Global Studies Ch. 9-11
What are the three major groups of the Caribbean Island Groups
1. Greater Antilles 2. The Bahamsa 3. Lesser Antilles
What is Sinkhole
A depression formed by the collapse of the roof of an underground cavern
What kind of heritage do the people of Latin America have
A diverse cultural heritage
What are the three majro landform regions of Central America
A mountainous core; Caribbean lowlands; the Pacific coastal plain
What is a Peninsula
A strip of land that juts out into a body of water
What are the Economic Activities of the Caribbean Islands
Agriculture and Tourism
What contains many varieties of animals and plants
Amazon Rainforest
Mexico is composed of which three cultures
Ancient Indian, Colonial Spanish, and Modern Mexican
What bodies of water surround the Caribbean islands
Atlantic Ocean and Carribean Sea, and Gulf of Mexico
What bodies of water bordern Central America
Atlantic Ocean and Pacific Ocean
What are two peninsulas of mexico
Baja California and Yacatan Peninsula
What area was drained by a river
Basin
What farm produce is grown for sale in local or world markets
Cash Crops
Military dictations, or _____, ruled Guatemala for many years after independence
Caudillos
What did the colonial government promote; why was this ironic
Colonial government's promoted the creation of a wealthy upper class, but ironically the majority of people were poor peasant farmers
What are skeletons of tiny sea animals
Coral
What are the people of the Islands (non-Europeans) made up of
Descendants of enslaved Africans and descendants of Asian imiigrants
What makes up Hispaniola
Dominican Republic and Haiti (DR to the east and Haiti to the west)
Give the Physical and Human Features of the Northern Pacific Coast
Dry, hot and thinly populated Tijuana: the fast growing city Irrigated farm land produces wheat, cotton and other crops Baja California peninsula is mountainous desert
What is a name for an ocean current that warms Pacific waters off coasts of Peru and causes droughts and floods
El Nino
What kind of colonies were these countries once
European colonies
Give the Physical and Human Features of the Yucatan Peninsula
Generally flat Rain dranins undergoud and dissolves limestone and creates caverns Sinkholes formed when caverns collapses
What countries are part of Central America
Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Costa Rica Panama, and Belize
_______forces are armed untis not part of a county's regualr army
Guerrillla
Give the Physical and Human Features of the Gulf of Coastal Plain
Has deposits of petroleum and natural gas along the plain and offshore Major oil-production region
What are winds of at least 74 mph called
Hurricane
Where do most Latin Americans live
In cities along the coast rather than in interior regions
Where do most people live in mexico
In the centrall plateau in the Plateau of Mexico
What are the four main groups of people fo Central America
Indians, Europeans, Mestizos, and people of African descent
Panama is as ______, a narrow strip of land with water on both sides that connects two larger bodies of land
Isthmus
Give the Physical and Human Features of the Southern Pacific Coast
It has narrow coastland along steep-sided Sierra Madre del sur Tourist Area Resort Cities of Acapulco, Mazattan, and Puerto Vallarta
What is a government policy of breaking up haciendas and distributing the land
Land Redistribution
On the side of the Caribbean islands away from the wind or the ______side; receves much less rainfall
Leeward
Give the Physical and Human Features of the Central Pateau
Lies between the Sierra Madre Largest region with most people, major cities, and best farmland Has earthquakes, active volcanoes, and a mild climate
What are the three different economic systems in Latin America
Market, Command, and Traditional Economy
What is a name for people of both Native American and European descent
Mestizo
What four areas make up Latin America
Mexico, Central America, the Caribbean islands, and South America
What are people who travel from place to place to do seasonal work on farms called
Migrant Workers
What are Mexico's most important economic activites
Petroleum Extraction and Tourism
What are three of the regions largest metropolitan area on the coast
Sao Paulo, Buenos Aires, and Rio de Janeiro
What is a tropical grassland
Savanna
What supports on ly desert scrub in parts of Mexico
Scant rainfall
What are Mexicos major landforms
Sierra Madre Occidental and Oriental with a hgih central plateau
What do Mexico and South America both have
Similar patterns of land with high elevation
What four classes make u Mexico's urban population
Small Upper Class: Highly educated; Growing Middle Class: Government workers, bankers, lawyers,a dn business people Working Class: skilled workers Large Group: poor urban dwellers
What two languages are major languages in the region
Spanish and Portugese
What carries the most water in the world
The Amazon River
What mountains are a major landform of South America
The Andes Mountains
What are all the major land forms of South America
The Andes Mountains, the Guiana and Brazilian Highlands
What is Mexico's heartland
The Central Plateau
Depending on the climate in Latin America what varies because of this
The Vegetation
What are the types of Island Formation in the Caribbean Island Groups
The tops of mountains pushed up from the ocean floor The result of volcanic activity The accumulation of coral polyps
What were the classes like when the Aztec and Incan cultures were alive
There was a strict class difference
How were the haciendas operated in New Spain
They were owned by the Spanish, and Indians provided the labor under slave-like conditions
What are the Reasons for Migration in the Caribbean Islands
To find jobs and flee poor political situations
What are winds of at least 39 mph called
Tropical Storm
The side of the Caribbean islands that faces the wind or the _________ side; receives heavy rainfall
Windward
Which islands get moer rain, windward islands or leeward islands
Windward Islands
The Bahamas are a group of islands or an___________
archipelago
What is the uppermost layer of a forest where tree branches meet called
canopy
What are low lying islands
cay
Where do most Mexicans live
cities
As elevtion is higher, climate tends to be what
cooler
What is a farmland owned collectively by farmers
ejidos
What is the main occupation of most people in Central America
farmers (poor)
What are large, Spanish-owned estates of lands run as farms or ranches
haciendas
What is the climate of Islands for the Caribbean Island Groups
influenced by sea and wind and the average temperature of 80 degrees. They have heavy rainfall on windward side and much less on the leeward side
Why is the U.S. next to the name Puerto Rico
it is a U.S. territory
Even though Spanish and Portuguese are the region's major languages where else influenced the region culturaly
large numbers of people from Indian and African peoples.The French, British, and Dutch also influenced the region culturally
What are commercial farms
latifundios
What does tropical climates and heavy rainfall produce in central America along with the Amazon Rain forest in Brazil
luxurious vegetation
What dominates Latin America
mountains
What are the most important industries of Mexico
oil and tourism
What is the problem in both cities and rural areas of Mexico
poverty
What are three reasons of conflict in central America
shortage of farmland; unequal distribution of farmland; favored treatment of the wealthy
What are the two extremes of Central American farms
small subsitence farms and large plantations
What is growing only enough crops to meet a family's need called
subsistence farming
What is Irrigation
the artificial watering of farmland by storing and distributing water from reservoirs or rivers
Why do people leave the islands of Mexico
to find work/jobs