Gerontology

A nurse is administering intermittent IV antibiotic therapy for a client who has Alzheimer's disease. The client repeatedly attempts to remove the IV access line during the medication administration. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Assign an assistive personnel to remain with the client during the medication administration B. Call the provider and request a prescription for an oral antibiotic C. Give the client a PRN sedative 30min before the IV medication is scheduled D. Place bilateral wrist restraints on the client during the antibiotic infusion

A. Assign an assistive personnel to remain with the client during the medication administration

A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has dementia. The client becomes agitated and confused at night and wanders into the hallway. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Place the client's mattress on the floor B. Restrain the client during the nighttime hours C. Provide continuous orientation to the client D. Turn out the lights in the client's room at night

A. Place the client's mattress on the floor

A nurse is assessing an older adult client for age-related changes. Which of the following should the nurse identify as an age-related physical change? A. Prolonged hypotension B. Loss of ventricular compliance C. Increased loose stools and diarrhea D. Decreased response to diuretics

B. Loss of ventricular compliance

A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who is postmenopausal and has osteoporosis. The client has a new prescription for alendronate sodium. Which of the following findings in the client's history should the nurse recognize is a contraindication to this medication? A. Galucoma B. Paget's disease C. Esophageal achalasia D. Long-term corticosteroid use

C. Esophageal achalasia

A community health nurse is conducting an initial home visit for an older adult client. Which of the following client statements should the nurse identify as indicative of a health alteration? A. "I have not had a bowel movement in 5 days." B. "I cannot seem to keep my eyes open after eating lunch." C. "I sometimes have trouble remembering where I put something." D. "My skin gets really dry and itchy."

A. "I have not had a bowel movement in 5 days."

A nurse is teaching a group of older adult clients about dietary needs. Which of the following dietary recommendations should the nurse include in the teaching? A. "You should consume 1,200 mg of calcium daily." B. "Consume 4% of your diet as fat." C. "You should drink 1,500 mL of fluid daily." D. "Consume 40% of your diet as protein."

A. "You should consume 1,200 mg of calcium daily."

A nurse is planning to administer diphenhydramine hydrochloride to an older adult client. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take prior to administration? A. Review the medical record for a history of glaucoma B. Plan to administer the medication 30 min prior to a meal C. Explain that the client will need to restrict his fluid intake once he takes the medication D. Remind the client that his appetite might increase when starting the medication

A. Review the medical record for a history of glaucoma

A nurse is conducting an admission assessment for an older adult client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to collect subjective data? A. Leave the client a written questionnaire to fill out in private B. Allow sufficient time for the client to respond to the questions C. Talk to family members to obtain the client's health history D. Obtain the client's health history from the medical record

B. Allow sufficient time for the client to respond to the questions

A nurse is developing a plan of care for a client after a recent stroke who has a history of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). For which of the following disorders should the nurse plan to monitor this client? A. Duodenal ulcer disease B. Aspiration pneumonia C. Viral pneumonia D. Esophageal varices

B. Aspiration pneumonia

A nurse is assessing an older adult client for signs of dehydration. Which of the following findings is an expected part of the aging process? A. Elevation of urine specific gravity B. Decreased creatinine clearance C. Dry oral mucous membranes D. Poor skin turgor over the sternum

B. Decreased creatinine clearance

A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has pneumonia. Which of the following physiological changes associated with aging places the client at risk of pneumonia? A. Decreased anterior-posterior diameter B. Increased diameter of the small airways C. Decreased number of cilia D. Increased alveolar surface area

C. Decreased number of cilia

A nurse is assessing an older adult client who has right-sided heart failure. Which of the following findings is the nurse's priority? A. The client's oxygen saturation is 92% on room air. B. The client consumes 20% of her meals. C. The client's weight has increased by 0.91 kg (2lb) in 24 hr. D. The client has 1+ edema in the lower extremities

C. The client's weight has increased by 0.91 kg (2lb) in 24 hr.

A nurse is planning care for a client who had a stroke. Which of the following goals should the nurse identify as the priority for this client? A. The client's skin will remain intact during hospitalization. B. The client will verbalize one new word each week. C. The client will begin to help turn himself in bed, indicating improved mobility. D. The client's airway will remain clear, as evidenced by clear breath sounds.

