Genetic Code and Translation
How many RNA combinations are there?
64
Transcribe the following strand of DNA TACGCA
AUGCGU
TACGCACCGTGACAC
AUGCGUGGCACUGUG
Define Codon
a group of three RNA bases
What is DNA?
a molecule that contains genetic information within a cell
How are proteins made?
by joining amino acids into long chains called polypeptides
Define Stop codon
codon that signals the end of amino acid chain
Define Start Codon
codon that signals the start of translation
Where does translation take place?
cytoplasm
Define Translation
decoding of an mRNA message into a polypeptide chain
Define Genetic Code
instructions contained in a gene that tells it how to make a specific protein
Amino acids are coded by...
mRNA base sequences
What types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis?
messenger RNA ribosomal RNA transfer RNA
Where does transcription take place?
nucleus
What type of RNA is responsible for reading the genetic code?
rRNA
What is RNA?
single-stranded nucleic acid that contains the sugar ribose
Define Ribosome
site of protein synthesis
What causes translation to stop?
stop codon
What causes translation to stop?
stop codon on mRNA
What happens when translation stops?
the translation process is completed, and the polypeptide and amino acid are released