Fundamentals of Nursing Course Point Quiz- CH. 2

A nurse is reading a research article from a nursing journal. The nurse is aware that the opening paragraph summarizing the article and the research findings is a good place to start. What part of the article is the nurse reading?

Abstract

Which theory describes how humans adjust to life with other living things and with the environment?

Adaptation theory

A nurse researcher is examining the cause-and-effect relationship between the consumption of tap water containing minimal amounts of bleach, and the incidence of cancer in rats. The research is taking place in a laboratory setting. What type of quantitative research is being used based upon this description?

Experimental research

A nurse is planning to conduct a nursing research study and is seeking federal funding. Which institution would be most helpful for the nurse to contact regarding acquiring funding?

National Institute of Nursing Research

What was the focus of nursing research during the first half of the twentieth century,?

Nursing education

Which is most similar to a nursing model?

Nursing theory

Which are core concepts in nursing theory? (Select all that apply.)

Person (client) Environment Health Nursing

When following evidence-based practice, a nurse's actions are based on which sources of information? (Select all that apply.)

Published research National standards National guidelines Targeted literature

Which statement best explains the importance of theoretic frameworks?

Theoretic frameworks advance nursing knowledge and practice.

A nurse is preparing to conduct a research study and uses the PICO format to develop the foreground question which is: "In adults, does reducing salt intake, compared to no change in salt intake, lower blood pressure?" The nurse identifies the "P" as:

adults

When the nurse researcher informs the participant that the participant's identity will not be linked with the information that is collected, the researcher is ensuring the participant's:

confidentiality.

One of the primary reasons for conducting nursing research is to:

generate knowledge to guide practice.

3 Four concepts common in nursing theory are the person, the environment, ______________, and nursing.

health

Phenomenology is a type of ___________ research that describes experiences as they are lived by the subjects being studied.

qualitative

A group of concepts that follow an understandable pattern makes up a _______________ framework or model.

conceptual

A nurse is discussing dietary issues with a Latino client in the clinic. The client states, "My grandmother always told me that I needed to include beans in my diet so that my muscles would grow." The information that the client is expressing is known as what?

Traditional knowledge

A nurse is orienting a group of nurses who will be helping to collect data for the nurse's research study. The nurse is explaining the study's theoretical framework, likening it to:

an architectural blueprint.

Christine Grady is a nurse ethicist that proposed a framework for evaluating ethics. Grady suggested that a independent review is needed for ethical research. This principle is correctly defined as:

unaffiliated individuals must review the research and approve, amend, or terminate the research.

Theories that address nursing interventions and the consequences of those interventions are called ______________; they are designed to promote, control, and change clinical nursing practice.

prescriptive

A nurse subscribes to the Basic Needs theory. Which action by the nurse exemplifies this theory?

Assisting the client to the bedside commode

The American Nurses Association's Commission on Nursing Education developed guidelines for the investigative function of nurses at different educational levels. Which guideline is for a nurse with an associate degree?

Assists in collection of data within an established, structured format

A nurse develops the following foreground question using the PICO format in preparation for a research study: "In overweight clients, how do chromium supplements compared to no supplements help with weight loss?" Which part of the question reflects the intervention?

Chromium supplements

Who is considered to be the first nursing theorist who conceptualized nursing in terms of manipulating the environment?

Florence Nightingale

A nursing theorist examines a hospital environment by studying each ward and how it works individually, and then relates this information to the hospital as a whole working entity. This is an example of the use of which theory?

General systems theory

Which theory emphasizes the relationships between the whole and the parts, and describes how parts function and behave?

General systems theory

What is a conceptual framework?

A group of interrelated objects that follow a pattern

A research nurse approaches a client about the possibility of being in a clinical trial. After the nurse explains the research procedure, the client asks, "What will happen if I get the placebo and not the treatment?" Which response by the nurse is best?

"You will receive the same care regardless of whether you get the placebo or the treatment."

A nurse who works in a pediatric practice assesses the developmental level of children of various ages to determine their psychosocial development. These assessments are based on the work of:

Erikson.

Which group of nurses would be least likely involved in direct research? Select all that apply.

Novice nurses Student nurses

A nurse is planning to participate in a research project and is looking for information about what is already known about the topic. The nurse is involved in which step of the research process?

Scientific literature review

A community health nurse has been visiting a diabetic client whose morning fasting glucose levels are constantly elevated. Upon further assessment, the nurse determines that the client's spouse does not understand how to prepare meals following the prescribed diabetic diet. Using Dorothea Orem's Self-Care Theory, how can the nurse help meet the needs of this client?

Arrange an evaluation appointment with a dietitian.

Which is a focus of medical research rather than nursing research?

Drug metabolism

When looking at a model for evidence-based practice, what is the final step of the process?

Evaluating practice change

The scientific process and nursing research have the same methodologies for investigating and solving problems. Place the steps of the scientific process and nursing research in order.

Identifying what one needs to know or is curious about Deciding the approach to seeking the answer Devising a plan Implementing the plan Assessing the outcomes

Nurses in an ICU noticed that their clients required fewer interventions for pain when the ICU was quiet. They then asked a researcher to design a study about the effects of noise on the pain levels of hospitalized clients. How does this demonstrate the ultimate goal of expanding the nursing body of knowledge?

Nursing research helps improve ways to promote and maintain health.

The second step in implementation of evidence-based practice includes systematic review. To complete a systematic review of the literature, what must the nurse do?