D. The client's airway will remain clear, as evidenced by clear breath sounds.

A nurse is discussing medication administration for an older adult client with a newly licensed nurse. Due to physiological changes of aging, older adult clients may need dosage adjustments because of an increase in which of the following parameters? A. Total body water B. Body fat C. Splanchnic blood flow D. Gastric emptying

B. Body fat

A nurse is caring for a client who is using a continuous passive motion (CPM) device following a right total knee replacement. Which of the following actions should the nurse take when applying the CPM device? A. Apple the CPM device in the flexed position. B. Line up the frame joints of the CPM device with the client's knee. C. Check the range-of-motion settings on the CPM device daily. D. Place the head of the client's bed at 45 degrees during CPM use.

B. Line up the frame joints of the CPM device with the client's knee

A nurse is teaching an older client about osteoporosis. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching? A. "Cottage cheese is a good source of calcium." B. "Increase your caffeine intake." C. "Brisk walking will help prevent bone loss." D. "Hormone replacement therapy with estrogen will increase your risk of osteoporosis."

C. "Brisk walking will help prevent bone loss."

A nurse is assessing an older adult client. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider? A. Decreased cough reflex B. Decreased urinary bladder capacity C. Decreased sebum production D. Decreased spinal column movement

D. Decreased spinal column movement

During a team meeting, a staff nurse recommends placing a client, who is confused and wanders during the night, in restraints. Which of the following responses about the use of restraints should the nurse manager make? A. "Restraints can be used if a client's family member requests them." B. "Restraints are a safe method for preventing clients from falling." C. "Restraints are considered a part of routine care." D. "Restraints are used to prevent harm to clients and others."

D. "Restraints are used to prevent harm to clients and others."

An older adult client tells a nurse at a health fair "I am always forgetting things. I can't even remember where I parked my car! Do you think I have Alzheimer's disease?" Which of the following is a therapeutic response by the nurse? A. "Perhaps you should discuss your concerns with your doctor." B. "I am forgetful too. I can't remember where I parked my car either!" C. "You're probably just having 'senior moments.' Everyone has memory lapses." D. "That must be very upsetting. Can you tell me about your forgetfulness?"

D. "That must be very upsetting. Can you tell me about your forgetfulness?"

A home-health nurse is caring for a client who has cancer and is using a fentanyl transdermal patch for pain control. Which of the following actions should the nurse take when caring for this client? A. Avoid using a heating pad on the area with the patch B. To decrease the dose, cut the patch in half C. Dispose of the used patch in the trash can D. Assess the client for urinary retention every 8 hr

A. Avoid using a heating pad on the area with the patch

An older adult client in a cardiac clinic asks the nurse how the cardiovascular system changes with aging. The nurse's explanation should include which of the following alterations? A. Hypotension when standing up B. Increased elasticity of blood vessel walls C. Decreased thickness of the valves of the heart D. Non-palpable peripheral pulses

A. Hypotension when standing up

A nurse is performing an assessment on an older adult client who has chronic pain. Which of the following effects of unrelieved pain should the nurse identify as a priority finding to report? A. Impaired mobility B. Decreased independence C. Decreased self-esteem D. Impaired socialization

A. Impaired mobility

A nurse is caring for an older client who has gout and refuses to eat. The client's provider authorized the client's family to bring food from home. Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend that the client avoid? A. Lentil Soup B. Cheese sandwich C. Yogurt D. Raisins

