Geography Chapter 4 (Test 2)

What is thought to represent the defining feat of Europe's industrial revolution?

mechanization

What is the name for the nineteenth-century idea that loyalty to the nation should supersede all other loyalties?

nationalism

Literacy rates in medieval Europe received a boost from the invention of:

printing press

What term describes the class of people in a feudal system who do not own land but support the noble (land-owning) class through revenues generated by crop production?

serfs

The term ______________________ is used to describe the volume of water used to produce all that a person consumes in one year

virtual water

A(n) ____ accepts responsibility for the well-being of its people, guaranteeing basic necessities such as education, employment, and health care.

welfare states

The first two civilizations in Europe were found in ___________________.

(Ancient Greece and Rome) Southern Europe

Which major bodies of water on the European continent are NOT nearly landlocked?

Atlantic Ocean, Artic Ocean, North Sea

- In _____________, businesses are owned privately; in ____________, all farms, industry, and land are owned by the government.

Capitalism, Communism

According to the textbook, Europe's dominant position among world regions was reduced due to which of the following?

End of WWI and decolonization

Europe lies on the westernmost extension of which tectonic plate?

Eurasian

The peninsula shared by Portugal and Spain is

Iberian

The term used after World War II to describe the long, fortified border zone between Western Europe and Eastern Europe is:

Iron Curtain

In a Mediterranean climate the winters are _______ and _______.

Mild; rainy

Describe a feudal social system.

Nobility (wealthy class of warrior-aristocrats), Serfs (much like slaves and lived in poverty)

In addition to industrial sites, cities, and transport spaces, what is the dominant land cover throughout Europe?

North European Plain

The huge plain that begins along the Atlantic coast of France and stretches through southern England, some of Scandinavia, and east to the Ural Mountains is the

North European Plain

The most extensive land formation in Europe is the ___________________.

North European Plain

The economic core of Europe is located where the Rhine River meets the:

North Sea

What sea in Europe contains substantial deposits of oil and gas?

North Sea

The form of alternative energy that has recently begun soaring in Europe is:

Renewable energy

The climate zone that dominates in northwestern Europe is the:

Temperate Midlatitude Climate

The present-day site of the Ottoman Empire is

Turkey

The coastal zones of the North European Plain are best described as: a) arid. b) populous. c) tropical. d) poverty-stricken

b

Air pollution is heavy over the North European Plain due to all of the following factors EXCEPT: a) large population. b) dense transport routes. c) heavy industry. d) radioactive particles created by nuclear energy.

d

When had most of the former European colonies achieved independence?

decades following wwII

Feudalism developed in medieval Europe in order to:

defend rural areas against local bandits and raiders from Scandinavia and Eurasian interior

The largest expense category in the EU budget is:

payments to farmers

The entire European region is one giant _____________ extending off the Eurasian continent

penisula

One resident of Europe averages about ____________ the energy consumption of the average North American resident

1/2

Only about ___ percent of Europeans are engaged in full-time farming

2.3

In West and North Europe, ___ percent of the population lives in cities.

75

France receives about ___ percent of its electricity by nuclear power

78

Seawater remains in the Mediterranean Sea for approximately __________ before it flows back into the Atlantic Ocean

80

Following Romania's entry into the European Union, the number of pig farmers had fallen by approximately what percent?

90

In accordance with its role in NATO, France established a base in ___________ in May 2009.

Abu Dhabi

Compared to the North Sea and Atlantic Ocean, with what problem must the Mediterranean, Baltic, and Black seas contend?

Accumulating chemical pollution

The highest and most central part of the major European mountain range is known as the

Alps

The best word to describe European attitudes to migration into Europe is:

Ambivalent

What was the dominant type of housing constructed to accommodate the post- World War II growth of Europe's cities?

Apartments

Europe's moderate climate is largely due to the

Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea

What counties were the original members of the European Economic Community?

Belgium, Luxembourg, Netherlands, France, Italy, West Germany

By the nineteenth century, who had become the world's greatest economic power

Britain

During late Roman times, what religion dominated politics and daily life in general across Europe?

Catholic

In the textbook, the term used to describe the European countries that were not part of the experiment with communism in the Soviet sphere and Yugoslavia is

Central Europe

What are the environmental goals of the European Union?

Clean air and water, sustainable development in agriculture, industry, energy use, maintenance of biodiversity

The ______________________________ is an EU program that places tariffs on imported agricultural goods and give subsidies to farmers.

Common Agricultural Program (CAP)

The precursor to the European Union was the _______________.

Common Market

What measure, which has acted to raise food prices, have European governments used to encourage high and diversified domestic agricultural production?

Corporate Agriculture

The _____________ River connects the center of Europe with the Black Sea.

Danube River

Name at least ONE country that has elected not to replace its own national currency with that of the EU.

Denmark

To deal with the challenges posed by the North Atlantic Drift, Europeans have developed a sophisticated system of:

Drainage systems for houses and communities

The official currency of the European Union is the:

Euro

The world's most popular tourist destination is:

Europe

What is the name of the supranational institution that includes most countries of Europe and will create a common market among them?

European Union (EU)

The instigator of both world wars is generally considered to have been (Looking for a country)

Germany

In which of the EU countries did the debt crisis first arise?

Greece

What is the name for the type of political parties that have emerged across Europe in response to environmental issues?

Green political parties

What climate type dominates eastern Europe and consists of hot summers and long, cold winters?

