Chapter 12 Reformation

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List in chronological order by date the main legal decisions and treaties that contributed to the spread of Protestantism?

1534: Act of Supremacy 1555: Peace of Ausburg 1598: Edict of Nantes 1648: Peace of Westphalia

When were the Council of Trent held?

1545-1563

Who was at the Council of Trent?

3 popes, Catholic officials and lutherqnw

What was the list called?What was the list about?

95 Thesis and it was 95 protest against the Catholic Church

95 Theses

95 notes that said mean things about the catholic church-people read that and believed that it was true and were going to do something about it.

what kind of Government did protestants approve

A civic participation

Counter-Reformation

A movement to strengthen the teachings and structure of the Catholic Church

Council of Trent

A series of meetings by Pope Paul II to revive moral authority in the Catholic Church and to stop Protestantism

Why did the kidnapper take him?

Because he wanted to protect him.

How did the use of printing press affect the reformation?

Because of the printing press more copies were made and could be made faster and cheaper.

Why did john Calvin believe that people should lead god fearing lives?

Calvin supported the idea of prestsentian the idea that God alone who could determine who gain salvation

During the Counter-Reformation, how did the Catholic Church gain more respect?

Catholic reformers helped the poor, taught, doctrine, and led spiritual lives

6 What caused the St Bartholomew's Day Massacre?

Catholics fears of a Huguenot king helped cause the massacre

What caused the St Bartholomew's Day Massacre?

Catholics fears of a Huguenot king helped cause the massacre

How long was the main character missing?

For 3 months.

Hugenots

French protestants

Who him kidnapped? Was he a friend or foe?

Friend, Frederick the Wise

Into what languages was the Bible translated during the early 1500's?

German

Where did the story Kidnapped take place?

Germany

According to predestination doctrine, who decides whether a person will be saved?

God alone

7 List the 3 areas of European society strongly affected by the Reformation.

Government, economics, education

List the 3 areas of European society strongly affected by the Reformation.

Government, economics, education

Who did the main character act as while he was missing?

He acted as Junker Jorg or Knight George

8 How did Henry of Navarre end civil war in France?

He became Catholic to overcome resistance to his rule

How did Henry of Navarre end civil war in France?

He became Catholic to overcome resistance to his rule

What did he do to get questioned?

He criticized the church by putting a list on the door.

Why did the sale of indulgences angered Luther?

He didn't believe that salvation should be given freely by God. He reasoned that if people could by indulgences, they might think that they could buy God's forgiveness.

What did he think he had just barely escaped?

He escaped being burned at the stake.

What happened to him on his way home from the meeting with officials?

He got kidnapped because his friend went with him to the carriage and he sent knights to get him.

What initially happened to him when questioned?

He was almost killed but then he got away.

What evidence convinced Luther that the catholic church needed to be reformed?

He was shocked by the corruption of the roman clergy and the selling of indulgences.

What did he do that the officials wanted to talk to him about?

He went to Worms to talk about the diet.

How did Luther express his conflict with the church ? who did luther respond to these action?

He wrote the 95 thesis and so the church came after him but his friend took him to his castle in the night.

What did the main character do while he was kidnapped to pass the time?

He wrote.

What do you think Luther meant by saying, "My pen gets irritated easily"?

I get angry easily over simple things

Why did Ignatius decide to lead a religious life?

Ignatius became inspired by reading about Jesus and the saints

How did Ignatius of Loyola use his military experience with the Jesuits?

Ignatius of Loyola organized the Society of Jesus like a disciplined military troop

Did the Council's actions tend to decrease or increase conflict and why?

It increased conflict because the Inquisition tortured suspects and executed convicted heretics

What was one of the most influential of the new Catholic religious orders founded during the Counter Reformation?

Jesuits

How did the Jesuits help end some of the corruption of the Catholic Church?

Jesuits trained priests better

What non Christian groups suffered harsh discrimination during the Counter Revolution?

Jews

Who else suffered during this time and were restricted to live and work in ghettos?

Jews

Who spread Luther's Protestant ideas?

John Calvin

Who was the story about? What was his job?

Martin Luther and he was a monk.

4 How did the Thirty Years' War strengthen the monarchy?

Monarchs gained the power to choose religion for their states

How did the Thirty Years' War strengthen the monarchy?

Monarchs gained the power to choose religion for their states

Where did Lutheranism spread?

Northern Germany Sweden Denmark Norway and Poland

3 Why did Philip II send and army to attack England?

Philip wanted to punish Elizabeth I for aiding Dutch rebels and force England back to Catholicism

Why did Philip II send and army to attack England?

Philip wanted to punish Elizabeth I for aiding Dutch rebels and force England back to Catholicism

How was the Thirty Years' War resolved?

Protestant and Catholic forces signed the Peace of Westphalia

Who was not tolerant of each other?

Protestant and Catholics

Ghetto

Separate section of a city where members of a minority group are forced to live

Why did the Catholic church start its own reform?

Strengthen the teaching and structure of the Catholic Church

Where did Calvinism spread?

Switzerland Scotland and the Netherlands

How did the Council of Trent attempt to stop the loss of church members to Protestantism?

The Council of Trent confirmed the doctrines of the Catholic Church and reformed Catholic practices

How did the religious views of the Council of Trent differ from those of Martin Luther?

