Geology- Topographic Maps Lab Quiz

12 inches

1 ft=____inches

2.54cm

1 inch=_____cm

1000m

1 km= _____m

100 cm

1 meter=_____cm

1.609km

1 mile=_____km

1 mile

5280 feet=____mile

planimetric map

A flat representation of Earth's surface that shows horizontal (two dimensional) positions of features like streams, landmarks, roads, and political boundaries

map

A flat representation of part of Earth's surface as viewed from above and reduced in size to fit a sheet of paper or a computer screen

Quadrangle map

Rectangular sections of earth's surface, bounded by lines of latitude at the top (north) and bottom (south) and by lines of longitude on the left (west) and right (east)

topographic map

Shows the same horizontal information as a planimetric map but also includes contour lines to represent elevations of hills and valleys

Longitude

The earth's surface is divided into lines of _______ that go around the world from pole to pole.

Latitude

The earth's surface is divided into lines of _________ that go around the world parallel to the Equator

topographic profile

a cross section that shows the elevations and slopes along a given line

Benchmark

a permanent mark (usually a metal plate) placed by the U.S. Geological survey of Bureau of Land Management at the point indicated on the map (BM)

contour interval

change in elevation between each contour line

Ratio scales

commonly expressed above the bar scales in the bottom margins of topographic maps and express the ratio of a linear dimension on the map to the actual dimension of the same feature on the ground (in real life) ; (1:24000)

Index contour lines

darker contour line with elevation data included-- acts as a marker for other contour lines; starting point when reading elevations; the lines that have elevations printed on them

spot elevations

elevations of specific points on topographic maps (tops of peaks, bridges, survey points, etc.) sometimes are indicated directly on the maps beside a small triangle, black dot, or x symbol at the exact spot of the elevation

contour lines

imaginary lines of equal elevation; connects all points on the map that have the same elevation above sea level

Verbal Scales

sentences that help readers understand map proportions in relation to common units of measurement. (1 inch equals 1 mile)

Hachure marks

short line segments pointing downhill on some of the contour lines in these maps that indicate the presence of a closed depression; at the top of a hill, contour lines repeat on opposite sides of the rim of the depression. The contour lines repeat only the downhill side of the depression

Relief

the difference in elevation between land forms, specific points, or other features on a landscape or map

Regional relief

the difference in elevation between the highest and lowest points on a topographic map. The highest point is the top of the highest hill or mountain and the lowest point is generally where the major stream of the area leaves the map.

Gradient

the measure of steepness of a slope. Formula: relief(amount of rise or fall between A and B)/ distance between A and B

Bar scales

the most obvious scales on topographic maps; rulers for measuring distances on the map

Fractional scale

the ratio scale can be interpreted as this scale; which indicates how much smaller something is than its actual size on the group. (1/24000)