A. Lentil Soup

A nurse is caring for an older adult client who is having a stroke. After assessing the client's airway, breathing, and circulation, which of the following assessments is the nurse's priority? A. Level of consciousness B. Muscle tone C. Sensory changes D. Gag reflex

A. Level of consciousness

A nurse is caring for an older adult client who is expressing feelings of grief and longing for his earlier life. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Listen attentively and allow the client to talk about the past B. Change the topic of conversation C. Let the client know that this issue is common for older adult clients D. Tell the client about younger clients who are facing worse situations

A. Listen attentively and allow the client to talk about the past

A nurse is performing skin assessments for a group of older adult clients. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a benign, age-related skin change commonly seen in this population? A. Liver spots B. Nevi C. Atopic dermatitis D. Psoriasis

A. Liver spots

A nurse at an assisted living center is conducting an orientation session for a group of newly hired assistive personnel (AP). Which of the following instructions should the nurse include regarding clients who are hearing impaired? A. Maintain eye contact with the client B. Stand to the side of the client and speak into the good ear C. Speak loudly with exaggerated enunciation D. Ask only questions with yes or no answers

A. Maintain eye contact with the client

A nurse is admitting an older adult client who has urinary incontinence and smells strongly of urine. The client's partner, who has been caring for her at home, apologizes and seems embarrassed about the unpleasant smell. Which of the following responses should the nurse offer? A. "A lot of clients who are cared for at home have the same problem." B. "Don't worry about it. She will get a bath and that will take care of the odor." C. "It must be difficult to care for someone who has incontinence." D. "When was the last time that she had a bath?"

C. "It must be difficult to care for someone who has incontinence."

A nurse is teaching the son of an older female client how to care for his mother, who is home-bound. Which of the following signs of possible acute illness should the nurse instruct the family member to report to the care provider? A. Difficulty staying asleep each night B. Increased social isolation C. Abrupt decrease in the ability to perform ADLs D. Urinary urgency

C. Abrupt decrease in the ability to perform ADLs

A nurse in an assisted living facility is assessing an older adult client who moved in 3 months ago following the death of his partner. The client reports awakening early in the morning and admits feeling very sad. The nurse should identify that the client is experiencing which of the following types of grief? A. Anticipatory grief B. Delayed grief C. Acute grief D. Disenfranchised grief

C. Acute grief

A nurse at a long-term care facility is planning care for a client who has Alzheimer's disease and wanders at night. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan? A. Place the client in wrist restraints at night. B. Request a prescription for a psychotropic medication. C. Assign the client to a room close to the nurse's station. D. Keep the television on at night.

C. Assign the client to a room close to the nurse's station.

A nurse in the clinic is assessing an older adult client for the second time in a week. The client reports a decreased energy level, insomnia, and anorexia. The client's diagnostic tests are within the expected reference ranges. For which of the following conditions should the nurse screen the client? A. Sarcopneia B. Dementia C. Depression D. Diabetes

C. Depression

A nurse in a long-term care facility is promoting reminiscence among older adult clients. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Establish a weekly pet therapy visitation program B. Place a calendar and a clock in each resident's room C. Institute a daily storytelling hour D. Encourage all clients to eat their meals in the dining room

C. Institute a daily storytelling hour

A nurse is assessing an older client who reports feeling anxious about financial concerns and having difficulty sleeping for several months. Which of the following should the nurse identify as a factor in the client's sleep pattern? A. Older adults require much less sleep than young adults. B. Older adults seldom awaken at night once they have fallen asleep. C. Older adults have an increase in stages III and IV of sleep. D. Anxiety can cause disturbed sleep patterns.

D. Anxiety can cause disturbed sleep patterns.

A nurse is caring for a client who has Alzheimer's disease and refuses to take her morning antihypertensive medication. The client is orientated to name and place and is able to perform ADLs with minimal supervision. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Crush the pills and feed them to the client in applesauce. B. Insist the client comply by informing her of the possible implications of missing a dose. C. Notify the provider of the need for further evaluation of the client's level of competence. D. Ask the client to express her reasons for refusing the medication and document the event.

