Global Studies Ch. 9-11

What are the three major groups of the Caribbean Island Groups

1. Greater Antilles 2. The Bahamsa 3. Lesser Antilles

What is Sinkhole

A depression formed by the collapse of the roof of an underground cavern

What kind of heritage do the people of Latin America have

A diverse cultural heritage

What are the three majro landform regions of Central America

A mountainous core; Caribbean lowlands; the Pacific coastal plain

What is a Peninsula

A strip of land that juts out into a body of water

What are the Economic Activities of the Caribbean Islands

Agriculture and Tourism

What contains many varieties of animals and plants

Amazon Rainforest

Mexico is composed of which three cultures

Ancient Indian, Colonial Spanish, and Modern Mexican

What bodies of water surround the Caribbean islands

Atlantic Ocean and Carribean Sea, and Gulf of Mexico

What bodies of water bordern Central America

Atlantic Ocean and Pacific Ocean

What are two peninsulas of mexico

Baja California and Yacatan Peninsula

What area was drained by a river

Basin

What farm produce is grown for sale in local or world markets

Cash Crops

Military dictations, or _____, ruled Guatemala for many years after independence

Caudillos

What did the colonial government promote; why was this ironic

Colonial government's promoted the creation of a wealthy upper class, but ironically the majority of people were poor peasant farmers

What are skeletons of tiny sea animals

Coral

What are the people of the Islands (non-Europeans) made up of

Descendants of enslaved Africans and descendants of Asian imiigrants

What makes up Hispaniola

Dominican Republic and Haiti (DR to the east and Haiti to the west)

Give the Physical and Human Features of the Northern Pacific Coast

Dry, hot and thinly populated Tijuana: the fast growing city Irrigated farm land produces wheat, cotton and other crops Baja California peninsula is mountainous desert

What is a name for an ocean current that warms Pacific waters off coasts of Peru and causes droughts and floods

El Nino

What kind of colonies were these countries once

European colonies

Give the Physical and Human Features of the Yucatan Peninsula

Generally flat Rain dranins undergoud and dissolves limestone and creates caverns Sinkholes formed when caverns collapses

What countries are part of Central America

Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Costa Rica Panama, and Belize

_______forces are armed untis not part of a county's regualr army

Guerrillla

Give the Physical and Human Features of the Gulf of Coastal Plain

Has deposits of petroleum and natural gas along the plain and offshore Major oil-production region

What are winds of at least 74 mph called

Hurricane

Where do most Latin Americans live

In cities along the coast rather than in interior regions

Where do most people live in mexico

In the centrall plateau in the Plateau of Mexico

What are the four main groups of people fo Central America

Indians, Europeans, Mestizos, and people of African descent

Panama is as ______, a narrow strip of land with water on both sides that connects two larger bodies of land

Isthmus

Give the Physical and Human Features of the Southern Pacific Coast

It has narrow coastland along steep-sided Sierra Madre del sur Tourist Area Resort Cities of Acapulco, Mazattan, and Puerto Vallarta

What is a government policy of breaking up haciendas and distributing the land

Land Redistribution

On the side of the Caribbean islands away from the wind or the ______side; receves much less rainfall

Leeward

Give the Physical and Human Features of the Central Pateau

Lies between the Sierra Madre Largest region with most people, major cities, and best farmland Has earthquakes, active volcanoes, and a mild climate

What are the three different economic systems in Latin America

Market, Command, and Traditional Economy

What is a name for people of both Native American and European descent

Mestizo

What four areas make up Latin America

Mexico, Central America, the Caribbean islands, and South America

What are people who travel from place to place to do seasonal work on farms called

Migrant Workers

What are Mexico's most important economic activites

Petroleum Extraction and Tourism

What are three of the regions largest metropolitan area on the coast

Sao Paulo, Buenos Aires, and Rio de Janeiro

What is a tropical grassland

Savanna

What supports on ly desert scrub in parts of Mexico

Scant rainfall

What are Mexicos major landforms

Sierra Madre Occidental and Oriental with a hgih central plateau

What do Mexico and South America both have

Similar patterns of land with high elevation

What four classes make u Mexico's urban population

Small Upper Class: Highly educated; Growing Middle Class: Government workers, bankers, lawyers,a dn business people Working Class: skilled workers Large Group: poor urban dwellers

What two languages are major languages in the region

Spanish and Portugese

What carries the most water in the world

The Amazon River

What mountains are a major landform of South America

The Andes Mountains

What are all the major land forms of South America

The Andes Mountains, the Guiana and Brazilian Highlands

What is Mexico's heartland

The Central Plateau

Depending on the climate in Latin America what varies because of this

The Vegetation

What are the types of Island Formation in the Caribbean Island Groups

The tops of mountains pushed up from the ocean floor The result of volcanic activity The accumulation of coral polyps

What were the classes like when the Aztec and Incan cultures were alive

There was a strict class difference

How were the haciendas operated in New Spain

They were owned by the Spanish, and Indians provided the labor under slave-like conditions

What are the Reasons for Migration in the Caribbean Islands

To find jobs and flee poor political situations

What are winds of at least 39 mph called

Tropical Storm

The side of the Caribbean islands that faces the wind or the _________ side; receives heavy rainfall

Windward

Which islands get moer rain, windward islands or leeward islands

Windward Islands

The Bahamas are a group of islands or an___________

archipelago

What is the uppermost layer of a forest where tree branches meet called

canopy

What are low lying islands

cay

Where do most Mexicans live

cities

As elevtion is higher, climate tends to be what

cooler

What is a farmland owned collectively by farmers

ejidos

What is the main occupation of most people in Central America

farmers (poor)

What are large, Spanish-owned estates of lands run as farms or ranches

haciendas

What is the climate of Islands for the Caribbean Island Groups

influenced by sea and wind and the average temperature of 80 degrees. They have heavy rainfall on windward side and much less on the leeward side

Why is the U.S. next to the name Puerto Rico

it is a U.S. territory

Even though Spanish and Portuguese are the region's major languages where else influenced the region culturaly

large numbers of people from Indian and African peoples.The French, British, and Dutch also influenced the region culturally

What are commercial farms

latifundios

What does tropical climates and heavy rainfall produce in central America along with the Amazon Rain forest in Brazil

luxurious vegetation

What dominates Latin America

mountains

What are the most important industries of Mexico

oil and tourism

What is the problem in both cities and rural areas of Mexico

poverty

What are three reasons of conflict in central America

shortage of farmland; unequal distribution of farmland; favored treatment of the wealthy

What are the two extremes of Central American farms

small subsitence farms and large plantations

What is growing only enough crops to meet a family's need called

subsistence farming

What is Irrigation

the artificial watering of farmland by storing and distributing water from reservoirs or rivers

Why do people leave the islands of Mexico

to find work/jobs