Humid Continental Climate

What groups of people were targeted for execution in the Holocaust?

Jews, Poles, Slavs, Gypsies, disabled, gays, political dissidents

Romance languages are derived from

Latin

In 1800, the two largest cities in Europe were:

London and Paris

Following the world wars, Europe was reconstructed partially with the assistance of the United States under the

Marshall Plan

_________________ is the strategy for increasing a country's power and wealth by acquiring colonies and managing all aspects of their production and trade for the colonizer's benefit.

Mercantilism

What is the name of the military organization formed to counterbalance the Soviet Union and its eastern European allies?

NATO

What are the requirements of countries looking to join the European Union?

Political Stability, Democratically Elected Government, Adjust their Constitution to EU Standards, Functioning Economy, Strict regulations on Farms and Industries

The greatest challenge to Roman Catholicism in medieval Europe was:

Protestant Reformation

What movement arose to challenge the elitist practices of the Catholic Church?

Protestant Reformation

What river valley serves as the major transport corridor from the Alps to Rotterdam, Europe's largest port?

Rhine

The laws determining how individuals own, buy, and sell land originated in

Rome

Europe's largest port is:

Rotterdam

What countries are the major supplier of crude oil and natural gas to Europe?

Russia, Turkey

The U.S.-based meat company that began operating in the European Union around 1647, when Romania entered the EU, was:

Smithfield

The collective term used to refer to the group of countries that includes Bulgaria, Croatia, Serbia, Slovenia, and others is

Southeastern Europe

Seawater flows into the Mediterranean Sea through the:

Strait of Gibraltar

What nation within Europe are not currently a part of the EU?

Switzerland, Norway

What are the three major climate zones of Europe?

Temperate Midlatitude Climate, Mediterranean Climate, Humid Continental Climate

Karl Marx's treatise titled ________________________ helped European social reformers articulate ideas on how wealth could be more equitably distributed.

The Communist Manifesto

What are the titles of the governing institutions within the EU?

The European Commission, European Parliament, The council of the European Union

The European river that carries the most traffic is the

The Rhine

Why are the Mediterranean and Black Seas prone to heavier loads of pollution than the Atlantic Ocean and North Sea?

They are landlocked and do not have the ability to flush themselves out quickly.

The EU established the CAP in order to:

To guarantee secure and safe food supplies at affordable prices, provide a secure living for farmers, and preserved the quaint rural landscapes in Europe

How is the European Mediterranean climate best described?

Warm, dry summers, mild, rainy winters

What are the core ideas of the EU?

Work to a level of economic and social intergration that would make possible the free flow of goods and people across national borders. (To make borders truly open)

Which of the following is a strategy that the EU employs in an effort to reduce costs of production in the wealthiest EU member countries? a) relocate factories from wealthy EU countries to lower-wage countries in the EU b) raise tariffs within the EU c) move companies to Mexico, Southeast Asia, or China d) reduce wages and eliminate jobs in the wealthy countries of North Europe

a

Which of the following does NOT explain why the average European uses less energy than the average North American? a) European communities are denser, so more people walk or bicycle (rather than drive cars). b) Europeans tend to live in smaller dwellings. c) European waste systems are based more on septic systems than sewer systems. d) Europeans drive smaller, more fuel-efficient cars

c

In a system of _______________, a central bureaucracy dictates prices and outputs with the aim of allocating goods and services across society according to need.

central planning

European town charters can be considered the precursors of

civil rights

The period of conflict and tension between the United States and the Soviet Union is known as the

cold war

The process by which cultures become more similar is called:

cultural homogenization

According to the textbook, western Europe includes all of the following subregions EXCEPT: a) North Europe, except Latvia, Lithuania, and Estonia. b) South Europe. c) West Europe, except the former East Germany. d) Central Europe.

d

All of the following have been concerns regarding Turkey's possible membership in the European Union EXCEPT: a) issues regarding separation of religion and government. b) human rights violations. c) strained relations with Cyprus. d) its physical location (partially in Europe, partially in Asia).

d

Which of the following did NOT occur during the Age of Exploration in Europe, according to the text? a) Many European states established colonies in Asia, Africa, and the Americas. b) The Protestant Reformation challenged the practices of the Catholic Church. c) European politics, culture, and intellectual thought experienced a rebirth. d) Feudalism emerged as the dominant social system.

d

Which of the following does NOT describe the Guerilla Gardener movement? a) a group of green activists numbering over 500 b) rogue gardeners that plant flowers in the traffic islands of Central London c) gardeners that beautify neglected urban land d) the mandatory inclusion of gardens and public spaces

d

Which of the following is NOT true of life in European cities? a) People tend to live in apartments. b) Large sweeping lawns are fairly uncommon. c) Publicly funded transportation is widely available. d) Cultural institutions have moved from the city center to the countryside

d

Which of the following is a likely result of a stable population with a low birth rate? a) The economy expands over time. b) Demand for high-skilled workers may go unmet. c) Immigration to that nation decreases. d) More people are available to care for the elderly

d

The practice of overproducing farm products to receive subsidies and then selling them cheaply on world markets is called

dumping

The event that led to the first major inclusion of common people in Europe's political process was the

french revolution

Migrants who are expected to live in a country for a finite period of time, fulfilling seasonal needs for additional workers are known as

guest workers

The philosophy known as what emphasized the dignity and worth of the individual regardless of wealth or social status.

humanism