D. Ask the client to express her reasons for refusing the medication and document the event.

A nurse working in a community health center is completing an assessment of an older adult female client. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a priority? A. Rales heard in the bases of the lungs B. Constipation C. Urinary frequency D. Painful intercourse

A. Rales heard in the bases of the lungs

A nurse is caring for an older adult client who reports that he has just retired and expresses feelings of loneliness due to the loss of daily interactions with coworkers. Which of the following responses should the nurse provide? A. "Do you know about the local senior citizen group?" B. "You need to take a vacation." C. "Now, you can finally relax and enjoy your life." D. "Why don't you visit your former workplace to see your old friends?"

A. "Do you know about the local senior citizen group?"

A nurse is teaching a newly hired assistive personnel about helping older adult clients with activities of daily living (ADLs). Which of the following is the most common factor that affects a client's performance of ADLs? A. Social withdrawal B. Chronic physical disability C. Emotional impairment D. Cognitive dysfunction

B. Chronic physical disability

A nurse is part of a committee that is developing age-appropriate care standards for older adult clients. Which of Erikson's developmental tasks should the nurse recommend as the focus of this committee? A. Intimacy B. Identity C. Integrity D. Initiative

B. Identity

A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has moderate hearing loss. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to enhance communication? A. Speak with exaggerated lip movements B. Speak at a moderate rate C. Speak in a louder voice D. Speak using a higher pitch

B. Speak at a moderate rate

A nurse at a long-term care facility notes that a client with dementia is having problems with orientation. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to improve the client's level of orientation? A. Encourage the client to make choices about meals and activities B. Use written signs to label specific rooms C. Post a large calendar on the bulletin board D. Place an electronic wander alert bracelet on the clients wrist

C. Post a large calendar on the bulletin board

A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has a terminal illness. The client tells the nurse, "I just want to live 1 more month so I can see my grandchild get marries." Which of the following Kubler-Ross stages of grief is this client experiencing? A. Depression B. Acceptance C. Denial D. Bargaining

D. Bargaining

A nurse is teaching an older adult client about methods to improve sleep. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching? A. "Go to bed at the same time every night." B. "Watch television in bed until you are sleepy." C. "Drink a glass of wine before going to bed." D. "Engage in physical activity in the evenings."

A. "Go to bed at the same time every night."

A nurse is assessing an older client during an annual physical. Which of the following client findings should the nurse report to the provider? A. BP 118/76 mmHg B. Fasting blood glucose 160 mg/dL C. Report of waking to void 2 to 3 times per night D. Report of bowel movement every other day

B. Fasting blood glucose 160 mg/dL

A nurse at an ophthalmology clinic is assessing a client referred by the provider for a potential cataract. Which of the following client reports is consistent with cataracts? A. Halos when looking at lights B. Loss of peripheral vision C. Bright flashes of light and floaters D. Eyestrain and headaches with close work

A. Halos when looking at lights

A nurse is teaching an older adult client who is on bed rest following the development of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) about methods to increase peristalsis. Which of the following high-fiber food choices should the nurse recommend? A. Navy bean soup B. Canned fruit juice C. White rice pudding D. Soy milk

A. Navy bean soup

A nurse is caring for an older adult client who is unresponsive following a stroke. Which of the following actions should the nurse take while providing oral care? A. Turn the client on his side before starting oral care. B. Use the thumb and index finger to keep the client's mouth open. C. Cleanse the client's oral mucosa with a toothbrush. D. Perform oral care using sterile gloves.

A. Turn the client on his side before starting oral care.

A nurse at a long-term care facility is teaching an older adult client about ambulating with a quad-cane. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching? A. "Adjust the height of the cane so that you can flex your elbow at 45 degrees." B. "Hold the cane in the hand on the stronger side of your body." C. "Place the flat side of the cane away from your foot." D. "Move the cane and your stronger leg at the same time."

