Gen Bio chapter 8&10

Cytokinesis usually, but not always, follows mitosis. If a cell undergoes mitosis and not cytokinesis, this would result in

a cell with two muclei

Cells grown in a petri dish tend to divide until they form a thin layer covering the bottom of the dish. This is known as ______________.

contact inhibition

Proteins that are involved in the regulation of the cell cycle, and that show fluctuation in concentration during the cell cycle, are called

cyclins

When during the cell cycle are chromosomes visible under a microscope?

during mitosis

If you were looking under the compound light microscope at an onion root tip, in what stage of the cell cycle would the majority of the cells be?

interphase

Which of the following statements is correct regarding the events of the cell cycle?

interphase consists of G1, S, and G2

During which stage of the cell cycle do the chromosomes duplicate?

interphase: S

The mitotic spindle is composed of ________, which originate from the __________.

microtubules; centrosome

Cells that do not receive the correct signals to move from G1 into S phase will enter G0 and therefore will

not undergo mitotic division unless it later receives the go-ahead signal.

Chromatin wrapped around histones form a bead-like structure known as a

nucleosome

Unicellular organisms undergo mitotic division to

produce new organisms

Ben was looking at onion root tip cells under the microscope in biology class. He saw one cell that had two nuclei within it. What stage of the cell cycle was this cell in?

telophase/cytokinesis

A cell is inhibited during the S phase of its cycle. It will not reproduce due to lack of

DNA synthesis

Which items in the following pairs are correctly matched?

G1 phase- organelle replication

Nuclear division occurs during

M phase

The drug chloral hydrate prevents elongation of microtubules. During which stage of the cell cycle would chloral hydrate be most harmful?

Mphase

Inheritance of mutant forms of some genes may lead to a predisposition to develop cancer. Which of the genes listed below takes its name from its association with an eye tumor?

RB

During which phase of mitosis are the sister chromatids separated and consequently become daughter chromosomes?

anaphase

________________ contributes to carcinogenesis because it causes blood vessels to grow into the tumor.

angiogenesis

Apoptosis

can be used to remove damaged or malfunctioning cells

What structure holds two sister chromatids together?

centromere

Which of the following organelles would be abundant and in close proximity to the cell plate in a plant cell undergoing cytokinesis?

golgi apparatus

The presence of which protein is required in order for chromatin to compact correctly within the nucleus?

histone

Multicellular organisms undergo mitotic cell division to

increase the size of the organisms

Susan went to an oncologist because some cancerous cells had been detected within her breast tissue.Which of the following is NOT a warning signal for cancer?

some cells were found going through the cell cycle

The term metastasis refers to the fact that cancer cells tend to ____.

spread

A proto-oncogene differs from a tumor suppressor gene because a proto-oncogene

stimulates mitosis in a normal cell. whereas a tumor supressor gene inhibits mitosis

The G2 checkpoint prevents the cell cycle from continuing until

the DNA has finished replicating

Cytokinesis in plants occurs as ________ and in animals as ________.

the Golgi apparatus produces membrane-bound vesicles filled with materials to make the cell wall; actin fibers pull the membrane inward until the two sides touch

A tumor suppressor gene undergoes a mutation that causes it to lose its normal function. What would be the most likely result of this mutation?

the cell no longer responds to signals that cause it to stop dividing or undergo apoptosis

A mutation results in a cell that no longer produces a normal protein needed for the M-phase checkpoint. Which of the following would likely be the immediate result of this mutation?

the cell would never leave metaphase

How do the daughter cells at the end of mitosis and cytokinesis compare to their parent cell when it was in G1 of the cell cycle?

the daughter cells have the same number of chromosomes and the same amount of DNA

If a cell stops at the G1 checkpoint, this is most likely due to what problem?

there is DNA damage

he spindle serves two rolls in mitotic cell division. These are

to separate the sister chromatids and to elongate the cell

A protein that promotes apoptosis would be considered a(n)

tumor supressor