Summarize findings from multiple studies that are related to a particular nursing practice

The second step in implementation of evidence-based practice includes systematic review. To complete a systematic review of the literature, what must the nurse do?

Summarize findings from multiple studies that are related to a particular nursing practice.

Place the steps of evidence-based practice in the correct order.

Design a question related to a clinical area of interest. Collect the most relevant and best evidence available. Critically evaluate the collected evidence. Integrate the evidence with clinical expertise, client preferences, and values as the decision is made to make a change. Evaluate the decision or change.

A student nurse is having difficulties finding appropriate journal articles to prepare for a research project. Which individual will be best for the student to approach for assistance with this process?

Librarian

Adaptation theory outlines the process of growth and development of humans as orderly and predictable. t/f

false

Traditional knowledge comes from an expert and is accepted as truth based on the person's perceived expertise. t/f

false

Quantitative research involves the concepts of basic and applied research. t/f

true

Which could be considered an example of a qualitative research project?

A PhD nursing student is collecting data on how Somali immigrants perceive the care they receive in one community clinic. The nursing student is taping and analyzing interviews with clients that have been in the country and community 2 years or less and who have sought care at least once at this clinic.

A nurse researcher who plans to collect and analyze data for the purpose of improving clinical practice should select which method of research?

Applied research

A nurse researcher who plans to collect and analyze data for the purpose of creating a new theory should select which type of research?

Basic research

Which are examples of ways that a nurse can use theories to guide client care? (Select all that apply.)

Collect client data. Organize client information. Classify client data. Analyze client situations.

Which is true of concepts?

Concepts describe objects, properties, and events and the relationships among them

A nurse researcher develops a foreground question in preparation for conducting a research study. The question is: "In clients with intravenous catheters, how does replacing administration sets every 72 hours (h) compared with other frequent intervals (24h, 48h, or 96h) decrease infection rates?" Applying the PICO framework, which part of the statement reflects the "O"?

Decrease infection rates

A nurse researcher is planning to conduct a research study and applies to the appropriate Institutional Review Board (IRB) for approval. When applying to the IRB, which information would the nurse researcher be required to include? Select all that apply.

Detailed plans for data security A proposed consent form

A public health nurse is working with a large group of clients who require a variety of patient care, health teaching, and health promotion. Using Virginia Henderson's Basic Needs Theory, how should the nurse proceed in order to provide a variety of medical, health teaching, and health promotion interventions?

Determine general basic needs of the group and additional needs specific to each client.

A parent has brought a 6-year-old child into the clinic. The parent is concerned that the child does not seem to skip as well as the other children in the child's class. In planning assessments and care for this child, the nurse would be best served by choosing which theory as a foundation for decision making?

Developmental theory

What nursing activity forms the bridge between theory and practice?

Evidence-based research

Which activity best helps the nurse apply theory to practice?

Evidence-based research

If a nurse describes a study of people and the nursing profession including studies of education, policy development, ethics, and nursing history, then what is the nurse defining?

Nursing research

Which theory describes, explains, predicts, and controls outcomes in nursing practice?

Nursing theory

The focus of nursing is always on which of the four common concepts in nursing theory?

Person

A group of nurses is planning to investigate the effectiveness of turning immobilized stroke clients more frequently in order to prevent skin breakdown. The team has begun by formulating a PICO question. Which element will the "O" in the team's PICO question refer to?

Preventing skin breakdown

The method by which one examines a general idea and then considers specific actions or ideas is known as deductive reasoning. t/f

true

What type of research study would a hospital conduct to explore clients' and families' perceptions of receiving care?

Qualitative

The nurse researcher would like to gather data about the attitudes of young adults on spirituality and health care. What is the most effective form of research on this topic?

Qualitative research

Which events in the history of nursing research occurred in the 1970s and 1980s? Select all that apply.

Research was focused on clinical practice, including clinical interventions. Primary client care led to research investigating outcomes and quality of care. The nursing process was studied. Concerns of nursing education involved student-learning experiences and clinical evaluation.

Nurse researchers use both quantitative and qualitative research in their practices. Which actions are examples of the use of qualitative research? Select all that apply.

The nurse examines nursing issues related to Native American/First Nation clients. The nurse investigates past nursing trends to understand the current profession. The nurse discovers how people describe the effect of illness in their lives.

Which aspect of the nursing research process addresses a client's understanding of the potential risks and benefits of the study?

Undergoing the informed consent process with the client

A novice nurse is sharing a newly published research article which outlines a different approach in preventing a wound infection after surgery with a colleague and states the nurse is going to try this new method. Which is the best response from the colleague?

Wait until the method is analyzed to ensure it will be appropriate for their clients.

A nurse who will be conducting a research study asks an experienced nurse researcher, "When do I write my problem statement?" Which response by the nurse researcher would be appropriate?

You'll do this after reviewing the literature and identifying your framework

A well-constructed problem statement formulated at the beginning of a nursing research study should:

indicate the population.

The National Institute of Nursing Research (NINR) was established following a study in 1983. The center's purpose is to:

promote research for health promotion.

Nursing _______________differentiates nursing from other disciplines and activities in that it serves the purposes of describing, explaining, predicting, and controlling desired outcomes of nursing care practices.

theory

Nursing care activities that are supported by valid and reliable research is known as evidence-based practice. t/f

true

Evidence-based care emphasizes decision making based on the best available evidence and:

use of outcome studies to guide decisions.