B. "Hold the cane in the hand on the stronger side of your body."

A nurse is teaching a client who has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and has been losing weight about ways to improve his nutritional intake. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? A. "I will choose hot foods to decrease the sense of fullness when eating." B. "I should add grated cheese to sauces and vegetables." C. "I will eat my largest meal of the day in the evening." D. "I should consume a diet that is high in carbohydrates."

B. "I should add grated cheese to sauces and vegetables."

A nurse is admitting an older adult client who fell at home 3 days ago. The client has a fractured hip, malnutrition, and dehydration. Which of the following laboratory values noted on admission should indicate prolonged malnutrition to the nurse? A. Increased sodium B. Decreased albumin C. Increased BUN D. Decreased blood glucose

B. Decreased albumin

A nurse is monitoring the blood pressure of an older adult client. The nurse should understand that which of the following age-related changes can contribute to an increase in systolic blood pressure among older adults? A. Decreased cardiac output B. Decreased elasticity of the blood vessels C. Fewer nephrons in the kidneys D. Thickening of heart valves

B. Decreased elasticity of the blood vessels

A nurse is caring for an older client who has a new onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following psychological changes can contribute to the development of type 2 diabetes? A. Increased production of insulin by the pancreas B. Decreased sensitivity to the circulating insulin C. Increased rate of glucose metabolism D. Decreased release of glycogen by the liver

B. Decreased sensitivity to the circulating insulin

A nurse is teaching a group of healthy older adult clients about expected age-related changes and sexual response. Which of the following changes should the nurse include as an age-related change? A. Decreased refractory time B. Decreased vaginal lubrication C. Loss of female clients' orgasm ability D. Premature ejaculation

B. Decreased vaginal lubrication

A community health nurse is visiting the home of an older adult client and her caregiver. The client has excoriations to her wrists and ankles. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? A. Refer the caregiver to a support group B. Interview the client in private C. Document the client's wounds D. Contact adult protective services

B. Interview the client in private

A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has a hip fracture and rates his pain as 8 on a scale of 0 to 10. Which of the following medications should the nurse administer? A. Capsaicin topical gel B. Oxycodone/acetaminophen 7.5/325 tablet PO C. Celecoxib 200 mg capsule PO D. Aspirin 325 mg tablet PO

B. Oxycodone/acetaminophen 7.5/325 tablet PO

A nurse is teaching an older adult client who had a total hip arthroplasty about ambulating with a standard walker. Which of the following actions by the client indicated an understanding of the teaching? A. The client adjusts the height of the walker so the hand grips are at the level of his waist. B. The client moves the walker ahead about 15.24cm (6 in) and then steps into the walker. C. The client uses the walker to pull himself from a sitting to a standing position. D. The client uses the walker to climb the stairs.

B. The client moves the walker ahead about 15.24cm (6 in) and then steps into the walker.

A nurse is assessing an older adult client for cardiovascular changes that develop with aging. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? A. Increased peripheral circulation B. Thickening of blood vessel walls C. Decreased pulmonary vascular resistance D. Increased cardiac output

B. Thickening of blood vessel walls

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who is scheduled to start taking finasteride. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? A. "I will see improvement in my symptoms within a week." B. "I can expect increased libido with this medication." C. "I should see a decrease in my PSA levels." D. "I must take this medication within 60 min of sexual activity."

C. "I should see a decrease in my PSA levels."

A nurse is teaching a healthy older adult client who has chronic constipation about establishing a bowel-restraining program. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching? A. "Limit physical activity during the day." B. "Set a time limit of 10 min when attempting to defecate." C. "Increase the fiber content of your diet." D. "Increase your fluid intake to 5,000 mL per day."

