the specifications and constraints of the design.

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____ sketches are incomplete, unrefined sketches used to communicate design solutions.

Rough

List the three types of information required in detailed sketches when building models.

(all three, in any order) size information, location information, geometric information

Always has one corner made up of three 120 degree angles. A. Oblique B. Isometric C. Perspective

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What is the advantage of using a design team versus a single-person approach to design?

A design team allows various people to contribute their expertise, skills, and talents to a project. No one person on the team does the job alone. Team members work together.

What are three ways in which problems vary?

Any order: complexity, structure, and context.

Define the term classification as it is used in developing design solutions.

Classification involves dividing the problem into major segments. Each segment is them reduced into smaller parts.

Designing the arrangement of components to produce a desired result is called a ____.

system designs

True or false? It is often necessary to move back and fourth between the steps of the engineering design process.

true

____ drawings include one or more views of the object in in one drawing in order to fully communicate the shape and size of that object.

Multiview

Engineering design problems involve the need to create either a technological ____ or ____ as a solution.

system, product

List in order, the 6 major steps used to solve the engineering design process.

1. Define the problem 2. Gather information 3. Develop a design solution 4. Make a solution 5. Evaluate the solution 6. Communicate the results

List the steps followed in developing design solutions.

1. Developing primary solutions 2. Isolating and refining the best solution 3. Detailing the best solution 4. Modeling the solution using a computer 5. Optimization 6. Developing a production procedure.

What is a mind map and how is it used in the engineering design process?

A mind map is a strategy used to develop a design solution. It is a diagram that helps people visually organize information or ideas around a central topic or theme. Engineers and designers can use mind maps as a tool for brainstorming and generating ideas for developing a solution to a problem.

What are the primary differences among one-point, two-point, and three-point perspective sketches?

A one-point perspective shows an object as if you are directly in front of the object. A two-point perspective shows how an object appears if you stand at one corner. A three-point perspective shows how the eye sees the length, width, and height of an object.

Which of the following regarding refined sketches is not true? A. They merge ideas from two or more rough sketches. B. The shape may come from one sketch and different ideas from another sketch. C. Different ideas are blended into a unified whole. D. They are exactly like the original rough sketches.

D.

_____ sketches communicate the information needed to build a model of the product or structure.

Detailed

What is the first step in the general problem-solving process?

Develop an understanding of the problem through observation and investigation.

____ design problems are the most complex and least strustured types of problems.

Engineering

True or False? Problem solving involves devising a new solution that has not previously been found or defined.

False

True or false? The best solution is always the least expensive one.

False

What is a what-if-scenario?

What-if scenarios start with a wild proposal. The proposal's good and bad points are investigated and then good points are used to develop solutions.

What 5 things should a problem statement contain?

Who the problem affects, what the problem is, when the problem occurs, where the problem happens, and why the problem is important to solve.

Critical thinking is a type of thinking that uses mental abilities to identify, _____, and evaluate a situation or problem.

analyze

Deadlines, energy consumption, and funding are examples of engineering design ____.

constraints