The Council of Trent stated that the Bible was not the only source of truth and that faith alone will not bring salvation

What did the main characters works help advance?

The German language because he translated the bible into German.

How did the Inquisition attempt to stop the spread of Protestantism?

The Inquisition tried suspected heretics and executed those found guilty

How did Calvin's ideas spread to Protestants in many places?

The Institute of Christian Religion became the foundation of Protestant faith

What was the institute of the Christian religion?

The basic ideas of protestant faith.

How did the establishment of a theocracy relate to Calvin's goal of founding "a city of God"?

The city of God is ruled by a theocracy and theocracy means a religious ruler

Who questioned the character in this story? How long did they question him?

The emperor and the church questioned him.

2 How did Henry VIII come into conflict with the pope?

The pope refused to annul Henry VIII's marriage

How did Henry VIII come into conflict with the pope?

The pope refused to annul Henry VIII's marriage

In what ways were the idea of Luther and calvin similar?

They both believed in the idea protestant. He also was thought that the Church should be reformed and taught others of his own thoughts and ideas.

What is the motto of the Society of Jesus?

To the Greater Glory of God

Where were the Council of Trent held?

Trent, Italy

Where did the kidnappers take him?

Wartburg Castle

Who translated the Bible into English? 2 people

William Tyndale John Wycliffe

Martin Luther

a German monk - an important reformation leader- created the 95 Theses translated the Bible into German

The Diet at Worms

a city that had a huge event take place -where Martin was questioned and he answered them so well he was let go

federalism

a form of government in which power is shared between local and national government

Indulgence

a kind of cancellation of punishment for sins that had been confessed and forgiven by God

indulgence

a kind of cancellation of punishment for sins that had been confessed and forgiven by God

John Calvin

a man who believed similar to Martin Luther -supported Martin Luther's idea.

William Tyndale

a man who wrote the Bible in english - we could now read the Bible and have cultural diffusion

Indulgences

a method that if you gave money to the pope he would let all your sins be forgiven- if you were rich then you could do whatever and still go to heaven by bribery.

ghetto

a place where Jews in Venice were restricted to live and work

Reformation

a religious movement that gained momentum in the 1500's with the aim to reform the Catholic Church

Frederick the Wise

an important religious governor-protected Luther from the church

edict

an official public order made by the king or another authority

Why would it be a problem for bishops to live far away from the churches they were in control of?

because they would often neglected there duty.

heresy

beliefs that clashed with the church's teachings

The Council's Index of Forbidden Books

censored what could be published and read

According to the Council of Trent, what 3 things did Christians need for salvation?

faith good work and receiving sacraments

armada

fleet of ships

what do some scholar believe that protestant ideas started

free market and capitalism

What motivated Luther to become a monk?

has a young man he survived a thunderstorm and vowed if he lived he would become a monk and he did survive

What was Henry VIII's initial reaction to the Reformation?

he passed a law that made a monarch the leader of the church

What reason did Luther give for refusing to recant his statements?

he would just make this Tyranny stronger.

3 contributions of Jesuits

helped end some corruptions of Catholics, improved education, advised kings and popes

How did Luther's clothes compare to the clothes the Church authorities wore?

hes cloths are like a simple robe and there cloths are like a king

What did people in the inquisitions wear?

hoods

What details showed that Catholic leaders had become worldly?

increasingly involved in politics, they seemed more concern with secular matters than with saving souls

Matteo Ricci

introduced Christianity to China in 1580s

what was the thirty year war

it was a war where king Philip fought against Spain and England to spread Catholicism

Act of Supremacy

making a monarch the leader of a church in England

annulment

official action cancelling a marriage

Recant

redraw his words

recant

redraw his words

What caused people to fear witches?

religious anziety

Why did Teresa of Avila start her own convent?

she thought convent life wasn't strict enough

Why do you think the pope insisted on having the Council of Trent in a Catholic country?

so most of the churches idea's would be excepted

Sect

subgroup of a major religious group

sect

subgroup of a major religious group

What did Johannes Althusius think about the government

that a city should be free to rule itself

Jesuits

the Society of Jesus

isolation

the condition of being alone

Predestination

the idea that God had long ago determined who would gain salvation

predestination

the idea that God had long ago determined who would gain salvation

Counter Reformation

the movement to strengthen the teachings and structure of the Catholic church

What Renaissance invention helped spread the 95 Theses

the printing press

The Reformation

the time when people believed that the church needed to change -without the reformation we wouldn't have other types of Christianity

How do you think poor people responded to Luther's ideas?

they liked they idea of the church changing because they could go to heaven with out pay

What actions did the Council of Trent take to reform Catholic practices?

they used the inquisitions

What was the inquisition's purpose?

to combat heresy

Why was the Catholic Church trying to raise a lot of money?

to construct St. Peter Basilica as well as a rich life style for the pope.

Why was the Council of Trent held?

to define and clarify certain beliefs and rituals of he Catholic Church

Why did Pope Paul III call the Council of Trent?

to think of ways revive moral authority

What were changes happening in Germany at the time of Martin Luther's birth?

uneven prosperity and change in Germany

Wartburg Castle

was owned by Frederick the Wise- hid Martin Luther who changed the world himself

What past experience helped Ignatius of Loyola organize the Jesuits?

while injured we read about the life of Jesus and and the saints.

even though the council of Trent rejected Luther's view was still consider a source of truth

yes


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