C. "Increase the fiber content of your diet."

A nurse is assessing an older adult client who states he is homeless. Which of the following findings should the nurse document as comorbidities for this client? A. Inadequate shelter and clothing for the weather B. Malnutrition and poverty C. Dementia and tuberculosis D. Lack of preventative health care and immunizations

C. Dementia and tuberculosis

A nurse is assessing an 85-year-old client. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider? A. Widened anterior-posterior chest diameter B. Presence of an S4 heart sound C. Differences in pulse strength between lower extremities D. Post-void residual of 75 mL

C. Differences in pulse strength between lower extremities

A nurse is transferring an older adult client who has right-sided weakness from a bed to a wheelchair. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to promote a safe transfer? A. Keep the client at arm's length while performing the transfer. B. Bend at the waist to get down to the client's level. C. Maintain a straight back and bend at the knees. D. Place the wheelchair at the end of the bed on the client's right side.

C. Maintain a straight back and bend at the knees.

A nurse is caring for an older adult client who asks why she has developed greater difficulty sleeping as she ages. Which of the following responses should the nurse provide? A. "Perhaps you are spending more of your sleep time in deep sleep." B. "Maybe you need less sleep now than when you were younger." C. "It's normal to fall asleep easily but wake up later." D. "The body rhythms that control the sleep-wake cycle weaken a bit with aging."

D. "The body rhythms that control the sleep-wake cycle weaken a bit with aging."

A nurse is teaching a group of unit nurses about cardiac function in older adult clients. Which of the following changes in cardiac function should the nurse include as a result of the normal aging process? A. Increased elasticity of the heart valves B. Decreased thickness of the walls of blood vessels C. Decreased systolic blood pressure D. Decreased rate of blood filling the left ventricle

D. Decreased rate of blood filling the left ventricle

A community health nurse is assessing an older adult client who lives alone. Although the client is able to answer all questions appropriately, the client has a decreased attention span, expresses feelings of overwhelming sadness, and has a low energy level. The nurse should identify that the client is exhibiting manifestations of which of the following disorders? A. Delusions B. Dementia C. Delirium D. Depression

D. Depression

A home health nurse is visiting an older adult client who has anemia. Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend to increase the client's iron intake? A. Greek yogurt B. Bran muffin C. Peanut butter sandwich D. Dried fruit

D. Dried fruit

A nurse is reviewing the medical record of an older adult client. For which of the following medications should the nurse conduct a hearing assessment of the client? A. Omeprazole B. Ferrous sulfate C. Digoxin D. Furosemide

D. Furosemide

A nurse is reviewing the records of a group of older adult clients. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an unexpected manifestation of the aging process? A. Decreased absorption of nutrients B. Impaired excretion of medications C. High-pitched frequency hearing loss D. Obesity

D. Obesity

A nurse is caring for an older adult client who is on bed rest. Which of the following foods should the nurse plan to include in the client's breakfast tray to prevent constipation? A. Banana B. Hash brown potatoes C. Egg and cheese omelet D. Stewed prunes

D. Stewed prunes

A nurse is teaching a newly licenses nurse about the sleep cycles of an older adult client. Which of the following pieces of information should the nurse include? A. The client is easily awakened during stage 4 of the sleep cycle. B. There are 4 stages of REM sleep C. Each sleep cycle lasts for about 45 min. D. The client spends more time in lighter stages of sleep

D. The client spends more time in lighter stages of sleep

A nurse is developing an exercise program for an older adult client who lives alone and has become sedentary since his partner died. Which of the following outcomes is the priority of this program for the client? A. To maintain skin integrity B. To increase socialization opportunities C. To increase physical strength D. To maintain functional ability

D. To maintain functional ability

A nurse is teaching a group of healthy older adult clients about health screenings after age 50 years. Which of the following health screenings should the nurse recommend for annual completion? A. Cholesterol B. Colonoscopy C. Diabetes mellitus D. Visual acuity

