Geography Chapter 4 (Test 2)
What is thought to represent the defining feat of Europe's industrial revolution?
mechanization
What is the name for the nineteenth-century idea that loyalty to the nation should supersede all other loyalties?
nationalism
Literacy rates in medieval Europe received a boost from the invention of:
printing press
What term describes the class of people in a feudal system who do not own land but support the noble (land-owning) class through revenues generated by crop production?
serfs
The term ______________________ is used to describe the volume of water used to produce all that a person consumes in one year
virtual water
A(n) ____ accepts responsibility for the well-being of its people, guaranteeing basic necessities such as education, employment, and health care.
welfare states
The first two civilizations in Europe were found in ___________________.
(Ancient Greece and Rome) Southern Europe
Which major bodies of water on the European continent are NOT nearly landlocked?
Atlantic Ocean, Artic Ocean, North Sea
- In _____________, businesses are owned privately; in ____________, all farms, industry, and land are owned by the government.
Capitalism, Communism
According to the textbook, Europe's dominant position among world regions was reduced due to which of the following?
End of WWI and decolonization
Europe lies on the westernmost extension of which tectonic plate?
Eurasian
The peninsula shared by Portugal and Spain is
Iberian
The term used after World War II to describe the long, fortified border zone between Western Europe and Eastern Europe is:
Iron Curtain
In a Mediterranean climate the winters are _______ and _______.
Mild; rainy
Describe a feudal social system.
Nobility (wealthy class of warrior-aristocrats), Serfs (much like slaves and lived in poverty)
In addition to industrial sites, cities, and transport spaces, what is the dominant land cover throughout Europe?
North European Plain
The huge plain that begins along the Atlantic coast of France and stretches through southern England, some of Scandinavia, and east to the Ural Mountains is the
North European Plain
The most extensive land formation in Europe is the ___________________.
North European Plain
The economic core of Europe is located where the Rhine River meets the:
North Sea
What sea in Europe contains substantial deposits of oil and gas?
North Sea
The form of alternative energy that has recently begun soaring in Europe is:
Renewable energy
The climate zone that dominates in northwestern Europe is the:
Temperate Midlatitude Climate
The present-day site of the Ottoman Empire is
Turkey
The coastal zones of the North European Plain are best described as: a) arid. b) populous. c) tropical. d) poverty-stricken
b
Air pollution is heavy over the North European Plain due to all of the following factors EXCEPT: a) large population. b) dense transport routes. c) heavy industry. d) radioactive particles created by nuclear energy.
d
When had most of the former European colonies achieved independence?
decades following wwII
Feudalism developed in medieval Europe in order to:
defend rural areas against local bandits and raiders from Scandinavia and Eurasian interior
The largest expense category in the EU budget is:
payments to farmers
The entire European region is one giant _____________ extending off the Eurasian continent
penisula
One resident of Europe averages about ____________ the energy consumption of the average North American resident
1/2
Only about ___ percent of Europeans are engaged in full-time farming
2.3
In West and North Europe, ___ percent of the population lives in cities.
75
France receives about ___ percent of its electricity by nuclear power
78
Seawater remains in the Mediterranean Sea for approximately __________ before it flows back into the Atlantic Ocean
80
Following Romania's entry into the European Union, the number of pig farmers had fallen by approximately what percent?
90
In accordance with its role in NATO, France established a base in ___________ in May 2009.
Abu Dhabi
Compared to the North Sea and Atlantic Ocean, with what problem must the Mediterranean, Baltic, and Black seas contend?
Accumulating chemical pollution
The highest and most central part of the major European mountain range is known as the
Alps
The best word to describe European attitudes to migration into Europe is:
Ambivalent
What was the dominant type of housing constructed to accommodate the post- World War II growth of Europe's cities?
Apartments
Europe's moderate climate is largely due to the
Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea
What counties were the original members of the European Economic Community?
Belgium, Luxembourg, Netherlands, France, Italy, West Germany
By the nineteenth century, who had become the world's greatest economic power
Britain
During late Roman times, what religion dominated politics and daily life in general across Europe?
Catholic
In the textbook, the term used to describe the European countries that were not part of the experiment with communism in the Soviet sphere and Yugoslavia is
Central Europe
What are the environmental goals of the European Union?
Clean air and water, sustainable development in agriculture, industry, energy use, maintenance of biodiversity
The ______________________________ is an EU program that places tariffs on imported agricultural goods and give subsidies to farmers.
Common Agricultural Program (CAP)
The precursor to the European Union was the _______________.
Common Market
What measure, which has acted to raise food prices, have European governments used to encourage high and diversified domestic agricultural production?
Corporate Agriculture
The _____________ River connects the center of Europe with the Black Sea.
Danube River
Name at least ONE country that has elected not to replace its own national currency with that of the EU.
Denmark
To deal with the challenges posed by the North Atlantic Drift, Europeans have developed a sophisticated system of:
Drainage systems for houses and communities
The official currency of the European Union is the:
Euro
The world's most popular tourist destination is:
Europe
What is the name of the supranational institution that includes most countries of Europe and will create a common market among them?
European Union (EU)
The instigator of both world wars is generally considered to have been (Looking for a country)
Germany
In which of the EU countries did the debt crisis first arise?
Greece
What is the name for the type of political parties that have emerged across Europe in response to environmental issues?
Green political parties
What climate type dominates eastern Europe and consists of hot summers and long, cold winters?
