Genetics Unit 3
Tobacco Mosaic Virus
Single-stranded RNA
Starting with 15N15N (heavy) DNA, and after TWO generations in the 14N medium, Escherichia coli cells will contain
50% 15N15N DNA and 50% 14N14N DNA
Griffith Experiment
bacteria are capable of transferring genetic information through a process known as transformation
In DNA, the designations 3' and 5' refer to the
carbon atoms of deoxyribose to which phosphate groups may bond.
Johannes Miescher
first to isolate DNA
The Meselson-Stahl experiment demonstrated that DNA replication produces two DNA molecules, each composed of
one old strand and one new strand
Watson and Crick
showed DNA is a double helix with a sugar-phosphate backbone and anti-parallel
E. coli
single-stranded DNA
When a double-stranded DNA molecule is heated, it denatures into two single-stranded molecules. The reason for this that
the heat breaks the hydrogen bonds holding the bases together in the center of the molecule but does not affect the covalent bonds of the backbone.
When T2 phage viruses that infect bacteria make more viruses in the presence of radioactive sulfur, which of the following results?
The viral proteins are tagged by radioactivity.
Chemicals from heat-killed S cells were purified. The chemicals were tested for the ability to transform live R cells. The transforming agent was found to be DNA.
Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty
Discovered that the genetic material of Pneumococcus is DNA
Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty
Suppose one was provided with an actively dividing culture of E. coli bacteria to which radioactive thymine had been added. What would happen if a cell replicated once in the presence of this radioactive base.
DNA in both daughter cells would be radioactive.
Meselson and Stahl
Determined that DNA replication is semiconservative. The original strand will act as a template to form a new strand
Plants
Double-stranded DNA
Pneumococci
Double-stranded DNA
T2 Bacterial Phage
Double-stranded DNA
Yeast
Double-stranded DNA
Double-stranded DNA with specific proteins associations/attached are found in?
Eukaryotic and Prokaryotic
Double-stranded DNA is found in which of the below?
Eukaryotic, Prokaryotic, Plants, Insects, and Amphibians
Responsible for the "Transforming Principle"
Griffith
Discovered that the genetic material of T2 Bacteriophage is DNA
Hershey and Chase
The DNA of a phage was injected into the bacterial host, but the protein coat stayed outside. The viral DNA directed the host to replicate new phage viruses.
Hershey and Chase
Which of the following is a protein in animals, plants, fungi, and Protista?
Histones
In any DNA sample, the amount of adenine equals the amount of thymine, and the amount of guanine equals the amount of cytosine.
Meselson and Stahl / Chargaff
Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins
People who made images of DNA using X-rays.
Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty
Proved Griffith wrong, transformation requires DNA and genetic material of a cell is either protein or nucleic acid (DNA or RNA)