D. Visual acuity

A nurse is planning care for a group of older adult clients in an assisted-living facility. Which of the following health-promoting behaviors should the nurse plan in order to help these clients increase endurance and maintain muscle strength? A. Regular exercise program B. Frequent small meals C. Adequate rest periods D. Vitamin supplements

A. Regular exercise program

A nurse at a long-term care facility is providing teaching to a group of adolescents who are new volunteers. The nurse should explain that older adult clients are most likely to exhibit a decrease in which of the following? A. Short-term memory B. Creative ability C. Decision-making skills D. Cognitive capacity

A. Short-term memory

A public health nurse is planning an immunization clinic for older adults. At which of the following times should an older adult client receive the influenza vaccine? A. Once during the client's lifetime B. Every 10 years C. Every 5 years D. Annually in the fall

D. Annually in the fall

A nurse is teaching a group of clients at a senior center about the risk factors for osteoporosis. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching? A. "Extended periods of immobility increase your risk of osteoporosis." B. "Prolonged periods of sun exposure increase your risk of osteoporosis." C. "Eating a diet high in protein can reduce your risk of osteoporosis." D. "Corticosteroid therapy will reduce your risk of osteoporosis."

A. "Extended periods of immobility increase your risk of osteoporosis."

A nurse is providing discharge instructions about calcium supplements to an older adult female client who has osteoporosis and recently underwent a repair of a fracture in her right hip. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? A. "You should take your calcium supplement with a large glass of water." B. "You should increase your intake of grain cereals while taking calcium supplements." C. "You should take at least 2600 mg of calcium supplements daily." D. "You will not need to take vitamin D with your calcium supplement after menopause."

A. "You should take your calcium supplement with a large glass of water."

A nurse is providing teaching to an older client who has osteoarthritis of the right hip and lower lumbar vertebrae. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? A. "I should avoid using a heating pad on my back." B. "To relieve the pressure on my hip, I can use a cane while ambulating." C. "I will receive steroid injections in my joints to treat my pain." D. "I will exercise even when I feel pain."

B. "To relieve the pressure on my hip, I can use a cane while ambulating."

A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has aspiration pneumonia. Which of the following age-related changes contributes to the development of aspiration pneumonia? A. Decreased gastric secretions B. Diminished cough reflex C. Decreased sense of smell D. Degenerative joint changes

B. Diminished cough reflex

A home health nurse is caring for an older adult client who states he does not like to leave his home. Which of the following is the priority factor the nurse should identify? A. Bladder incontinence B. Potential for falling C. Memory loss D. Lack of transportation

B. Potential for falling

A nurse managing an adult daycare is developing treatment plans for older adult clients. Which of the following therapeutic strategies should the nurse use to help the clients achieve Erickson's developmental task for this age group? A. Music therapy B. Reminiscence therapy C. Meditation therapy D. Pet therapy

B. Reminiscence therapy

A nurse at a long-term care facility is planning care for an older adult client who has dementia. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan? A. Vary the staff members caring for the client B. Use photographs as memory triggers C. Provide a minimum of 3 activity choices to the client D. Break client tasks down to 3 or 4 steps at a time

B. Use photographs as memory triggers

A nurse is conducting an in-service training session for a group of assistive personnel about the basic needs of older adult clients. Which of the following statements about this population should the nurse include in the teaching? A. "Caloric needs are increased." B. "Renal function is increased." C. "Deep sleep is decreased." D. "Exercise needs are decreased."

C. "Deep sleep is decreased."

A nurse is reviewing exercise safety with a group of older adult clients. Which of the following pieces of information should the nurse include? A. "Wait 30 minutes after a large meal to engage in heavy exercise." B. "You should expect your muscles to tighten and cramp with heavy exercise." C. "Drink water prior to, during, and after each exercise session." D. "Wearing a plastic suit during exercise can assist with weight loss."

