Fundamentals
What is considered pre-hypertension? How often should these clients follow up?
120/80-139/89 mm Hg Re-check in a year
What is stage 1 hypertension? How often should these clients follow up?
140/90-159/99 mmHg Re-check in two months to confirm
What is stage 2 hypertension? How often do we follow up?
> 160/100 mmHg Re-check in a month
What are droplet precautions used for?
All respiratory diseases: Pneumoniea, influenza, meningitis, mumps, rubella, adenovirus, diptheria, scarlet fever
What is an adverse hospital event?
An event that is a medical error that may result in causing harm to the patient. However, the harm is not too severe or life-threatening to the patient. Adverse events are caused by human errors made by health care professionals or error in the hospital system. They are analyzed using the failure mode effective analysis tool.
Peplau's Nursing Theory
Develop interaction between nurse and patient - nurses participate in structuring health care systems to facilitate interpersonal relationships.
How do you assess a patient with anxiety?
Divide the assessment into shorter periods of time. This helps reduce pt's. irritation and aggressive behavior.
What is a sentinel event?
Even that may result in death of the patient and that is caused by severe variation in the standard of care. They are usually analyzed used the root cause analysis tool.
Nightingale's Nursing Theory
Facilitate the reparative processes of the body by manipulating patient's environment.
Benner and Wrubel's Nursing Theory
Focus on patient's need for caring as a means of coping with stressors of illness - caring is central.
What are contact precautions used for?
MRSA, C. Diff, impetigo, RSV, Scabies, varicella zoster,
What are airborne precautions used for?
Measles, Chickenpox, TB
In which situation does the nurse consider the family as context?
The nurse is caring for an individual with tonsillitis. Rationale: The nurse views the family as context when providing nursing care for only one member of the family, such as a client with tonsillitis. The primary focus in this case is the health and development of one member. When the nurse is caring for a dying client and providing nursing care for all the family members, the nurse views the family as a system. The nurse views the family as a client when teaching young parents about caring for their toddler. The nurse also views the family as a client while assessing the needs of the family caregivers.
A nurse notices that a client is in spiritual distress. Which nursing action establishes the nurse as a caregiver?
The nurse provides therapeutic treatment to the client. Rationale: A nurse serves as a caregiver by meeting all the health care requirements of the client by providing measures that restore a client's emotional, spiritual, and social well-being. In the given scenario, the nurse provides therapeutic treatment to the client as a caregiver. As an educator, the nurse teaches the client about the signs of spiritual distress. As a client's advocate, the nurse communicates the wishes of the client to family members. The nurse follows the principle of accountability by collaborating with the agency chaplain to pursue the best treatment plan.
What is King's Theory of Nursing
Use communication to help patient reestablish positive adaptation to environment.
What are standard precautions?
Used on all patients: -wash hands -wear clean gloves when touching body fluids -mask/eye protection/gown during procedures that are likely to cause splashes -dispense needles and soiled linen in biohazard -use private room when neccessary
What is supportive care for cancer patients?
fluid replacement therapy, providing blood transfusions, and administering bone marrow-stimulating agents "supports patient health"
