GERT 4420 Unit 3
Birth rates remain high in countries like Burkina Faso, Chad, and Iraq but have declined in Italy, South Korea, and Thailand. While Europe is the only continent projected to lose population by 2050, Africa's population is expected to at least double in that time. These differences illustrate which of the following? A) crossover effect B) demographic divide C) aging index D) demographic dividend E) health care systems
B) demographic divide
A young country is one that: A) has high birth rates and low death rates B) has high birth rates and high death rates C) has low birth rates and high death rates D) has low birth rates and low death rates
B) has high birth rates and high death rates
Which of the following does not describe a population with a classic pyramid shape? A) fast growth - high fertility and high mortality B) no growth - sustained low fertility and low mortality C) slow growth - transition phase when moving from high fertility/mortality to low fertility/mortality D) changing growth - fertility/mortality rates that move up or down radically because of specific social changes
B) no growth - sustained low fertility and low mortality
The term "snowbirds" describes: A) older adults who are more active during winter months B) older adults who are seasonal migrants to warmer climates during winter months C) older adults making permanent moves to more attractive areas D) older adults moving later in life to be closer to kin
B) older adults who are seasonal migrants to warmer climates during winter months
Andrew is 71 years old and extremely fit. When people compliment him on his good health he says, "...I guess 70 is the new 60!" Andrew's statement can be understood by learning about which of the following? A) median age B) prospective age C) proportion aged D) crossover effect
B) prospective age
What does a "true" pyramid-shaped population pyramid tell us about that population? A) that there is no growth happening, the population is stable because fertility and mortality are both low and constant B) that the population is young, fertility, and mortality are both high C) that fertility is lower than mortality and the population is shrinking D) that men live longer than women in the population
B) that the population is young, fertility, and mortality are both high
The "age index" refers to: A) people aged 100 and over B) the ratio of older people (60+) to children under age 15 C) the proportion of the population in a specific age group D) the number of older people in a given state or community
B) the ratio of older people (60+) to children under age 15
Betty had once read that White women lived longer than Black women. Consequently, when she moved into a nursing home at age 82 she was surprised to see a few Black women, two of whom were older than the oldest White woman in residence. What Betty learnt is an example of: A) centenarian effect B) prospective age C) crossover effect D) demographic transition theory
C) crossover effect
The demographic transition theory describes: A) the way countries move from being mostly male to being mostly female B) the way countries move from having low birth rates to high birth rates C) the interrelated social and demographic changes that result in rapid growth and aging of a population D) the interrelated economic and developmental changes that result in rapid social decline and fertility spikes
C) the interrelated social and demographic changes that result in rapid growth and aging of a population
Total dependency ratio refers to: A) the number of people under the age of 15 per working-age person B) the number of people over the age of 65 per working-age person C) the number of people over 15 and under 65 per 100,000 population D) the number of people under 15 and over 65 per working-age person
D) the number of people under 15 and over 65 per working-age person
A population pyramid: A) provides information about how old or young a society is B) provides indication of the level of inequality within a population C) provides information about the gender differences within a population D) describes the effects of changing educational opportunities for all citizens E) A and C only F) all of the above
E) A and C only
Which of the following measurements might be useful in determining whether a population is "old"? A) proportion aged B) median aged C) aging index D) migration rate E) A, B, and C only F) all of the above
E) A, B, and C only
Which demographic forces shape a population pyramid? A) fertility B) mortality C) sex-ratios D) migration E) A, B, and D only F) A, B, and C only
E. A, B, and D only
Indicators of population aging (ways of exploring the aging of a population) include: A) population pyramids B) proportion aged C) median ages D) dependency ratios E) A and B only F) all of the above
F) all of the above
True or false: a country with a median age of 40.2 has a "young" population
False
True or false: about 1 in 4 people in the United States over the age of 65 lives in a nursing home
False
True or false: developing nations are at risk of experiencing economic development ahead of population aging
False
True or false: factors such as natural disasters, political turmoil, epidemics, and food shortages are unrelated to "median age" in various nations
False
True or false: fertility, mortality, and migration only affect the composition of older ages and sex groupings in a population
False
True or false: most people in the United States relocate to sunbelt areas of the country when they retire
False
True or false: the beehive-shaped population pyramid is considered the best, and therefore, must be the goal of all nations
False
True or false: the life expectancy for women in the United States is about 6 years lower than men's life expectancy
False
True or false: the total dependency ratio in the United States today is higher than the 1960s and 1970s
False
True or false: there is a greater difference between blacks' and whites' life expectancy as age increases
False
True or false: women have experienced greater gains in life expectancy in the United States since the late 1970s
False
True or false: Black and White women, at every age, have higher life expectancy than Black and White men, respectively
True
True or false: dependency ratios are often used strategically to make an argument, defend a position, or influence public policy
True
True or false: in general, the longer you live, the longer you can expect to live, because for every year you survive, your life expectancy will go up
True
True or false: life expectancy describes the average experience of a population in terms of length of life
True