C. "Drink water prior to, during, and after each exercise session."

A nurse is teaching a group of older adult female clients who are postmenopausal about dietary requirements. Which of the following statements about the role of folic acid should the nurse make? A. "Client's who are postmenopausal need to limit their intake of folic acid to reduce the risk of stroke." B. "Dietary folic acid is insignificant after the childbearing years." C. "Healthy clients who are postmenopausal require a daily folic acid supplement." D. "Adequate folic acid intake is associated with a reduced risk of heart disease."

D. "Adequate folic acid intake is associated with a reduced risk of heart disease."

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who is scheduled to start taking alendronate sodium. Which of the following recommendations should the nurse include in the teaching? A. "The medication may be crushed if you have difficulty swallowing it." B. "Drink a full glass of milk when you take the medication." C. "Take the medication at bedtime." D. "Discontinue the medication if you develop heartburn."

D. "Discontinue the medication if you develop heartburn."

A nurse at a long-term care facility hears an assistive personnel (AP) talking with an older adult client who has dementia with periods of confusion. Which of the following statements should indicate that the AP requires further teaching? A. "We will be serving breakfast in 10 min. I will stay here while you get ready." B. "It's Monday morning. I know that your favorite television shows are on this evening." C. "I see that you have a new photo on the wall. Can you tell me who that girl is?" D. "It's almost time for your appointment. Let me do your hair for you and brush your teeth."

D. "It's almost time for your appointment. Let me do your hair for you and brush your teeth."

A nurse is teaching a group of older adults. Which of the following behaviors should the nurse identify as relating to Erickson's expected developmental task for this age group? A. Beginning to plan care for aging parents B. Discussing weekend plans for a date C. Initiating plans to purchase a first home D. Accepting the possibility of the need for long-term care

D. Accepting the possibility of the need for long-term care

A nurse is completing medication reconciliation for an older adult client who is receiving multiple medications. Which of the following actions should the nurse perform first? A. Clarify the client's list of medications with the pharmacist B. Compare the current list against the new medication prescriptions C. Investigate any discrepancies on the list D. Ask the client about any over-the-counter medications she is taking

D. Ask the client about any over-the-counter medications she is taking

A nurse is planning care for an older adult client following abdominal surgery for a bowel obstruction. Which of the following pieces of information about pain management should the nurse consider when planning care? A. Older adult clients have a diminished ability to perceive pain B. Older adult clients should not take narcotics for pain control C. Older adult clients have increase pain as a normal part of aging D. Older adult clients are sensitive to the analgesic effect of opiates

D. Older adult clients are sensitive to the analgesic effect of opiates

A nurse is assessing several clients. The nurse should understand that adjusting to free time and finding happiness is an important developmental task for which of the following age groups? A. Adolescents B. Young adults C. Middle-aged adults D. Older adults

D. Older adults

A nurse is caring for a client who has aphasia following a stroke. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Present a single idea in a sentence B. Avoid using nonverbal communication techniques C. Speak loudly D. Use simplified language

A. Present a single idea in a sentence

A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has dementia, gets up frequently to pace during meals, and eats sparingly. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Provide finger foods for the client B. Offer food at fewer times each day to promote hunger C. Administer a benzodiazepine medication to the client before meals D. Assist the client to sit still during meals using soft restraints

A. Provide finger foods for the client

A nurse is providing teaching about nutrition to an older adult client. The client asks, "Don't I need the same amount of nutrients that I did when I was younger?" Which of the following responses should the nurse make? A. "Older adults need less protein." B. "Older adults need an increased amount of carbohydrates." C. "Older adults need an increased amount of iron." D. "Older adults need an increased amount of calcium."

D. "Older adults need an increased amount of calcium."

A nurse is caring for an older adult client. Which of the following physiological changes associated with aging can affect medication dosing for this client? A. Increased glomerular filtration rate B. Decreased body fat C. Decreased gastric motility D. Decreased gastric pH

C. Decreased gastric motility