geography (chemical weathering)

explain the term karst landscape

-is is a limestone landscape. -the soil cover has been removed and the limestone is exposed to weather

how are karst landscape landscape formed?

-it is formed by the effects of carbonation

how are stalagmites formed?

-when drops of water fall on the ground,of a cavern,and evaporates,it leaves behind bits of calcite -these deposits build up to form a cone shape,called a stalagmite

describe carbonation

-when rain passes through the atmosphere,it picks up some carbon dioxide -the carbon dioxide mixes with the rainwater,making a weak carbonic acid -when the weak acid rain hits limestone,it slowly dissolves the limestone

how is a swallow hole formed?

-when rivers flow onto bare limestone,the water begins to dissolve the limestone by carbonation -soon the water goes underground and disappears from the surface -the passage where the river goes underground is called a swallow hole

how are stalactites formed?

-when the water containing dissolved limestone seeps through the limestone,it hangs from the ceiling of the cavern for a while -some of the water evaporates,leaving behind bits of calcite attached to the roof -these deposits build up to form an icicle like shape hanging from the ceiling of the cavern

how are caves formed?

as the river goes underground,the water dissolves everything in its path,cutting out long tunnels called caves

give one example of chemical weathering

carbonation

explain the term permeable

if something is permeable,water can easily penetrate it

explain the term limestone pavement

it is a large area of exposed limestone

explain the term cavern

it is an enlarged cave

explain the term swallow hole

it is the passage where a river disappears underground of a limestone pavement

what is chemical weathering?

it occurs when rocks decay or dissolve because of a chemical change

explain the term karst

karst is another name for limestone

how are pillars formed?

over time,the stalagmites and stalactites grow and join up to form a pillar

how are caverns formed?

sometimes,the cave is enlarged to form a large chamber,called a cavers

explain the term bedding plane

the line in rocks that separates 2 layers

explain the term clints

the parts of limestone,left alone after the process of carbonation are called clints

explain the term joints

the vertical cracks in limestone

explain the term cave

they are long underground tunnels

explain the term grikes

they are the cracks in limestone widened and deepened after the process of carbonation