Humid Continental Climate
What groups of people were targeted for execution in the Holocaust?
Jews, Poles, Slavs, Gypsies, disabled, gays, political dissidents
Romance languages are derived from
Latin
In 1800, the two largest cities in Europe were:
London and Paris
Following the world wars, Europe was reconstructed partially with the assistance of the United States under the
Marshall Plan
_________________ is the strategy for increasing a country's power and wealth by acquiring colonies and managing all aspects of their production and trade for the colonizer's benefit.
Mercantilism
What is the name of the military organization formed to counterbalance the Soviet Union and its eastern European allies?
NATO
What are the requirements of countries looking to join the European Union?
Political Stability, Democratically Elected Government, Adjust their Constitution to EU Standards, Functioning Economy, Strict regulations on Farms and Industries
The greatest challenge to Roman Catholicism in medieval Europe was:
Protestant Reformation
What movement arose to challenge the elitist practices of the Catholic Church?
Protestant Reformation
What river valley serves as the major transport corridor from the Alps to Rotterdam, Europe's largest port?
Rhine
The laws determining how individuals own, buy, and sell land originated in
Rome
Europe's largest port is:
Rotterdam
What countries are the major supplier of crude oil and natural gas to Europe?
Russia, Turkey
The U.S.-based meat company that began operating in the European Union around 1647, when Romania entered the EU, was:
Smithfield
The collective term used to refer to the group of countries that includes Bulgaria, Croatia, Serbia, Slovenia, and others is
Southeastern Europe
Seawater flows into the Mediterranean Sea through the:
Strait of Gibraltar
What nation within Europe are not currently a part of the EU?
Switzerland, Norway
What are the three major climate zones of Europe?
Temperate Midlatitude Climate, Mediterranean Climate, Humid Continental Climate
Karl Marx's treatise titled ________________________ helped European social reformers articulate ideas on how wealth could be more equitably distributed.
The Communist Manifesto
What are the titles of the governing institutions within the EU?
The European Commission, European Parliament, The council of the European Union
The European river that carries the most traffic is the
The Rhine
Why are the Mediterranean and Black Seas prone to heavier loads of pollution than the Atlantic Ocean and North Sea?
They are landlocked and do not have the ability to flush themselves out quickly.
The EU established the CAP in order to:
To guarantee secure and safe food supplies at affordable prices, provide a secure living for farmers, and preserved the quaint rural landscapes in Europe
How is the European Mediterranean climate best described?
Warm, dry summers, mild, rainy winters
What are the core ideas of the EU?
Work to a level of economic and social intergration that would make possible the free flow of goods and people across national borders. (To make borders truly open)
Which of the following is a strategy that the EU employs in an effort to reduce costs of production in the wealthiest EU member countries? a) relocate factories from wealthy EU countries to lower-wage countries in the EU b) raise tariffs within the EU c) move companies to Mexico, Southeast Asia, or China d) reduce wages and eliminate jobs in the wealthy countries of North Europe
a
Which of the following does NOT explain why the average European uses less energy than the average North American? a) European communities are denser, so more people walk or bicycle (rather than drive cars). b) Europeans tend to live in smaller dwellings. c) European waste systems are based more on septic systems than sewer systems. d) Europeans drive smaller, more fuel-efficient cars
c
In a system of _______________, a central bureaucracy dictates prices and outputs with the aim of allocating goods and services across society according to need.
central planning
European town charters can be considered the precursors of
civil rights
The period of conflict and tension between the United States and the Soviet Union is known as the
cold war
The process by which cultures become more similar is called:
cultural homogenization
According to the textbook, western Europe includes all of the following subregions EXCEPT: a) North Europe, except Latvia, Lithuania, and Estonia. b) South Europe. c) West Europe, except the former East Germany. d) Central Europe.
d
All of the following have been concerns regarding Turkey's possible membership in the European Union EXCEPT: a) issues regarding separation of religion and government. b) human rights violations. c) strained relations with Cyprus. d) its physical location (partially in Europe, partially in Asia).
d
Which of the following did NOT occur during the Age of Exploration in Europe, according to the text? a) Many European states established colonies in Asia, Africa, and the Americas. b) The Protestant Reformation challenged the practices of the Catholic Church. c) European politics, culture, and intellectual thought experienced a rebirth. d) Feudalism emerged as the dominant social system.
d
Which of the following does NOT describe the Guerilla Gardener movement? a) a group of green activists numbering over 500 b) rogue gardeners that plant flowers in the traffic islands of Central London c) gardeners that beautify neglected urban land d) the mandatory inclusion of gardens and public spaces
d
Which of the following is NOT true of life in European cities? a) People tend to live in apartments. b) Large sweeping lawns are fairly uncommon. c) Publicly funded transportation is widely available. d) Cultural institutions have moved from the city center to the countryside
d
Which of the following is a likely result of a stable population with a low birth rate? a) The economy expands over time. b) Demand for high-skilled workers may go unmet. c) Immigration to that nation decreases. d) More people are available to care for the elderly
d
The practice of overproducing farm products to receive subsidies and then selling them cheaply on world markets is called
dumping
The event that led to the first major inclusion of common people in Europe's political process was the
french revolution
Migrants who are expected to live in a country for a finite period of time, fulfilling seasonal needs for additional workers are known as
guest workers
The philosophy known as what emphasized the dignity and worth of the individual regardless of wealth or social status.
humanism