Geography Final 2

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The Marianas Trench, located in the Pacific near ________, is the deepest trench in the oceans.

Guam

El Nino and La Nina occur in the equatorial Pacific.

TRUE

Flowing artesian wells have a potentiometric surface above ground level.

TRUE

Glacial erratics can be the size of a small car.

TRUE

Isostatic rebound in continental crust occurs after glacial melting.

TRUE

Larger waves move faster than smaller waves.

TRUE

Many regions of the world have fertile soils due to the accumulation of loess.

TRUE

Meandering streams are more mature than ungraded streams.

TRUE

Polluted air may be more acidic, leading to more rapid chemical weathering.

TRUE

Reefs tend form below 25 degrees Celsius.

TRUE

Soil moisture is an important reservoir for groundwater systems.

TRUE

Streams will continue to down cut until they reach base level.

TRUE

The intertidal zone contains land that is sometimes not submerged underwater.

TRUE

There are locations on Earth where water exists in all three phases at once.

TRUE

Wetlands naturally purify water.

TRUE

Which of the following would be the most likely material creating an aquitard?

clay

River-flood deposits make good soils because they tend to be rich in

clay minerals

California has numerous beaches riddled with sea stacks, which are remnants of

collapsed sea arches

When two streams come together, it is called a

confluence

Submarine canyons are located on

continental shelves

__________ is the reason a pilot would need to veer right when trying to fly to a city directly north of departing location.

corolis effect

________ is the most common stream pattern.

dendritic

In open ocean, ________ occur(s) when wave crests converge with troughs and cancel each other out.

destructive interference

Karst landscapes are created by...

dissolution

The boundary between slopes that contribute water to different drainage basins is a...

drainage divide

The accumulation of excess nutrients that stimulate freshwater plant growth may lead to which of the following processes?

eutrophication

Topple is an example of a

fall

When looking at areas of past glacial evidence, waterfalls are associated with

hanging valleys

The profundal or aphotic zone of a large body of water

has little or no sunlight

Which of the following is not a significant factor making the deep ocean difficult to inhabit?

high salinity content

Which of the following is not a mechanical weathering process?

hydrolysis

When a stream reaches the bank-full stage,

it reaches its highest velocity

In landfills, rainwater flows through the refuse and becomes contaminated ________ which can be treated at a sewage treatment plant.

leachate

The point at which a stream comes into a large body of water is called the

mouth

__________ provide the foundation of the global food web of species on Earth.

phytoplankton

Underlying rock is eroded by glaciers by

plucking

Which of the following drainage pattern would be associated with an isolated hill?

radial

Which of the following types of mass movement is not typically associated with water?

rock slide

The term for the intermittent movement of sediments along the stream bed is

saltation

New Orleans is an example of

slow subsidence

All of the following are necessary components of soil except

talus

Approximately ____ of the water on Earth is considered freshwater or contains low concentrations of salts.

3%

Which of the following is not true of stream velocity?

A - water flows faster B - stream bed sediment size C - during a flood velocity increases NOT - increased velocity allows for larger particles to move by saltation

The process of soil creep is created by...

All of these - gravity, freezing and thawing of the soil, frequent wetting and drying of the soil

Leaching takes place in the ____ soil horizon.

E

Downwelling occurs in the equitorial regions bringing high quantities of nutrients to equitorial waters.

FALSE

Most of ocean life lives in the aphotic zone.

FALSE

Point bars develop on the outside curve of meandering streams.

FALSE

Salinity demonstrates consistent concentrations throughout all the oceans on Earth.

FALSE

The Sun's gravitation pull on the earth is twice that of the Moon's pull.

FALSE

The amplitude is the horizontal distance between the troughs of a wave.

FALSE

The solubility of ions in a stream's dissolved load is directly proportional to its velocity.

FALSE

Waves action occurs perpendicular to a shoreline.

FALSE

Which continental divide separates the central United States and Canada?

Laurentian

The ________ zone does not receive sunlight.

NOT - photic A - oceanic NOT - neritic C - intertidal

Which of the following is not directly associated with longshore drift?

NOT - swash A - backwash B - rip currents NOT - longshore currents

Which of the following would be most likely to experience severe flooding?

NOT - wetlands

Which of the following is not a type of glacier?

Ocean

_______ brings warmer temperatures and a moderate climate to Europe.

The Gulf Stream

Freshly created volcanic soils are called

andisols

A layer of rock or sediment that contains abundant water and sufficient permeability is a (an)...

aquifer

Caliche typically forms in _______ regions.

arid

Bangladesh has a water quality problem with wells containing high levels of

arsenic

Which of the following is associated with coarse sediments and strong flowing water?

barren zones

__________ can develop where there is more sediment than a stream can transport.

braided streams

___________ are consistent winds that flow east to west between the equator and 30 degrees North and 30 degrees South.

trade winds

_______ are caused by a rapid displacement of ocean water.

tsumanis

Exfoliation is the result of which of the following processes?

unloading

In order for a stream to move larger particles, the _______ would need to increase.

velocity

Stones that have become polished and faceted due to abrasion by sand particles in the desert are called

ventifacts

Which of the following is associated with increased hurricanes in the Gulf of Mexico and the Carribbean?

warmer waters provide heat to tropical storms

The uppermost layer of the groundwater saturation zone is the...

water table

The primary cause of headland erosion and coastal straightening is

wave refraction

Ocean surface currents are driven by

wind


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